Role of Supreme Court under the direction of John Marshall - Essay Example

Role of Supreme Court under the direction of John Marshall John Marshal, chief judge in the Supreme Court, made several rulings with regard of protecting business. He served for three decades, being the fourth chief judge to serve with the longest professional record in the history of the US. During his reign, he managed to bring many changes in the way the state valued business organizations. Most of his rulings were to protect the state and prevent foreign competition. John Marshall was a nationalist.

In the case Maryland vs. McCulloh, the Supreme Court through Marshall’s verdict asserted that the federal government retains the power to tax the new national bank since its powers are constitutionally right. This ruling brought the balance between the state and the federal government. Federalism caused differences in the way the US government operated. According to his judgments, the federal law was more superior to the State. Most of his rulings aimed at reducing the monopolies that overtook the business realm in the 1800’s.

Marshal was able to prevent the state government from using too much beyond their jurisdiction to control business activities. In 1810, Marshall made a ruling between Fletcher v Peck insisting that businesses should avoid breach of contracts if they are to succeed. Marshal also ensured that corporation and organization transact business as individuals and own properties like humans (Henry). Impacts of transport revolution in America 1816-1860 The government played a crucial role in promoting the transport sector during this period.

The government built roads, canals, and railways to promote the business industry that was rapidly growing. During this time, sea transport provided the cheapest transport. This encouraged the government to build many canals in the country. Journeys became shorter; business transactions and operations moved faster. Transport also helped in improving the communication. Most of the letters managed to reach their destinations efficiently. A journey that earlier took 12 hours was reduced to 4 hours due to the introduction and development of the transport system.

The roads and the canals encouraged rural urban migration. Most of the businesses erupted and expanded. The streets were full of walking crowds and per capita income of the country rose by 50% mainly due to the new transport resources. Technology was encouraged while mechanization was set in. Most of the people changed their demand to manufactured goods. Women stopped spinning and bough clothing from the textile companies. Social, political, and economic impact of civil war on the South with its people The civil war between the South and the North resulted into many farmers abandoning their farms and fleeing from their homes.

Most of the slaves who were crucial resource for labor escaped and gained freedom. Jefferson managed to set slaves free with the aim of recruiting them to join the army. The civil war also helped in enacting and amending the constitution. The civil war led to poverty, as many people could not conduct their normal businesses. Death and injuries occurred because of the civil war. The casualties were the highest in comparison to the previous battles. Politically, the South suffered due to the constant fierce battle the North launched on them.

Economically, the South suffered in relation to the necessity of buying resources used during the battle. It is for this reason that Jefferson traded the freedom of the blacks for war. Role of women in American society in the 19th century Women played their significant roles in the society in the 19th century. Most of the women did most of their household’s chores. Women took care of animals in their farms. In addition to this, the women also did much of the farming, as well as managed the farms.

Women managed employment in textile and spinning factories. Slave women also worked in farms owned by the whites. The whites chose various black women to work as their house helps. It goes without saying that women played a crucial role in protecting their children. Women also influenced economics of the country by participating in trade. They sold most the products from their farms, as well as specialized in buying goods at the market. Women sold eggs from their farms proving food to the males who worked on their farms.

They specialized in butter and cheese selling, thus, shifting from spinning and weaving. Women encouraged specialization leading to rise in technology and technical innovation. They also participated in social life and formed an organization advocating for their rights. Work Cited Henry, J. John Marshall: The “Man Who Made the Court Supreme”. New York: Sage Publications, 2008. Print.