Nutritional Implications - Essay Example

Medical nutrition therapy cardiac module Please answer questions concisely, with focus on nutritional implications Provide the appropriate term for the following abbreviations and provide a brief description. AAA-is an organization committed to providing broad and empathetic treatment for persons besieged with eating-related disorders. ABG- stands for arterial blood gas.it is a blood test conducted on the artery to determine blood pressure, pH, CO2 or O2. ADHF- Acute decompensated heart failure is a condition where the symptom in a patient with heart diseases worsens hampering blood nutrients circulation. AFIB- is an abbreviation for Atrial fibrillation which is an anomalous heart rhythm that causes congestive heart catastrophe, palpitations and chest pains and can be prevented by consuming appropriate amounts of minerals and vitamins. CABG-stands for Coronary artery bypass graft which is basically the procedure used in combating coronary treat disease to divert blood around the body. CAD- Coronary Artery Disease is a type of heart diseases caused by poor diet and lack of exercise. CHF- chronic heart failure is a condition that occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood to all parts of the body to sustain the body nutritional needs. CVA-stands for cerebrovascular accident is a loss of brain function caused by hemorrhage or ischemia. EKG- Electrocardiogram; is a record of the pace of the heart to determine an individual’s condition or components consumed (Brose, 2000). IABP- Intra-aortic balloon pump; is a device inserted into the heart to upsurge coronary perfusion. IWMI- International Water Management Institute; controls the quality and quantity of water expended. MB-CPK- is a cardiac marker that is used in identification of critical myocardial infarction. MI-a group of dieticians and nutritionists in Michigan NQWMI- stands for Non-Q wave myocardial infarction is a myocardial infarction. NSTEMI- non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; is a heart attack caused by coronary failure. PCI- Percutaneous coronary intervention is set techniques used in diagnosis of heart infection. VFIB- Ventricular fibrillation is an abnormal and threatening arrhythmia. VT- stands for Ventricular tachycardia which is an atypical heart pulse that results from factors such as nutritional deficiency or emotional distraught. 2. Define the following terms: Angina- is a discomfiture experienced when some heart muscle does not get enough blood rich in oxygen. Angina pectoris-is chest pain that is normally experienced due to increased stress or activity that causes indecorous contraction of heart muscles. Angiogram- it is an X-ray test that uses fluoroscopy and a special dye to take pictures of blood flow in veins ore arteries for purposes of diagnosing a heart condition. Arrhythmia-is hitch with the heartbeat rate where the heart either beats too slow, too fast or experiences irregular rhythms. Bradycardia - connotes the relaxing heartbeat rate of below 60 BPM causing less blood flow in the body. Cardiac Catheterization- is a therapeutic technique used to analyze and treat a heart ailment. Carotid arteries-is a condition in which a waxy material (plaque) forms in the carotid blood vessel. Embolism-can be elucidated as the billet of an embolus that might be a gas bubble, fat globule or blood clot in the bloodstream thereby causing obstruction of blood vessels (Caplan & Manning, 2006). Ischemia-is a restrict flow of blood to tissues causing deficiency of glucose and oxygen required for to uphold cellular metabolism. Omega-3 fatty acids-are vital nutrients with polyunsaturated fatty acids with dual bond at the third carbon atom that is third from the end of the chain. Omega-6 fatty acids- are polyunsaturated fatty acids with a two dual bond at the sixth carbon atom. Pericardial effusion- is an irregular buildup of fluid in the pericardial fissure. Stenosis-is the unusual constricting of blood vessel which constraints blood flow throughout the body. Stress test-is a test used to gather information on how the heart operates/functions during exercise. Tachycardia-is a heart rate that is irregular in that it outstrips 100 BPM. Telemetry-is the technique of using distinctive equipment to transmit vital information or measurements about the heart. Thrombus-is a perpetual blood globule that forms in a blood vessel. Tilt table test-is a therapeutic procedure used to analyze syncope or dysautonomia. 3. Provide a brief description of the pathology of coronary heart disease (CHD). CHD is a condition characterized by insufficient supply of blood rich in oxygen to heart muscles due to constricting of a coronary artery due to deposition of fatty plaques on its walls. 4. What are the risk factors for coronary heart disease? The risk factors for CHD are smoking, family history, obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, low HDL cholesterol and high LDL cholesterol. 5. Briefly describe the roles of LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol in coronary heart disease. LDL cholesterol is a bad cholesterol that forms the atheroma which is the fundamental cause of cardiac diseases while HDL is a good cholesterol that prevents formation of atheroma and subsequently hinders development of several cardiovascular diseases. 6. Describe the dietary treatment of hypercholesterolemia and the latest treatment goals set by the National Cholesterol Education Program. A diet rich in low cholesterol foodstuffs and trans fats, prevents inundated fats is endorsed. A vegetarian diet is quite appropriate in treating hypercholesterolemia as it lowers cholesterol levels in blood. The National Cholesterol Education Program requires that the LDL-C (lipoprotein cholesterol) level in high risk patients is low density and Read More