Article Review: Smoking during Pregnancy as a Marker for Risk Factors of Adverse Birth Outcomes - Essay Example

A link between the various levels of maternal smoking and the covariate risk factors was drawn using the partial proportional odds model. Results suggested that smoking during pregnancy has an adverse impact on fetal growth and is also linked with low socioeconomic indicators and other risk behaviors. The research drew a comparison between the birth outcomes of heavy smokers and non-heavy smokers and found that the former were exposed to substantially more health risks than the latter. Every variable other than the older maternal age was found to be a risk factor for smoking during pregnancy.

Self-reports of smoking at least 10 cigarettes a day during the early stage of pregnancy can lead to numerous unfavorable birth outcomes. However, there is subjectivity about the extent to which the adverse birth outcomes can be attributed to heavy smoking alone as other factors like socioeconomic status and psychological stress also contribute to them. The research supports the strategies for quitting smoking, yet a broader focus is required to study the underlying factors that cause adverse birth outcomes.