Exam 1, incarceration - Essay Example

Incarceration What Is Meant By The Term Social Diversity, and Why Is the Issue of Social Diversity Important In Corrections Today? Social diversity is a social setting that is based on mutual interaction between individuals from different ethnic background, gender, and race. In most instances, mutual interaction between people different social and cultural background is necessitated by educating members about other people’s perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs. Moreover, social diversity is used to define a welcoming and an all-inclusive society.

Social diversity also results into a community that demonstrated a considerable amount of respect to people with varying traits, cultural practices, identities, belief systems, worldviews, ideas and demographic trends. In a diverse society, it is the responsibility of all members to respect and value the interests of all individuals regardless of their gender, ethnicity, age, appearance, citizenship, employment, social status, sexual orientation, invisible and visible disabilities, language, race, religion, marital status and gender identity (Wilson, Gallagher & MacKenzie, 2000).

Importance of Social Diversity in CorrelationSocial diversity is critical in shaping contemporary correlation practices and activities. Social diversity enhances mutual correlation between clients and service providers. Secondly, social diversity influences correctional tread and general population growth and structure. Social diversity facilitates mutual interaction between people from different social and cultural backgrounds. Apart from enhancing mutual interaction between individuals from different cultural backgrounds, social diversity is extremely essential in enhancing a multicultural society.

Most modern societies are composed of individual from different cultural settings. This is specifically the case in metropolitan settings. Finally, social diversity is very essential in determining the functioning and structures of correlation programs, institutions and facilities. What are three- strikes (and two-strike) laws? What consequences might three-strike (and two-strike) laws have for the Criminal Justice System and For the Corrections Subsystem?The three-strike laws are statutes that were enacted by United States of America government.

The statutes gave powers to the country’s courts to impose severe sanctions to individuals who are convicted of three or more criminal offenses. Under general circumstances, only individuals who have committed serious felonies are subjected to severe punishment. However, under three-strike laws, the magnitude of the punishment will depend on the seriousness of the felony. Prison sentences were also expected to range from a minimum of 25 years to a maximum of life imprisonment (Zimring, Hawkins & Kamin, 2001).

A part from increasing imprisonment period, three-strike law also limits offenders’ ability to receive punishment that is beyond life imprisonment. Some of the offense that are punished under the three-strike law include sexual offenses, violent crimes, murder, illegal possession of dangerous weapons, assault with an intent to commit robbery, burglary and robbery with violence.Consequences of Three-Strike (and Two-Strike) Laws To the Criminal Justice System and For the Corrections SubsystemA good number of states in America have adopted the three-strike law.

The law gives judges the power to punish offenders with long prison terms. The long-term prison is likely to deter potential and known offenders from committing criminal offenses. The law will also ensure that persistent offenders are incarcerated in prison for a long period. The three-strike law also ensures that, the second time offenders are severely punished, limiting their chances of repeating the offense. Despite reducing criminal activities in the society, the three-strike law may result to overcrowding in prisons.

Sentencing petty crime offenders for 25 years is likely to cause extreme congestion in the country’s prisons. Moreover, the law is also likely to deny judges and magistrates their decision-making powers. Initially, judges and magistrates held the power of sentencing convicted criminals. However, the three-strike law has taken away that power by compelling judges to institute mandatory sentences (Lin, 2000)ReferencesLin, A. (2000). Reform in the Making: The Implementation of Social Policy in Prison.

Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Retrieved February 2, 2013 from: www.bop.gov/news/research_projects/./gen./oreprreform_b.pdfWilson, D., Gallagher, C., & MacKenzie, D. (2000). A Meta-Analysis of Corrections-Based Education, Vocation, and Work Programs for Adult Offenders. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 37 (4), 347–368. Retrieved February 2, 2013 from http://jrc.sagepub.com/content/37/4/347.abstractZimring, F., Hawkins, G., & Kamin, S. (2001). Punishment and Democracy: Three Strikes and you’re Out in California.

New York, NY: Oxford University. Retrieved February 2, 2013 from http://books.google.co.ke/books/about/Punishment_and_Democracy.html?id=yoA_ZwmTcakC&redir_esc=y