Pathophysiology-Urinary Disorders II - Essay Example

Phathophysiology-urinary Disorders 11 Pathophysiology-Urinary Disorders II The glomeruli are found in the kidney and are used in filtering of blood by selectively removing the uremic waste products from the blood. There are various diseases known to cause active inflammation in the glomeruli. Among the diseases, are those that are systemic while there are some that occur solely in the glomeruli (Appel, 2007). Acute nephritic syndromes are such symptoms that have disorders that lead to glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli.

The inflammation begins with an infection or an injury such as a burn or trauma. This causes the scars; tissue to form that replaces the normal, functional tissues hence causing irreversible renal impairment. The severity and extent by which the glomeruli are damaged determine how the disease gets manifested. Glomeruli damages might appear as subacute renal failure, renal failure or urinary abnormalities (Nachman, 2009). This paper seeks to explore the manifestation of acute glomerulonephritis, its symptoms, as well as its treatment.

The paper is responds to questions in line with acute glomerulonephritis following the order set below.Part1The results of the blood tests, streptococcal test, and urine tests.Patients affected by acute glomerulonephritis always have the active urinary sediment. The disease can cause blood and protein to be lost in the urine. It implies that the signs of inflammation of the kidney can be detected by examining the urine under a microscope. For a blood test, a cast of white and red blood cells will be detected due to cells that leak through the glomeruli into the tubule.

For urine tests, signs that can be detected include the presence of blood in the urine leading to dark and brown urine, and formy urine or proteinuria because of presence of blood proteins in the urine. For streptococcal test, results showed the presence of streptococcus bacteria.Part 2The boy has tonsillitis.Part 3Tonsillitis leads to poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis since poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis disorder is known to develop after 1-2 weeks of untreated throat infection.Part 4The boy’s urine is dark because of the presence of blood in the urine.

The blood comes from the damaged kidney structures.Part 5Other than blood in the urine, there will be of presence of blood proteins in the urine leading to formy urine or proteinuria.Part 6The boy will develop renal failure, which would require kidney transplant and dialysis.Part 7The infection of the throat leads to glomerulonephritis since glomerulonephritis occurs in cases where throat infection has been untreated for a period of 1-2 weeks (Nachman, 2009).Part 8The tests that are best for the diagnoses of glomerulonephritis include Blood electrolytes, potassium test, urinalysis, blood creatinine, test for protein in the urine, blood urea nitrogen, urine appearance and color, ANA titer, blood culture, anti-glomeruli basements membrane antibody, culture of the throat, antineutrophil cytoplasmic for vasculitis, serum complement, and a kidney biopsy (Nachman, 2009).

Part 9Complications of glomerulonephritis include strep throat, decreased urine output, swelling of the abdomen, the feet, ankles, and hands, enlargement of the liver, shortness in breath, high blood pressure, signs for chronic kidney failure, fluid overload in the abdomen, ill feeling, headaches, aches and pains in joints and muscles, blurred vision, decrease in alertness, and cough that contain frothy materials (Appel, 2007).Part 10So far there is no treatment for post streptococcal glomerulonephritis.

The treatment in use, is mainly, focused on relieving the symptoms rather than treatment. The use of antibiotics such as penicillin can be used in destroying any streptococcal bacteria that might be found in blood. The medications for blood pressure and the diuretic medication may, as well are used in controlling the swellings and high blood pressure. Additionally, Corticosteroids and anti- inflammatory medications can be, applied though, not particularly effective. Limiting the salt content in the diet can also help in controlling high blood pressure (Appel, 2007).

ReferencesAppel, G. (2007). Glomerular disorders and nephrotic syndromes. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier.Nachman, P. (2009). Primary glomerular disease. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders