Vitamin D And Thyroid Gland - Research Paper Example

These lobes cover up the lower parts of larynx as well as upper trachea. Isthmus connected the two parts. In some individuals, thyroid tissues may extend from isthmus along midline. Generally, this extension shows the remnants of developing thyroglossal duct and known as Pyramidal lobes. In a normal adult, the weight of thyroid gland is 20- 25grams. Each lobe of this endocrine organ is 4cm long and 1 to 1.5 cm in width. The thickness of the lobe is also 1cm. Thyroid isthmus is attached to third tracheal circular ring by pre-tracheal fascia which is also called Berry’s Ligament.

This attachment is quite firm and allow the thyroid gland to have motion while tracheal elevation at the time of swallowing. The thyroid gland is present deep to the muscles present in neck. Carotid sheath is present on the side and deep to thyroid. Here different facial layers separated the two.The left side of the esophagus surrounds the surface of the left lobe of thyroid gland. parathyroid glands are present along each thyroid lobe. However, the location and number of parathyroid can vary and this proves frustrating for surgeons while operations.

As far as blood supplying for thyroid gland is concerned, this endocrine gland receives rich blood from thyroid arteries.Each tissue receives blood in grams which proves the highest flow for any organ present in the body. So, blood is supplied through superior and inferior arteries. The superior artery of thyroid is the very first branch of the outer carotid artery. On the other hand, inferior generates from thyro-cervical trunk.This inferior artery also provides upper and lower parathyroid glands.

Although thyroid has a pair of blood supplying arteries, however the venous outflows is done through veins that are three pairs. These veins are termed as superior, middle ones and inferior veins of the thyroid gland. The first two veins named superior and middle thyroid veins take blood back to interior jugular vein.