Astronomy 123 Homework - Assignment Example

Astronomy 1a b).The assumptions used by Hubble He used a standard ruler assumption which assumes that all galaxies in the universe are of the same size and type for uniformity. Another assumption was that the smaller and fainter the galaxy is, the longer the distance it is and faster move from us. The velocity (v) = Ho d whereby v is the velocity, d is the distance to and Ho is proportionately constant. All the zero age main sequence stars start at the same luminosity given temperature.2. Andromeda galaxy as spiral nebula and Andromeda galaxy with spiral were all small bodies that were part of the Milky Way.

He believed that everything in the space was located within the galaxy. Shapley advocated a proposition of relative size to support his idea that if the Andromeda galaxy had not been part of the Milky Way then the distance of it could have been 1000000000 light year. This research was not fully welcomed by most of the scientists during the period. The Andromeda spiral almost sparkled at an era of time in the Andromeda galaxy. Outwardly and for new star, the gross energy was not reasonable. Consequently, the Andromeda and new star should be in Milky Way.

The evidence showed optical spectrum of the spiral nebula was not distinguishable from spectrum of the galaxy. Shapley also utilized the kind of absurdum and reduction fully. If Andromeda had been independent, then it had possessed a miraculous brightness so that people could have detected from far. 3. Andrew McKellar was a Canadian astronomer, who studied physics and mathematics in the University of British Columbia. He showed his first observations to astronomers in 1930 and early 1940s. He suffered a number of setbacks that made him not to realize it.

One of the setbacks was non-uniformity in observations. This was due to coherent fluctuations on angular scales that were larger than cosmological horizon at combination. Instrumental errors due to the use of different instruments were another major cause of difficulty in data collection. Planck telescope which was more sensitive and had larger angular resolution confirmed the axis of evil observation. Non- equivalent dependent variable designs used by Andrew McKellar hindered effective collection of data.