Nutritional Evaluation of Kurt Manning - Case Study Example

Nutritional Evaluation Essay of Kurt Manning Nutritional Evaluation Essay of Kurt Manning Titus Rock Manickam Order No. 198125 23 December 2007 Nutritional Evaluation Essay of Kurt Manning Part A Anthropometric Data Using a body composition machine the athletes body fat and lean tissue mass was calculated, the athlete laid down flat on the ground and two electrodes clipped onto the right foot and right hand the athletes age weight, height was entered in and then a current sent through the body to give the results below Athletes name: Kurt Manning, Age: 23, Weight: 87kg, Height 164 cm, plays basketball competitively, works 9-5 as electrician Mon-Fri, Basketball practice Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, Gym: Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. Kurt's dietary intake on Thursday, Friday and Saturday is given as below: THURSDAY Personal Diet List Food Item Number of Servings Serving Size Total grams MARGARINE-SOFT-CORN(HYDR) 1 1 oz 28.35 grams CHOCOLATE FLAVOR BEVERAGE MIX -POWDER 2.5 1 oz 70.875 grams BREAD-WHOLE-WHEAT-COMMERCIALLY PREPARED 2 1 oz 56.7 grams SPICES-THYME-GROUND 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams SOUP-BEEF BROTH-BOUILLION -&CONSOME-PREP W/EQ VOL WATER -COMMERCIAL 2 1 oz 56.7 grams SPICES-PEPPER-BLACK 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams SALT-TABLE 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams SPICES-PEPPER-BLACK 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams CUCUMBER-RAW 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams ONIONS-SPRING (INCLUDES TOPS AND BULB) -RAW 2 1 oz 56.7 grams TOMATOES-RED-RIPE-CKD -STEWED 5 1 oz 141.75 grams LETTUCE-LOOSELEAF-RAW 3 1 oz 85.05 grams OIL-OLIVE-SALAD OR COOKING 2 1 oz 56.7 grams PEAS-GREEN-RAW 1 1 oz 28.35 grams WILD RICE-RAW 0 1 oz 0 grams CORN-SWEET-WHITE-CKD -BOILED-DRAINED-W/SALT 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams PIZZA HUT CAVATINI PASTA 5 1 oz 141.75 grams TOMATOES-RED-RIPE-CND -WHOLE-REG PK 2 1 oz 56.7 grams BANANAS-RAW 1 1 oz 28.35 grams BANANAS-RAW 3 1 oz 85.05 grams SWEETS-SUGARS-BROWN 2 1 oz 56.7 grams ONIONS-RAW 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams MILK-COW-LOW SODIUM-WHOLE -PAST & RAW-FLUID 700 1 oz 19845 grams WATER-MUNICIPAL 3000 1 oz 85050 grams Analysis Results Nutrient Total Rec. %Rec Calories 14024.46 2300 609.76% Pro (g) 646.3 36 1795.28% Fat (g) 791.52 76.67 1032.37% Carb (g) 1155.79 -- Na (mg) 10745.23 2400 447.72% vitA (IU) 31263.4 5000 625.27% vitC (mg) 263.9 45 586.44% satF (g) 444.29 25.56 1738.22% Chol (mg) 2781.14 300 927.05% Replace up to half the fat and calories from oils, butter, margarine and cheeses with Z TRIM FAT REPLACEMENT GEL and preserve your recipe's taste while reducing fat and calories Display individual nutrients for selections Food 1 MARGARINE-SOFT-CORN(HYDR) 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 2 CHOCOLATE FLAVOR BEVERAGE MIX -POWDER 2.5::1 oz::70.875 grams Food 3 BREAD-WHOLE-WHEAT-COMMERCIALLY PREPARED 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 4 SPICES-THYME-GROUND 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 5 SOUP-BEEF BROTH-BOUILLION -&CONSOME-PREP W/EQ VOL WATER -COMMERCIAL 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 6 SPICES-PEPPER-BLACK 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 7 SALT-TABLE 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 8 SPICES-PEPPER-BLACK 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 9 CUCUMBER-RAW 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 10 ONIONS-SPRING (INCLUDES TOPS AND BULB) -RAW 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 11 TOMATOES-RED-RIPE-CKD -STEWED 5::1 oz::141.75 grams Food 12 LETTUCE-LOOSELEAF-RAW 3::1 oz::85.05 grams Food 