Review of Government Survey Results - Essay Example

? Research Results and Conclusion Results In this survey, data was collected through review of government survey results and throughobservation of several subjects. The study design that used survey information that was collected on the whole population and not on a single data sample was quite reliable since it gives information on all expected cases. Information on teen pregnancy issues on other countries were also collected form their survey data which is again reliable. All these information was used in analysis in order to find out what factor led to teenage pregnancy, the programs that had been effective in reducing the rates of teen pregnancy. Since these sources of information are very reliable, they give the actual situation of the issue of teenage pregnancy (Nicoletti 2004). This information is then used to develop other better programs that will make teenage pregnancy a thing of the past and help in alleviating poverty among the American population. One of the steps used in ensuring the safety of the subjects involved in this research was through ensuring that the questionnaires they filled were anonymous. They were also informed of the potential risks and dangers that they had in participating in the study. One of the risk factor could be that the information they gave out could be accessed by other persons (Nicoletti 2004). They were given details involving the research in full including the intention of carrying out the study and how the information they gave could be used. The subjects were then required to sign a voluntary informed consent. The measure of reliability and validity of the data obtained was used made through the use of various analysis tools. Since the information was obtained from whole population, it was believed to valid since it was completely representative. For the quantitative data, various calculations such as the means, variance and standard deviation were carried out to measure its reliability. However, since the research was manly qualitative, reliability was ensured through the observation of the data sets. The subjects were also given two similar tests at different times and the scores from these test correlated using various correlation measures. This being mainly a qualitative study, data analysis was mainly aimed at giving deeper insight into the study by showing patterns. Qualitative data also gives details of information that cannot be represented in numerical format such as feelings, behavior and attitude. It also opens the topic to greater areas which may be considered in future studies. It also helps in the simulation of the unique personal experiences which can help in understanding why people act or behave in the way they do (Neinstein 2008). This also help to prevent prejudgment making the data collected from the research more reliable. In this study, the method of analysis that was used was deductive approach. The research was conducted based on various theories that have been developed about teenage pregnancy. Teenage pregnancy is a topic that has attracted the attention of many scholars leading to the development of various theories regarding tit. This research used the theories and information obtained previously on this topic to analyze the data obtained from this research. This has been very effective because it made it easy for new information on the topic to be realized. The inductive approach would not have been very effective for this study since it works well on research areas which have been remotely researched on. Using inductive approach on this topic would have a lower success rate of adding new information to this area which has already been widely researched on. The data analysis procedure involved the comparing of teen pregnancy data from different countries in Europe and America. This helped in answering the research question on whether the rates of teenage pregnancy in high in America compared to other countries. It also involved the analysis of the program that have been instituted at the state level such as sex education and contraceptive programs have been successful in reducing the rate (Neinstein 2008). The numbers of teenage pregnancy before the programs started and now are compared in order to answer the study question of whether these programs have been effective in preventing teenage pregnancy. Distinction between Qualitative and Quantitative Data Quantitative data is data that is measurable and is presented in numerical form. Quantitative data is easy to manipulate through different calculations and can be used in uncover patterns and formulate facts from a research. Quantitative research is better structured than qualitative ones and is purely scientific. This kind of research can be used to quantify different variables in a research such as behavior, opinion, attitude and other defined variables(Baker et al 2007). Quantitative kind of data can be collected through different surveys such as online survey, interviews, mobile surveys, kiosk survey and so on. Qualitative data on the other hand is data that cannot be presented in numerical format and represent unquantifiable characteristics, feelings, opinion, reasons and motivation. This kind of information is obtained in qualitative researches which seek to look for underlying reasons and is used to develop ideas that are explored in quantitative studies. This kind of data is obtained through different methods such as closed group discussion, observation and interviews. Conclusion From this study, it was observed that the rate of teen pregnancy has greatly reduced over the year. Contrary to common believe that teen pregnancy in America were seen to be higher than in other countries, the result of this research shows that they are not that high. It was seen that there was a drop in the number of teenage births of 8% from the year 2010 to 2011. Birth rates fell by % for women between the age of 18-19 and by 11% from 15-17 (Nicoletti 2004). The reduction in the rates of teenage pregnancy has been attributed to the promotion of the programs that have been developed. Among these programs include the popularization for use of contraceptives such as condoms and pills among the teens. Sex education has also been a major cause of this reduction. The number of teenager who engages in sex has also greatly reduced with more youths practicing abstinence than in the previous years. The strength of this study is that it relied on data collected on whole population. As such the study avoided the problem of the sample population being less representative. However, it had the disadvantage that it was highly qualitative. This made it hard to analyze it since unlike quantitative data; it is not possible to develop reliable statistics from qualitative data. The findings from the study supported the hypothesis that teen pregnancy in America has greatly reduced as shown by the statistics. Recommendations were also given on how better programs can be formulated to ensure that the rates were reduced further. References Baker, P., & Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (Great Britain). (2007). Teenage pregnancy and reproductive health. London: RCOG Press. Neinstein, L. S., & Neinstein, L. S. (2008). Adolescent health care: A practical guide. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Nicoletti, Angela (2004). Teen Pregnancy Prevention Issues, Journal Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 155-156. Read More