True and False - Scholarship Essay Example

WORK/ESSAY QUESTIONS Here Here 4 July, 2007 How is opinion differentfrom truth An opinion is an unjustified idea, while a truth is a justified idea, it is an absolute concept. An opinion needs further justification to be true based on different given condition. On the other hand, truth is already accepted as a norm which could not be changed. Can something be both true and false at the same time and in the same respect Explain your answer. No, nothing can be both true and false at the same time and in the same respect. True only refers to facts that correspond to the reality. False is the opposite of these facts, and any negation of the truth will become false. In logic True and False will always be False, False and False will always be false, true and true will always be true. What makes one opinion better than another To rate the credibility of an opinion, it should be measured in terms of how it conform to its subject or object. Any opinion should be evaluated both objectively and subjectively so that we could identify if opinion is in coherence with reality. Is objective truth the same as knowledge Explain your answer No, it is because truth does not easily change. But knowledge changes as a product of observations. The continuing evolution of knowledge itself leads to the discoveries of truth. Knowledge is what has been discovered, but the real truth is yet to be discovered. Everyone has a right to their own opinion. Does that mean everyone is right about the opinion they choose to have Explain your answer. It does not mean that any opinion is right, but any opinion is to be accepted for the purpose of arriving to conclusion about any arguments. Everybody has the freedom to express their own opinion but should be corrected if their opinion does not conform to the reality. The right to express an opinion should not be abused by just letting anybody claim any faulty opinion as a right opinion. How does philosophy differ from science Philosophy is a branch of science itself. Philosophy deals with deeper understanding of any subject or object of its study by looking at it both subjectively and objectively. It is defined as a love of wisdom. It is not just observing the visible qualities of an object, but also looking at its inner nature, its relationship to the things around it, the reason of its existence. Philosophy is more deeper than other branches of science. What are the basic skills one is suppose to develop in school, that is, in kindergarten through the twelfth grade During these levels of study, one has to develop basic communication and analytical skills. Everyone should learn how to communicate effectively with the persons around them, learn the different forms of communication, and basic problem solving skills. What is the basic purpose of education The basic purpose of education is to educate everybody on how to deal properly with the different situations in life. Theories of different situations that commonly encountered by man are introduced for them to have a firm background or understanding of what, when, where, how these situation will likely occurs and the common ways of dealing with it properly. Giving sufficient education helps prevents problems from getting worst, or be prevented from happening itself. What is a right What are the two sources of all right Right is the legal or moral entitlement to do or refrain from doing something or to obtain or refrain from obtaining an action, thing or recognition in civil society1. Under what conditions would you be persuaded to change your mind about anything Explain your answer. Our decisions are greatly affected by things that we perceive on an actual experience. We deal with different decision making phase by making decision which we believe is right for us at the given situation. Sometimes decisions were made promptly as caused by panic, which comes out from our subjective evaluation of the situation. The impact of any occurrence of any single event in our life will likely persuade us to change our mind. A good decision maker does not just make decision immediately, and it will evaluate it first in a subjective and objective manner. Is there any connection between justice and basic human rights Explain your answer. Justice and basic human rights are connected to each other in a manner that basic human rights are created to make justice prevail for all individuals. Justice means fairness, these basic human rights are formulated as set of rules imposed by government laws to help maintain fairness for everybody who are enjoying their rights, and to limit the enjoyment of these rights when the enjoyment of the certain right could harm other individual around, or the one enjoying the right itself. How did major philosopher define law What categories of goods ought to be included in the "common good." These goods are the basic needs of an individual such as food, shelter, clothing, education, rights, and different types of support such as medical support at times of illness, emotional support at times of emotional crisis, financial support at times of financial crisis, and anything that makes any individual enjoy life to its fullest. Why do we call common goods "common" We call it common goods because it is for the good of the common individual living in a community. It is not just a need of a single, two or three individual from a group of individual in the community, but the need of the entire individual as member of the community. True of false. Truth and belief are the same thing. False, some beliefs do not conform to the reality, like superstitious beliefs. On the other hand, truth is the reality itself. Why are critical learning skills essential to learning Critical thinking skill is essential to learning because it will help individuals evaluate