13 OIL-OLIVE-SALAD OR COOKING 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 14 PEAS-GREEN-RAW 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 15 WILD RICE-RAW 0::1 oz::0 grams Food 16 CORN-SWEET-WHITE-CKD -BOILED-DRAINED-W/SALT 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 17 PIZZA HUT CAVATINI PASTA 5::1 oz::141.75 grams Food 18 TOMATOES-RED-RIPE-CND -WHOLE-REG PK 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 19 BANANAS-RAW 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 20 BANANAS-RAW 3::1 oz::85.05 grams Food 21 SWEETS-SUGARS-BROWN 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 22 ONIONS-RAW 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 23 MILK-COW-LOW SODIUM-WHOLE -PAST & RAW-FLUID 700::1 oz::19845 grams Food 24 WATER-MUNICIPAL 3000::1 oz::85050 grams FRIDAY Personal Diet List Food Item Number of Servings Serving Size Total grams BOOST-BAR; CHOCOLATE CRUNCH 1 1 oz 28.35 grams OIL-OLIVE-SALAD OR COOKING 1 1 oz 28.35 grams BANANAS-RAW 1 1 oz 28.35 grams MILK-COW-DRY-WHOLE 400 1 oz 11340 grams WATER-MUNICIPAL 1700 1 oz 48195 grams VINEGAR-CIDER 0.75 1 oz 21.2625 grams PEAS-EDIBLE-PODDED-RAW 1 1 oz 28.35 grams CORN-SWEET-WHITE-CKD -BOILED-DRAINED-W/SALT 1 1 oz 28.35 grams PEPPERS-SWEET-RED-RAW 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams LETTUCE-COS OR ROMAINE -RAW 4 1 oz 113.4 grams LETTUCE-LOOSELEAF-RAW 2 1 oz 56.7 grams ONIONS-RAW 2 1 oz 56.7 grams TOMATOES-RED-RIPE-CND -WHOLE-REG PK 1 1 oz 28.35 grams SALAD DRESSING-KRAFT; CUCUMBER RANCH 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams CHICKEN-BROILERS OR FRYERS -THIGH-MEAT ONLY-COOKED -FRIED 6 1 oz 170.1 grams RICE-BROWN-LONG-GRAIN -COOKED 1 1 oz 28.35 grams PLANTAIN-COOKED 6 1 oz 170.1 grams BREAD-WHOLE-WHEAT-PREPARED FROM RECIPE 2 1 oz 56.7 grams PEANUTS-ALL TYPES-DRY -ROASTED-W/SALT 2 1 oz 56.7 grams GRAPES-EUROPEAN TYPE (ADHERENT SKIN) -RAW 20 1 oz 567 grams PEARS-RAW 1 1 oz 28.35 grams MCDONALD'S CRISPY CHICKEN DELUXE 10 1 oz 283.5 grams ORANGES-RAW-W/PEEL 1 1 oz 28.35 grams APPLES-RAW-W/SKIN 2 1 oz 56.7 grams ORANGE DRINK-BREAKFAST TYPE -W/ JUICE & PULP-PREP WITH WATER FROM FRZ 200 1 oz 5670 grams CEREAL-BASIC 4 4 1 oz 113.4 grams Analysis Results Nutrient Total Rec. %Rec Calories 61968.24 2900 2136.84% Pro (g) 3110.57 61 5099.3% Fat (g) 3160.02 96.67 3268.87% Carb (g) 5408.37 -- Na (mg) 47313.76 2400 1971.41% vitA (IU) 114045.97 5000 2280.92% vitC (mg) 4309.19 90 4787.99% satF (g) 1920.91 32.22 5961.86% Chol (mg) 11246.54 300 3748.85% Replace up to half the fat and calories from oils, butter, margarine and cheeses with Z TRIM FAT REPLACEMENT GEL and preserve your recipe's taste while reducing fat and calories Display individual nutrients for selections Food 1 BOOST-BAR; CHOCOLATE CRUNCH 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 2 OIL-OLIVE-SALAD OR COOKING 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 3 BANANAS-RAW 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 4 MILK-COW-DRY-WHOLE 400::1 oz::11340 grams Food 5 WATER-MUNICIPAL 1700::1 oz::48195 grams Food 6 VINEGAR-CIDER 0.75::1 oz::21.2625 grams Food 7 PEAS-EDIBLE-PODDED-RAW 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 8 CORN-SWEET-WHITE-CKD -BOILED-DRAINED-W/SALT 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 9 PEPPERS-SWEET-RED-RAW 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 10 LETTUCE-COS OR ROMAINE -RAW 4::1 oz::113.4 grams Food 11 LETTUCE-LOOSELEAF-RAW 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 12 ONIONS-RAW 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 13 TOMATOES-RED-RIPE-CND -WHOLE-REG PK 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 14 SALAD DRESSING-KRAFT; CUCUMBER RANCH 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 15 CHICKEN-BROILERS OR FRYERS -THIGH-MEAT ONLY-COOKED -FRIED 6::1 