Business Management Context - Term Paper Example

Abstract This paper covers a brief literature review of where this research method is used in the academic "business" literature and where and how this research method has been used in business management context Keywords and phrases: Historical research Integrating historical research in business and management studies This paper is a review of historical research. It explores how it can be used or introduced in business and management studies. It incorporates both past academic and business knowledge with regard to literature. Here, the reader grabs the importance of historical research which is argued to be a rarely used research model in management studies. Historical research can offer the business or management researchers a variety of means to achieve extensive knowledge to understand, solve or interpret a situation at hand. Knowledge of the underlying information to any matter enhances the levels of understanding whilst improving the ability to discern and decide on the right or wrong decisions in business management. Historical background information adds to the chances of easier understanding why for instance the reasons implying the general trends in the present (Mehran, 2010). Historical research in the business context Historical research is not a major topic in business and management. Additionally this field lacks supply of enough attention as an independent c research field. Historical research in management studies takes care of various issues requiring this form of research methodology to assist in comparisons with other research methodologies (Sullivan, 2010). Historical research is used in decision making and in evaluating intercultural negotiation in business. Historical research is used to analyze the development of businesses within the background of their social, economic, and cultural base in order to generate information concerning the connections businesses, entrepreneurs and the initial versus present institutional settings. The steps required for historical research are related to the rest applied in the other methods. There is stress in the topic’s flow of information in the business management topic under review. However, it is not 100% similar to those other methods as noted. It involves; formulation of a research question as the starting point (Ribeiro, 2011). There is no reason why historical research will not incorporate some features quantitative research. Conversely, the main emphasis is mostly interpretivistic. The question on review has to be defensible. The relevance check- a historical researcher ought to note that for his work to uphold relevance, it is important to check if the work at hand is track. Note; I. Whether there is prior evidence holding essential concerns on how present decisions are to be made and the means through which future current policies are to be instituted. II. Whether there exist suggestions that the business had encountered a related issue in the past, how they were met, and the outcome of the decisions drawn at that time. III. Whether there is a possibility that the matter at hand may be as a result of a cycle. Is there enough understanding of the matter and the cycle’s nature and how it would be of importance in solving the present situation? Next is the need to determine the scope the business management issue extends. This cannot be easily perceived by a novice researcher as it calls for deep consideration of the domain for examination. The domain for examination establishes the principle discipline that the historical research will require to consider (Stefanie, 2007). A research project of this kind often applies marketing and financial knowledge and concepts. An aspect cannot be understood independently from other related aspects in business management. This indicates that the researcher ought to understand the history of the matters he or she is comparing. This type of idea also deeply applies to business management studies. There is no chance of having an understanding of marketing without appreciating close management ideas or departments. It is also important to learn the scope of the question. At this stage, this is where there emerges the necessity to establish the functions of analysis to be used. To some extent, the research may also indulge in evaluating the business itself. From determining what and where the research is to encompass there will be a better plan in relooking at issues in consideration and objectives of the research. This assists the historical researcher to have a better starting point from where to commence. Historical research in business and business management depends on the ability to obtain a scope of reputable bases of evidence or support. The next move in a historical research, in business literature, is to conduct a survey of the likely sources of evidence. This may be categorized into principal or resultant evidence. Primary evidence entails the original sources ranging from interviews, to minutes of meetings or past agreements. Derived evidence entails of articles supplied by authors or their commentators, not directly taking part in the ongoing research. There are unlimited possible and credible sources of evidence. In a case, where they are more than required there should be a careful selection. Here, the bias of the researcher can play a major point in the final conclusion or in drawing a just ending. Another drawback arises when varying sources submit contradictory information. The best approach to resolving such conflicts is triangulation. However in its application, selection allocation of credibility of the sources is mostly the main concern. If it is not defined on the volume of suitable sources available, then it is clear that a historical research methodology should not be instituted in such a situation. Establishing the sources is often an important input of this form of research. Eliminating sources of evidence always and extremely distorts the research’s findings. This happens when an organization fails