different situations they encounter. Evaluation of situation does not only require things to be evaluated the way it is perceived, but further requires a deeper understanding of that situation. Learning is a continuing process and we learn new things by using our critical learning skills to evaluate the previous knowledge learned from previous experiences. True or False, The only truths are scientific truths. False, not all things can be justified scientifically. Scientific findings itself cannot be 100% accurate. True or False, Knowledge is knowing that something is true, Understanding is knowing why it is true. True, and it follows that knowledge is also knowing why something is false. Why is the analysis of thinking important Analyzing our different thoughts is important so that we could evaluate any given idea or situation. The purpose of thinking is to seek for the best decisions for actions that we need to perform. Once the possible solutions are found, it is through analytical thinking that we could choose the best solution among the solutions you have found, thereby, making the action more effective. Information consists of what Information is consists of proofs or analysis on given raw facts or sets of data. Information is defined as a processed data. Therefore the deliverables such as findings on observation to given data which we call the proofs composes any given information. What are intellectual standards Intellectual standards are sets of rules use to evaluate an individual's reasoning level. These rules make all reasoning work successful. Anybody who conforms to intellectual standards receives greater appreciation in the field of observations and research. What does it mean to internalize intellectual standards To internalize intellectual standards is to fully adhere with real essence of the formulation of intellectual standards. To follow the standard at all times of any decision making and logical reasoning phase, especially when conveying someone to believe your conclusion. What are the elements of thought The elements of thoughts are required to be more effective in reasoning: Information or sets of data, purpose of thinking or objective, points of view, question at issue or problem, concepts or theories/laws, assumptions, consequences & implications, and interpretation & inference or conclusion2. Why is clarity important in either written or spoken communication Clarity is important in all forms of communication so that the purpose of the communication will be delivered to the target receiver in a manner they could easily understand. Faulty communication has proven disadvantages. To avoid faulty communication, information should be displayed clearly. What are some obstacles to clarity There are many obstacles to clarity. In oral communication, the way it is delivered affects the clarity of the information, proper intonation & pronunciation, body language, gestures, and facial expressions are some factors that affect the clarity of an oral communication. In written communication, some factors that helps provide clarity are filtered. Proper use of punctuation marks should be used, therefore, faulty placement of punctuation marks affect the clarity of a communication. In observations, the tools use to conduct the observation should be considered so that the observation could be performed at an optimized form. What is an assumption Give an example of one assumption you made today. Assumption is any form of presumed idea or hypothesis. It is an intelligent guess of the occurrence of things that an individual believe will happen. What questions should you ask yourself to determine the relevance of something What is the essence of its existence What is its relationship with the things around it What are the good or bad things we could get from it True or false. Learning essentially means memorizing. False, it does not necessarily mean that to learn is to memorize things. Learning is doing deeper understanding of what is observed, and how the observation could be used in different situations. Familiarized the idea based on how you understand it, rather than memorizing the idea the way it is given in its original form. True or false. The quality of your thinking is frequently indicated by the quality of your questions. True by viewing it subjectively. We should consider that when measuring the quality of an individual's idea, we realize that different individuals have different learning experiences. Thinking is limited to what an individual had learned during his previous experiences. Our questions normally came out because of how we associate our knowledge of previous experiences with the actual situation. But the fact itself that if the question is beyond the level of an individual's understanding, we could see that the person giving the question is exceptional. We normally associated this idea to individuals who are good in argumentation. But objectively, it will be false, because the quality of question will be based on the entire nature of individual who is giving the question. Therefore, all questions are of same quality when viewed objectively. True or false. Reading for understanding requires an active and a questioning mind. True, this is reading comprehension. One must not only read, but should also evaluate what he/she is reading. Curiosity is the source of new knowledge. When any individual tries to critic another person's work, he/she is using active questioning. With an active and questioning mind, the essence of reading will be emphasized. The more an individual will understand what he is reading when his/her mind is doing an interaction with the text he is reading through making questions and seeking for its answers. Essay #1. Having read the Declaration of Independence and the preamble to the Constitution of the United States, write an