oz::170.1 grams Food 16 RICE-BROWN-LONG-GRAIN -COOKED 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 17 PLANTAIN-COOKED 6::1 oz::170.1 grams Food 18 BREAD-WHOLE-WHEAT-PREPARED FROM RECIPE 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 19 PEANUTS-ALL TYPES-DRY -ROASTED-W/SALT 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 20 GRAPES-EUROPEAN TYPE (ADHERENT SKIN) -RAW 20::1 oz::567 grams Food 21 PEARS-RAW 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 22 MCDONALD'S CRISPY CHICKEN DELUXE 10::1 oz::283.5 grams Food 23 ORANGES-RAW-W/PEEL 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 24 APPLES-RAW-W/SKIN 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 25 ORANGE DRINK-BREAKFAST TYPE -W/ JUICE & PULP-PREP WITH WATER FROM FRZ 200::1 oz::5670 grams Food 26 CEREAL-BASIC 4 4::1 oz::113.4 grams SATURDAY Personal Diet List Food Item Number of Servings Serving Size Total grams ASPARAGUS-RAW 4 1 oz 113.4 grams PEAS-GREEN-RAW 1 1 oz 28.35 grams CORN-SWEET-WHITE-CKD -BOILED-DRAINED-W/SALT 1 1 oz 28.35 grams PEAS-GREEN-RAW 1 1 oz 28.35 grams TACO BELL HOME ORIGINALS TACO SEASONING MIX 1 1 oz 28.35 grams SALT-TABLE 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams SPICES-THYME-GROUND 0.5 1 oz 14.175 grams SOUP-BEEF BROTH-BOUILLION -&CONSOME-PREP W/EQ VOL WATER -COMMERCIAL 2 1 oz 56.7 grams RICE-WHITE-LONG-GRAIN -PARBOILED-COOKED-UNENRICHED 2 1 oz 56.7 grams FINFISH-SALMON-CHUM-COOKED -DRY HEAT 1 1 oz 28.35 grams BOOST-POWDER; HIGH PROTEIN; VANILLA; PREP W/ H2O 3 1 oz 85.05 grams BANANAS-RAW 2 1 oz 56.7 grams KRAFT 100% GRATED ROMANO CHEESE 1 1 oz 28.35 grams POTATOES-BAKED-SKIN-W/SALT 1 1 oz 28.35 grams SHERBET-ORANGE 400 1 oz 11340 grams ONIONS-RAW 2.25 1 oz 63.7875 grams MUSHROOMS-SHIITAKE-COOKED -W/SALT 4 1 oz 113.4 grams FINFISH-MACKEREL-KING -COOKED-DRY HEAT 3 1 oz 85.05 grams BEANS-REFRIED-CANNED 8 1 oz 226.8 grams MARGARINE-SOFT-CORN(HYDR) 4 1 oz 113.4 grams BREAD-PITA-WHITE-UNENRICHED 3 1 oz 85.05 grams BREAD-WHOLE-WHEAT-COMMERCIALLY PREPARED 2 1 oz 56.7 grams EGGS-CHICKEN-WHOLE-CKD -HARD-BOILED 2 1 oz 56.7 grams ORANGE JUICE-CANNED-UNSWEETENED 200 1 oz 5670 grams WATER-MUNICIPAL 2000 1 oz 56700 grams e Analysis Results Nutrient Total Rec. %Rec Calories 20861.6 2900 719.37% Pro (g) 270.14 61 442.85% Fat (g) 351.9 96.67 364.02% Carb (g) 4288.12 -- Na (mg) 19108.88 2400 796.20% vitA (IU) 30678.53 5000 613.57% vitC (mg) 2276.88 90 2529.87% satF (g) 167.22 32.22 518.99% Chol (mg) 1163.05 300 387.68% Replace up to half the fat and calories from oils, butter, margarine and cheeses with Z TRIM FAT REPLACEMENT GEL and preserve your recipe's taste while reducing fat and calories Display individual nutrients for selections Food 1 ASPARAGUS-RAW 4::1 oz::113.4 grams Food 2 PEAS-GREEN-RAW 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 3 CORN-SWEET-WHITE-CKD -BOILED-DRAINED-W/SALT 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 4 PEAS-GREEN-RAW 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 5 TACO BELL HOME ORIGINALS TACO SEASONING MIX 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 6 SALT-TABLE 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 7 SPICES-THYME-GROUND 0.5::1 oz::14.175 grams Food 8 SOUP-BEEF BROTH-BOUILLION -&CONSOME-PREP W/EQ VOL WATER -COMMERCIAL 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 9 RICE-WHITE-LONG-GRAIN -PARBOILED-COOKED-UNENRICHED 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 10 FINFISH-SALMON-CHUM-COOKED -DRY HEAT 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 11 BOOST-POWDER; HIGH PROTEIN; VANILLA; PREP W/ H2O 3::1 oz::85.05 grams Food 12 BANANAS-RAW 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 13 KRAFT 100% GRATED ROMANO CHEESE 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 14 POTATOES-BAKED-SKIN-W/SALT 1::1 oz::28.35 grams Food 15 