Stem Cell - Research Paper Example

? STEM CELL RESEARCH The use of the stem cell research on humans started in the 1960’s and one of thefirst and foremost achievements in this respect was when a patient who had severe combined immune deficiency disorder was successfully treated in 1968. Thereupon, in the early years of the 1970’s adult stem cells were used to treat immunodeficiencies and leukemias. The stem cell research has been supported by many who have observed the scope and the need for such a research. The cure for diseases which can be found by way of such a research have created for it a dramatic increase in support from many. However, there are arguments contrary to these by people who effectively disagree with the said phenomena ab initio. In respect of embryonic stem cell research it is argued by many to be an unethical procedure whereby lives of people are taken in the process. The important question in this respect is the ascertain ability of when actual stages of life begin. A blastocyst is where a cluster cells which are known as the inner cell mass is where the embryo is arises. The outer layer of the cells gives rise to the placenta as well as other supporting which are required for fetal development within the uterus and as far as the tissues of the body are concerned they rise by means of the inner cell mass cells. The problem in respect of stem cell research, in particular the embryonic stem cell research was one of the most important political issue of the first tenure of President George W. Bush of the United States of America. The first and foremost action that was undertaken by the aforementioned President was on 09th August 2001 whereby he imposed a ban whereby no federal spending would be done for the reason to obtain new embryonic stem cells from fertilized embryos. The argument put forward by the President was that the said research was destroying human life and therefore such incidents should be curtailed. Furthermore, during the period of the 109th Congress there was a bill passed by both houses which was signed by the President which banned the creation of fetuses by people for the sole reason that they would eventually be destroyed and the body parts would be harvested upon. There were bills passed by the 109th and 110th Congress so as to overturn the band, however, the same were vetoed by the President. Contrary to the said motion, the Senate passed a bill so as to encourage research so as to create stem cells without destruction of human embryos. The stance in respect of embryonic stem cell research can be said to be a trend worldwide, however the governments of the rest of the world have found that there have been effective contributions that have been made by the research on stem cells and have created a difference. Therefore after such analysis the governments have been granting adequate funds and grants so as to excel the said research. China: The website stemcellschina is a mechanism that has been adopted by way of which people who spread over the entire world are connected with the centers who are actively performing stem cell therapy in China. In January 2004 the Ministry of Science of Technology and Ministry of Health, issued the "Guidelines for Research on Human Embryonic Stem Cells," however it can still be easily construed that China is by far the most unrestrictive country in respect of embryonic stem cell research. The guidelines tend to prohibit any research in respect of cloning and state the embryos that are obtained should come only from Spared gamate or blastocyst after in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures;Fetal cells from accidental spontaneous or voluntarily selected abortions;Blastocyst or parthenogenetic split blastocyst obtained by somatic cell nuclear transfer technology; or Germ cells voluntarily donated. Australia: In respect of Australia there is partial support that is research on embryonic stem cells that have been derived by means of the procedure of IVF are allowed, however, reproductive cloning is not allowed. The main Act and Bill in respect of such allowance and restriction are Research Involving Human Embryos Act 2002. and Prohibition of Human Cloning for Reproduction and the Regulation of Human Embryo Research Amendment Bill 2006 respectively. United Kingdom: The Parliament in 2001 by way of an amendment to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 allowed destroying embryos for hESC harvests subject to satsifcation of any one of the following requirement: Increases knowledge about the development of embryos, increases knowledge about serious disease, or enables any such knowledge to be applied in developing treatments for serious disease. The stem cell research has been done by the United Kingdom and as per Lord Sainsbury, Science and Innovation Minister for the UK. There would be a new ?10 million stem cell research centre at the University of Cambridge. The Report in respect of stem cells is The United Kingdom Parliament. House of Lords: Stem Cell Research - Report. Japan: The Minister of Education and Science issued the "Law Concerning Regulation Relating to Human Cloning Techniques and Other Similar Techniques" on December 4, 2001. Furthermore, The Council for Science and Technology Policy, chaired by Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi, provided for its approval of cloning human embryos for basic research, subject to and based on recommendations by a subpanel on bioethics in its final report, July 13, 2004. In respect of the Obama administration, the focus is on medical and health and there would be more payment for research compared to what used to happen during the Bush administration. It is important to mention that the research in this respect might lack public support. On March 9, 2009, by way of the issuance of Executive Order 13505 by President Barack Obama the Removing Barriers to Responsible Scientific Research Involving Human Stem Cells was introduced. The initiative undertaken by President Barack Obama thereby removing the ban in respect of the research is commendable because of the fact that such research would help incurring many diseases and conditions. However, the only problem that lies in this respect is tha of embryonic stem cell research which have as yet been thought of unsuccessful and of no use and the fact that they destroy fetuses; however, it is a pre mature statement at this point in time because such a research if deemed successful may do wonders to mankind. By way of the Executive Order the National Institutes of Health (NIH) working has been changed and they can support and conduct human stem cell research. The Secretary of HHS, through the NIH Director, implemented the new guidance that was required of him. 1 The future of such research is more than promising, therefore the fundamental element of funding should be effectively undertaken by the Government of United States of America so as to further develop the said research and strengthen the field of science so as to effectively rectify and remove the disease that have been existent and have been said to be without a cure for generations. References Solo, P., & Pressberg, G. (2007). The promise and politics of stem cell research. Westport (Conn.: Praeger Scott, W. B. (2009). An analysis of embryonic stem cell legislation at the state level Smith, H. G. (May 16, 2008). New stem cell legislation in Europe: Are you ready?. Journal of Biolaw and Business, 11, 1, 55-56. Mariani, M. T. (January 01, 2002). Stem Cell Legislation: An International and Comparative Discussion. Journal of Legislation, 28, 379-411. Read More