Management - questions - Essay Example

Going by globalization, consumers do have access to a wider range of goods and services. Globalization allows the MNCs and countries to produce goods at most competitive prices by allowing for the usage of inputs from diverse sources. Globalization also enables the nations and MNCs to have access to wider markets. In an international context, globalization ushers in harmony and coexistence amongst varied nations. It allows the businesses, inventors and entrepreneurs to access much greater opportunities for manufacturing and investment.

Globalization allows for the management of business fluctuations like the rise in the prices of food items in any country by making way for the pooling of production from diverse sources. Yet, this in no way means that globalization has everything good associated with it. Globalization also has its disadvantages. Considering the fact that globalization allows for a sharing of markets and resources, this may lead to the stifling of growth and development in the undeveloped nations or small local companies by more developed nations or stronger MNCs.

Globalization has also allowed for the integration of world markets. A direct consequence of this is the spreading of economic fluctuations in one country to the other countries and economies dependant on it. For instance, the recent housing bubble bust and the ensuing recession in the USA soon spread to Europe and many developing Asian economies. In a pragmatic context, as globalization involves exchange of people and resources amongst nations, it could lead to a spread of communicable diseases and pests from one nation to other.

The mad cow epidemic in Europe soon impacted the beef consumption around the world, thereby impacting the beef producers at a global level. Globalization has made the markets more competitive. Hence, the big MNCs having ample resources at their disposal may suppress the rise of smaller local companies. Globalization is a process allowing the sharing of resources, technologies, cultures and ideas and hence it has its merits and demerits. 2. The advantages and disadvantages of centralized and customized decision making are to a great extent dependant on the organizational structure of an institution or organization and the qualities inherent in it.

In a centralized organization, it is the top managers who take all the important decisions without soliciting any inputs from below. Centralized decision making is mostly opted for by such companies who wish to consolidate the power and decision making at the top level. Companies opt for centralized decision making owing to varied reasons. For instance if the CEO of a specific company harbors a specific visions and intends to keep it pure and in consonance with one’s perceptions, one will centralize the decision making functions so as to retain as much control over the company as possible.

Vatican is an apt example of an institution that is given to centralized decision making. Centralized decision making also helps the companies that are facing a crisis and hence desire to be led by one decision making source to ensure stability. However, centralized decision making is of little advantage in a company which has a smart and diversified work force and that operates in multiple markets. As in a centralized decision making framework, the entire power is consolidated with the top management, this could jeopardize the stability of a company if the top management fails owing to losing touch with the ground realities. In