SHERBET-ORANGE 400::1 oz::11340 grams Food 16 ONIONS-RAW 2.25::1 oz::63.7875 grams Food 17 MUSHROOMS-SHIITAKE-COOKED -W/SALT 4::1 oz::113.4 grams Food 18 FINFISH-MACKEREL-KING -COOKED-DRY HEAT 3::1 oz::85.05 grams Food 19 BEANS-REFRIED-CANNED 8::1 oz::226.8 grams Food 20 MARGARINE-SOFT-CORN(HYDR) 4::1 oz::113.4 grams Food 21 BREAD-PITA-WHITE-UNENRICHED 3::1 oz::85.05 grams Food 22 BREAD-WHOLE-WHEAT-COMMERCIALLY PREPARED 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 23 EGGS-CHICKEN-WHOLE-CKD -HARD-BOILED 2::1 oz::56.7 grams Food 24 ORANGE JUICE-CANNED-UNSWEETENED 200::1 oz::5670 grams Food 25 WATER-MUNICIPAL 2000::1 oz::56700 grams How to make your food healthier After years of research and development, finally there is a solution to managing your weight without dieting, exercising or giving up the foods you love. 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Thursday Friday Saturday (gm) (gm) (gm) Carbohydrates 1,155.79 5,408.37 4,288.12 Fats 791.52 3,160.02 351.90 Protein 646.30 3,110.57 270.14 Vitamin C 263.90 4,309.19 2,276.88 Calcium -- -- -- Iron -- -- -- Daily Calculator Day/ Resting Inactivity Very Light Light Moderate Heavy kcal Activity Exercise Exercise Exercise Thursday 9 1 5 2 6 1 4680.2 Friday 10 2 5 1 5 1 4288.7 Saturday 13 3 4 1 3 0 3377.8 According to Nat Version 2.0, Kurt Mannings energy expenditures are: 4780.2 kcal (Thursday), 4288.7 kcal (Friday), and 3377.8 kcal (Saturday). These are to be seen as against the daily energy expenditure of 2882.25 kcal provided in the instruction by the formula: 655 + (13.7 x W) + (5 x H) - (6.8 x A) 1.5 = 2882.25, W=Weight in kg H=Height in cm A=Age. The kcal mentioned under each day is relevant for the amount of time spent in the total activities comprising rest, inactivity, very light activity, light exercise, moderate exercise and heavy exercise. Dietary Evaluation The field of sports is now essentially dependent on fitness. For a person to achieve any degree of success, it is mandatory that he or she pay maximum attention to fitness, agility and dietary intake. While fitness and agility can be maintained through practice and concentration, diet comprise the type of food taken, the time it is taken, and its relevance to the type of game the sportsperson is engaged in. Kurt Manning, aged 23, weighing 87 kilos, and standing 164 cm tall, plays basket ball. His food intake on Thursday, Friday and Saturday are stated above, along with their nutritional values. The evaluation is based on the 1991 COMA Report on Dietary Reference Value (DRV), which is scientifically more sound and comprehensive than its earlier reports. The COMA Report has recommended the Recommended Daily Intake (RDI) and Recommended Daily Amounts (RDA). The Expert Working Committee that formed the panel and brought about the 1991 COMA report found no single criterion to define requirements for all nutrients, so the recommendations are based upon reliable experimental, associations and epidemiological data. For most nutrients, the panel found insufficient data to establish any of these DRVs with absolute confidence. Thus hypothetical judgments have been made due to the uncertainties relating to the appropriate parameter by which to assess the requirement and the questionable accuracy of dietary intake data. These recommendations apply to groups and individuals. If groups, the RDI and RDA apply to individuals in such a way that the intake of each individual goes to benefit the group as a whole. Background The game of basketball involves a great deal of mobility, agility and vision. The continuous movements of running, dodging, dribbling keeps the body under constant pressure affecting the body joints, leg muscles, ankles, knee joints and the hip bones, and the heart valves as well. The ankle is the main part to be watched because that