essay explaining where essentially the government gets its power, and explain in what two general ways it can abuse its power by acting unjustly toward the people. The government of United States gets its power from the entire People of the United States of America. It is not just proposed by a single state, but by all state, disregarding its wideness or popularity. It serves as a bond that ties several states as one to preserve the value of liberty for all individuals. In the preamble itself, it is the people who ordained and established the constitution. Is there really a participation of the people in the formulation of these laws Majority of laws were formulated by those great philosophers who believes they have better knowledge over other people. They are assuming the rights of the common people to participate in the formulation of laws. When they are asked, of course they will deny the issue. The will only give promises to the people where in fact the laws they are formulating are greatly influenced by the voices of those who will benefit the law to a point that they also will benefit. Most laws are enjoyed by businesses, only those common laws are enjoyed by common people. They seemed very strict, but the reality is they are always implemented with "under the table transactions." Another point is, it is the right of any individual of United States of America to enjoy justice, secure welfare, protection, and union with one another with equality. Therefore, if the people who are in-charge of imposing the laws are not following the law itself, the application of the said law is an abuse to the people. Injustice usually occurs in countries where people are ignorant of their own rights. So that people will not be ignorant of its own right, it is the rule of the government to promote the understanding of the law to all its citizens. Often times, the law is effective only to those who can afford to buy the law. In court cases, proceedings of case hearings is faster when the involve parties are influential people of the society. On the other hand, it takes long case proceedings when the complainant belongs to the low level of the society. Where is justice on these situations It seems like the law enforcers are not giving due respect to the people who ordained the law. They only remember these people during election campaigns and then neglected once they are already in their desired position. If these law enforcers will enforce these laws in equality, and let people participate in the formulation of these laws, then the essence of ordaining the constitution will be realized and everybody will enjoy the benefits stated in the preamble of the constitution. Let the common people's voice be heard. Essay #2. Write an essay explaining what Socrates meant when he said "The unexamined life is not worth living." In order to live a good and fulfilling life what values does one need to examine Explain why. For Socrates, unexamined life is a life lived in ignorance. On the other hand, examined life is a life free from ignorance and had lived with the truth. I believe in the philosophy of Socrates. We should fully understand every aspect of life. It is everybody's experience where happiness is found after realization of something. One has found happiness after discovering the existence of love. Some had successful works after choosing the fields which is suitable for them. Science had made amazing success after exploring the existence of many things that leads to famous discoveries. It is always the discovery of a hidden truth that will set us free from being held by ignorance, it is examining every aspect of life. For us to fully examine our life, we must learn to understand our inner traits, our positive and negative behaviors, our thoughts, motives, actions, and must learn to open ourselves to every experiences for us to learn and acquire the wisdom that we all long to have. In every day, we always encounter different situations, some are common, and some are not. We always find it hard to deal with uncommon situation, and it is during these moments that the importance of examining the situation will be realized as an aspect of life. If we fully examined our life, we could live a happy and healthy life. Essay #3. Write an essay explaining what Carl Rogers meant by a fully functional person. Do you think you should incorporate those qualities (be specific) in your own life Why or why not According to Carl Rogers, the fully functional person is fully open to his experiences. Man is born with inner ability that he could use to deal with different situation in life. Rogers has a theory named person-centered theory. This proposes that individuals moves towards self actualization through growth, process, and change. In self centered therapy, man is presented with an environment and stimulus that could drive him toward self actualization.3 We should have to discover our dignity and worth, our good behavior, teach ourselves to adjust properly in every experience, and become a trustworthy being. If we will study the life in prison, we could discover many reasons how prisoners had entered this kind of life. But the conclusion, not any one of them chooses to have that kind of life. They are just victims of the ignorance of dealing with their different experiences, because they lack the knowledge on how to deal with it properly. If they had just fully understood their inner qualities to the fullest, they should have provided ways to prevent them from committing crimes (except those convicted without justice). The moment they came out of the prison, some may have changed, and some may had realized the importance of their life. It is a good idea that we should struggle towards self actualization. It is just examining our life, discovering the truth that will become useful to us. Read More