Promot Sleep in ICU - Research Paper Example

PROMOTING SLEEP IN ICU Promoting sleep in ICU Mashayekhi, F., Arab, M., Pilevarzadeh, M., Amiri, M., & Rafiei, H. . The effect of eye mask on sleep quality in patients of coronary care unit. Sleep Science, 6(3), 108–111. The study examined the implications of eye masks on sleep quality on patients under coronary care. The study was conducted on sixty patients in a CCU in Southeast of Iran. Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale were used in the study. Thirty four, twenty two and four out of the sixty patients were respectively admitted in the CCU as a result of myocardial infection, chest pains and angina pectoris (Mashayekhi, Arab, Pilevarzadeh, Amiri, & Rafiei, 2013).

In order to ascertain the effects of eye masks, sixteen items were used to draw conclusions, with the main three items being sleep disturbance, sleep effectiveness, and sleep supplementation. When the patients were admitted at the CCU, their nocturnal sleep time was 6.6.± 1.1 hours. However, after the use of eye masks, the quality of sleep in terms of effectiveness and disturbance significantly increased (p < 0.05). From these results it can be concluded that usage of eye masks at night is a comfortable and cheap method for improving sleep quality in CCU patients (Mashayekhi et al., 2013). Therefore, it should be recommended.

Daneshmandi, M., Neiseh, F., SadeghiShermeh, M., & Ebadi, A. (2012). Effect of Eye Mask on Sleep Quality in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Journal of Caring Sciences, 1(3), 135–143. This study was conducted to examine the effects of eye masks on the quality of sleep of patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome. The study was fronted as a result of the reduction in sleep quality in patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome. The study was conducted on sixty patients admitted in two separate coronary care units in Baqiyatallah Hospital based in Tehran (Daneshmandi, Neiseh, SadeghiShermeh, & Ebadi, 2012).

The patients were selected by sampling method and randomly assigned to either the case or the control group. The case group was provided with eye masks and their sleep quality was measured using the Petersburg sleep quality index. The obtained data was later analyzed by independent T-test, paired T-test, SPSS software version 19 and Spearman and Pearson’s correlation co-efficient (Daneshmandi et al., 2012). The results revealed that the quality of sleep of the case group decreased significantly, whereas the quality of sleep in the control group increased.

This led to the conclusion that using eye masks at night is an uncomplicated and cheap method for improving sleep quality in patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome.Richardson, A., Allsop, M., Coghill, E., & Turnock, C. (2007). Earplugs and eye masks: do they improve critical care patients’ sleep? British Association of Critical Care Nurses, 12(6), 278–288. This study was conducted to examine the effects of eye masks and ear plugs in helping patients exposed to light and noise when in critical care environment.

Sixty four patients undergoing treatment in cardiothoracic critical care unit agreed to take part in the study (Richardson, Allsop, Coghill, & Turnock, 2007). Thirty four patients employed the use of eye masks and ear plugs whereas the other thirty did not. Those who used the eye masks and ear plugs realized that their sleep had improved significantly. Mixed reports were realized on the use of eye masks and ear plugs since some patients said the intervention were very comfortable; whereas some complained that they were uncomfortable (Richardson et al., 2007). However, from the results it can said that eye masks and ear plugs help improve patients’ quality of sleep; thus, should be thought of as a routine nursing practice.Hu, R., Jiang, X., Zeng, Y., Chen, X.

, & Zhang, Y. (2010). Effects of earplugs and eye masks on nocturnal sleep, melatonin and cortisol in a simulated intensive care unit environment. Critical Care, 14(2), 1–9.This study was conducted in order to evaluate the psychological and physiological impacts of ICU light and noise, as well as usage of eye masks and earplugs. This was influenced by thoughts that light and noise have a tremendous influence on sleep of patients in ICU. Fourteen patients were used in this study. They went through polysomnography under four environments namely; baseline, adaptation, exposure to documented ICU noise and light, as well as use of eye masks and ear plugs (Hu, Jiang, Zeng, Chen, & Zhang, 2010).

The patients’ urine was later scrutinized for cortisol and melatonin levels. When the subjects perceived sleep quality, perception of environment stimuli and anxiety levels were rated, results found out that usage of eye masks and earplugs led to more rapid eye movement (REM) time, shorter REM latency, minimal arousal and increased melatonin levels (Hu et al., 2010). This led to the conclusion that eye masks and earplugs improve sleep quality and hormone balance in healthy people exposed to simulated ICU light and noise.Jones, C., & Dawson, D. (2012). Eye masks and earplugs improve patient’s perception of sleep.

British Association of Critical Care Nurses, 17(5), 247–256. This study was conducted in order to find out the factors affecting sleep quality in ICU patients before and after being exposed to eye masks and ear plugs. One hundred patients were used in this study. The first fifty patients were given normal and standardized care; whereas the other fifty patients were given ear plugs and eye masks to help them in their sleep (Jones & Dawson, 2012). Three data collection strategies were employed.

They included; collecting demographic information from medical notes and hospital charts, ranking sleep quantity and quality using two likert scales, as well as asking three open-ended and one closed questions. The eventual result proved that noise is a significant factor responsible for sleep reduction. Consequently, the study found out that ear plugs promote sleep by twenty two percent; whereas eye masks promote sleep by twenty eight percent.Conclusion In conclusion, it is evident that eye masks and ear plugs helps significantly in improving the quality of sleep.

All the studies conducted in different geographical settings and with different set of participants all give evidence that usage of eye masks and ear plugs improve patients’ quality of sleep. Therefore, they should be used as a routine nursing practice in ICU patients.ReferencesDaneshmandi, M., Neiseh, F., SadeghiShermeh, M., & Ebadi, A. (2012). Effect of Eye Mask on Sleep Quality in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Journal of Caring Sciences, 1(3), 135–143.Hu, R., Jiang, X., Zeng, Y., Chen, X., & Zhang, Y. (2010). Effects of earplugs and eye masks on nocturnal sleep, melatonin and cortisol in a simulated intensive care unit environment.

Critical Care, 14(2), 1–9.Jones, C., & Dawson, D. (2012). Eye masks and earplugs improve patient’s perception of sleep. British Association of Critical Care Nurses, 17(5), 247–256.Mashayekhi, F., Arab, M., Pilevarzadeh, M., Amiri, M., & Rafiei, H. (2013). The effect of eye mask on sleep quality in patients of coronary care unit. Sleep Science, 6(3), 108–111.Richardson, A., Allsop, M., Coghill, E., & Turnock, C. (2007). Earplugs and eye masks: do they improve critical care patients’ sleep?

British Association of Critical Care Nurses, 12(6), 278–288.