is the place the maximum injury resulting from twists, turns and pressures take place. (John Schuhmann, Stay in the game). Internally, the heart condition needs to be properly and regularly monitored along with coronary arteries for its adaptability and endurance in relation to the different environment and weather conditions which affect the heart beats. (D. Levine and P.D. Thompson, ScienceWeek, Medical Biology: On Disease in Marathon Runners, E:Medical Biology on Disease in Marathon Runners.htm). Kurt's job requirements keep him physically occupied for 4-5 hours/day. He also spends about two hours driving his car, so this naturally keeps his eyes moving and in a state of mental alertness. His dietary intake varies between 3200 to 4700 kcals, so he is actually consuming a lot more calories than is necessary. How this impacts his physique, mind and game needs to be analyzed appropriately through a competent sports doctor. Kurt's Profile Kurt is an athlete, aged 23, weighs 87 kg, and stands 164 cm tall. He plays basketball competitively, and is an electrician. His normal day starts at 6-7 am when he begins with half an hour of music and exercises of sit ups, push ups and chip ups. This done, he spends another hour bathing, dressing up, having breakfast and preparing lunch. He then drives to his workplace which takes another hour. He works 9 to 5 moving heavy materials, wiring, cabling, rewiring, and chasing. His takes half an hour lunch break at 12.30 pm which he spends in his car while listening to music. He also takes two short ten minutes break before and after lunch at 10.30 am and 15.10 pm. He then completes the rest of the work, tidies up the worksite, and is ready to close shop at 17.00 hours. He visits the gym thereafter on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. On Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, at 17.30, he drives down to practice basketball. After a ten minutes warm-up, he trains for close to two hours. He then drives home at 20.00 hours, has his bath and dinner, and goes to sleep at about 22.00 hours. Kurt's anthropometric and dietary data and daily energy expenditure have been calculated using Nat version 2.0 and entering his daily intake of food and liquid. From this data, the components of carbohydrates, fats, protein, and vitamin C were analyzed. Nat version 2.0 does not have provision for calculation of iron and calcium contents. At the end of entering the daily intake, the analysis results were evaluated as shown in the software. The analysis results also display nutrient value of individual food item. The software also contains a daily calculator which shows approximately the amount of energy burned up by the body during the day. Kurt's intake of carbohydrates/fats/proteins/vitamin C for Thursday, Friday and Saturday are 1155.79/791.52/646.3/263.9, 5408.37/3160.02/5110.57/4309.19 and 4288.12/351.19/270.14/ 2276.88. By ratio this works out to carbohydrates/fats/proteins/vitamin C for Thursday is 40:28:23:9, for Friday 34:20:19:27, and for Saturday 60:5:4:30. Kurt's intake of carbohydrates has to be balanced with the activity level of the day. The amount of carbohydrates intake must be consistent with the activity level, that is, the amount of training and exercise performed during the day and dependent on the frequency, intensity and duration of training and exercise. Obviously, the intake has to be on a higher level from Monday through Friday because he is exercising at the gym or practicing basketball. The level could drop on Saturday and Sunday. A balanced intake of carbohydrates ensures good body tissues, repair of broken tissues, and makes strong immune system. (Current Concepts in Sports Nutrition). Protein and vitamin C contents help in building of new body tissues and new proteins required for the