PROJECTS & SYSTEMS THEORY - Assignment Example

Von Bertalanffy (1962, 12) adds that the systems theory is fundamentally based on the notion of system interactions. The concept of system can also be drawn back to Aristotle claims who believed that knowledge is built when one understands the whole and not the single parts. Since the systems theory have proven to apply to many disciplines, most scientists have struggled to shift from the notion of whole to part, in order to capture the particular systems that run the world in different disciplines.

Research shows that a number of scholars and authors have adopted the system analysis in describing organizations in relation to their environments. Burns and Stalker (1961, 81) argues that visualizing organizations as systems enables management and marketing. Notable scientists that have developed the systems theory include William Rowan Hamilton. Hamilton (2000, 230) developed the theory focusing on the system of rays in physics. He states that a system of light rays is a collection of lines, which are connected by a common bond and have similar points of origin.

When the rays diverge from a source, they compose an optical system, and, when they are reflected on a mirror, they form another system. Hamilton ideas are essential in describing the systems theory that encompasses the aspects of a super system, systems and sub-systems. Hamilton (1997, 35) argues that it is important to integrate the parts of a problem in order to understand the systems theory as a whole as well as the interdependency of these parts. Tien and Berg (2003, 23) defines systems theory as the way of studying any system as a whole instead of the individual parts.

Therefore, a system is the group of individual system components that work together to achieve certain goals and objectives. In order to understand and appreciate the systems theory, it is important to learn the components of the