to render to the researcher the full access information stored in the past. As historical research is fundamentally interpretist. Like economic history that uses historical research method the monitor the process of development, business history also above that monitors course of events with the objective of adding of understanding of decisions and choices made in the past. The research question in consideration is well evaluated, and the most appropriate approach to solve it, have their sources in both business and business management theories. Another significant trait is the use of case studies in devising an understanding of the relationship between structure and behavior of present growth or deterioration of the business (Gerry, 2009). Assembling the evidence- Each researcher owns a personal set of criteria for accepting the available evidence as either relevant or credible. There is a likelihood that biasness will drip in the entire research project. It is sometimes important for the business management historiographer to indulge colleagues in read historical sources and then give their understanding of its meaning. In developing the story and for the historical research to be credible, the researcher needs to lay out the story with high degrees of integrity (Geoffrey, 2008). The sources that the researcher chose may lead to findings there are contradictions. These contradictions need to be highlighted, and if possible they should also be taken care of, else the findings would be rendered useless. Accuracy is highly called for in this research methodology. True, sometimes contradictions may not be solved and may have to be joined as part of the current situation. When this happens in either business or business management context, the researcher should suggest the contradictions as future topics to be clarified in the near future. In the study of business and management, the outcome of the research may also include specific business management guidelines. It also might have recognition of patterns or principles draw from inductive developing arising out of a case study; it forms a fresh platform for a research hypothesis. Some of the useful findings in a historical and could be considered as competent for publishing in a business labeled journal to add some advice to other businesses (Weber, 2006). Historical research in academic literature Contextualizing historical research might be unlikely to give rigorous academic theories, but they often will facilitate the development of related theories. The main use of historical research in academic literature is supplementing to the already existing knowledge base. Having used the word academically, people involved in literary study regularly find themselves having to answer the question, why study literature? It comes in the contexts of institutionalized sciences, particularly where these scholars must justify their work to those holding the reward strings. Resulting from historical research, literary studies are currently confined to the academy. For one to get a job, those write about literature always pretend to be pursuing academic specialties. The human sciences describe the horizon in which historical research is done, and simultaneously maintaining a flexible boundary (Zeynep, 2009). Literary scholars accommodate themselves to historical processes of evaluation originally instituted for the natural science. Literature assists to ensure that work is judged as it really is, without entangling in its social or historical context. Academic literature introduces the principal resources accessible to historical researchers, indicating how to make most use of the resources in pursuit of other primary sources or elder secondary literature. Historical research in academic literature is suitable for those seeking an academic career and wish to refresh or build their skills. Summary and conclusions Historical research has enough to offer all researchers in business and management studies. The benefit is wider for those researchers joining this field of study with a critical realist angle. In fact, historical research brings a tempting character with these philosophical angles of approach. References Business journals Brandeau M, Sainfort F, Pierskalla W. (2009) 4OR: A Quarterly Journal of Operations Research, 5(2), 157-160. Mehran N. (2010) Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal Vol.2 No.1. Universal-Publishers, New York. Ribeiro D. (2011) International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. Journal no. 11365 Hult M. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science journal: Official Publication of the Academy of Marketing Science. Journal no. 11747 Taylor & Francis. Journal of Business Economics and Management Volume 13, Issue 5, 2012. 1611-1699 (Print) Academic sources Annie R. (2009-08-01). "Fury over Arroyo’s choice of national artists". GMANews.tv: the Official Website of GMA News and Public Affairs. Donald B, Tony K. (2007). The Holocaust: Critical Historical Approaches New Frontiers in History Series. Manchester University Press ND Gerry A. (2009). "Bottom Line: Carlo J. Caparas is NOT Qualified". Komikero Comics Journal. Komikero Comics Journal. Retrieved 2009-08-04. Geoffrey J, Jonathan Z (2008) The Oxford Handbook of Business History Oxford Handbooks in Business and Management C Oxford Handbooks Series. Oxford Handbooks Online Michael M. (2010). Theory of the Novel: A Historical Approach Johns Hopkins Paperback Theory of the Novel. JHU Press Stefanie D. (2007). What is entrepreneurship? - Historical approach and critical discussion. GRIN Verlag. Sullivan A. Steven M. (2008). Economics: Principles in action. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458: Pearson Prentice Hall. Weber, Sebastian & Döpke J, (2009) "The within-distribution business cycle dynamics of German firms," Discussion Paper Series 1: Economic Studies 2006,29, Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Centre. Zeynep T. and Mutlu Y, (2009). 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