Cybernetics and Systems - Essay Example

These parts of the organization are called subsystems. Common elements of a typical manufacturing organization are Input - raw materials. Output - finished commodity. Throughput or Process - manufacturing.Feedback - customers' feedback.Control - quality assurance department.Environment - a state, location, city where the organization is situated. Goal - to produce goods and to get profit. There are also the following specific subsystems within a typical manufacturing organization: Human resourcesEquipmentBuildingsWorkflowsFinancesThese subsystems in their turn could be broken by parts.

Human resources consist of the CEO, top management, officers, workers (if any). Every person consists of a head, arms, legs, trunk, suit, and a tie (if any); so it also can be called a system. The equipment consists of lathes, production lines, computers, printers, scanners, coffee-machine and so on. Each piece of the equipment in its turn is a complex mechanism that consists of parts, so it also is a system. Buildings in a typical manufacturing organization consist of workshops, floors, windows, and elevators, so they are systems also.

Every room inside every building can be broken by parts also, so it also is a system. An organizational workflow is also a system because it consists of such parts as time and financial indicators and appointed resources. Moreover, each workflow has one more division: by inception phase, elaboration phase, construction phase, and transition phase. (Kroll and Kruchten, 2003, p.8) So the workflow as a system can be described in two dimensions. Finances are also a system consisting of debit, credit, income, costs, profit, and other indicators.

An open system can be influenced by events outside of the declared boundaries of a system. A closed system is self-contained: outside events can have no influence upon the system. Dynamic systems have components or flows or both, that change over time. (Wikipedia, n.d., para.5)According to this, a typical manufacturing organization is an open and dynamic system.