body and in injuries healing fast. Mineral zinc is also a good healing source and could be found in roasted pumpkin and sunflower seeds. (Readers' Digest. The Doctors Book of Home Remedies). Kurt's activities tire him to such an extent that sometimes he hits the bed without proper dietary intake before sleeping. It is recommended that he cut down on gym and practice time by half an hour so that he is able to relax an hour listening to music or watching television after consuming his supper. He may then hit the bed. Proposed diet plan for Kurt At 23 and standing 164 cm tall, Kurt is in great shape. However, he must reduce weight from 87 kilos to 75 kilos. Basketball can do with a good, average weight, but excess pounds have to be shed with a careful eye on dietary intake. A good way to begin reducing is by raising the consumption of sparkling plain water, or water added to lucozade. That is, begin by mixing lucozade and water in the ratio of 75:25 and continue to bring the ratio down to 50:50. Try lowering weight by one pound each week. Also, Kurt's calories intake is in excess and adding water to lucozade, fruit juice and other food to which water could be easily added is bound to help bring down calories level and body weight. Kurt also has to begin with a regimen of breathing and stretching exercises to tone up the lungs and heart muscles. To begin with, the exercises may be performed five minutes daily, and gradually increased to 15 minutes over two to three weeks time For more details on body management, there is lot of good information available on iVillage Total Health, http://yourtotalhealth.ivillage.com/diet-fitness/35-one-minute-weight-loss-secrets.html. Computer for Planning, Coordination and Research Lastly, a personal computer for training purposes is the in thing and extremely useful to set daily routine exercise and training programs. The computer not only aids in working out daily and weekly schedules, but also serve to bring about behavioral and attitudinal changes necessary for searching and improving emotions and actions right up to the micro level, ultimately adding up to a tremendous amount of peak performance. (Chris Creed, Using Computational Agents to Motivate Diet Change). Source: 1) Committee on Medical Aspect of Diet (1991) Dietary Reference Values for Food, Energy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom. Report on Health and Social Subjects NO. 41. London, HMSO. 2) Hunt P, Hillsdon M (1996) Changing Eating and Exercise Behaviour. A Handbook for Professionals. Blackwell Science. 3) Maughan RJ, Burke LM, Coyle EF (2004) Foods, Nutrition and Sports Performance II. The International Olympic Committee Consensus on Sports Nutrition. Routledge. 4) Webb GP (2002) Nutrition: A Health Promotion Approach. Edward Arnold. 5) A Jeukendrup, M Gleeson(2004) Sport nutrition - an Introduction to energy Production and Performance. 6) John Schuhmann, Stay in the game, http://www.nba.com/inthegame. 7) D. Levine and P.D. Thompson, Science Week, Medical Biology: On Disease in Marathon Runners, E:Medical Biology on Disease in Marathon Runners.htm. 8) Current Concepts in Sports Nutrition, Department of Sports Nutrition, Australian Institute of Sports, http://www.ausport.gov.au/fulltext/2004/ascpub/CurrentConcepts.pdf. 9) Readers' Digest. The Doctors Book of Home Remedies, Rajendra Publishing House Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, page 527, copyright 1990 Rodale Press, Inc, Emmaus, PA, USA, ISBN 81-900279-5-6. 10) Chris Creed, Using Computational Agents to Motivate Diet Change, School of Computer Science, Birmingham University, http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/cpc/pt06.pdf. 11) iVillage Total Health, http://yourtotalhealth.ivillage.com/diet-fitness/35-one-minute-weight-loss-secrets.html. Read More