Improving Cognitive and Behavioral Skills and Practice Effective Behavioral Models - Assignment Example

How can Modern Behavioural Therapies Help a Client Accept the Uncertainty of Their Future? Table of Contents 0 Introduction 3 2.0 of Two Major Therapeutic Approaches 3 2.1 Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) 3 2.2 Rational-Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) 5 3.0 Comparing and Combining Both CBT and REBT Models 6 3.1 Psychoanalytical Perspective 7 3.2 Rehabilitation Measures 7 3.3 Significance of the Approaches 8 4.0 Analysing Differences between CBT and REBT 9 4.1 Terminological Differences 9 4.2 Psychotherapeutic Elements related Dissimilarities 10 4.3 Rehabilitation Practices of the Practitioners 10 5.0 Combining Psychoanalytical Approaches 11 5.1. Potentials of Therapeutic Relationship 12 5.2 Goal Setting Process in the CBT and REBT Approaches 13 5.3 Focusing on Present Condition 13 5.4 Short-Term and Goal Orientation 14 6.0 Conclusion 14 References 15 1.0 Introduction The practice of effective behavioural models has long been witnessed to play a crucial role towards improving cognitive and behavioural skills of any individual. It is in this context that the cognitive and behavioural models ensure to provide with adequate support to empower cognitive as well as behavioural skills of the individuals by a greater degree. Moreover, it can also be observed that various therapeutic educative models and approaches essentially provide an appropriate direction to individuals for improving their cognitive and behavioural characters by a large extent (Zinbarg & et. al, 2008). Therefore, with this concern, the paper intends to assess two major therapeutic orientations i.e. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and Rational-Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) along with discussing their roles and significance in developing the cognitive and behavioural skills of the individuals. The discussion of this essay also focuses on combining these therapeutic approaches in accordance with their roles and significance to improve the psychological understanding of the individuals in the modern day context. Moreover, the objective of this report extends to relate these therapeutic approaches and combine their significances in order to develop an effective fluid of therapeutic rehabilitation model with the aim of addressing psychological disturbances in human behaviour. 2.0 Description of Two Major Therapeutic Approaches 2.1 Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) The conception of human development is firmly rooted on different theories as well as researches that are highly focused on efficiently understanding the behavioural patterns of humans. In this context, the aspect of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) can be regarded as one of the major and most effective treatment processes, which tend to improve psychological capacity of individuals in accordance with their psychological position. CBT possesses range of experiential supports, which can facilitate the individuals to efficiently deal with their attitudinal and anxiety disorders efficiently (Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, 2007). From a critical perspective, the practice of CBT approach have been found as effective for individuals to reduce the level of anxiety and depressions associated with making appropriate balance between their personal and professional life. The treatment process of CBT provides adequate support to an individual, supporting him/her to deal with different sorts of problems or complexities relating to therapeutic aspects. The practice of effective set of CBT approach involves key features that can enable an individual to reduce depressive behavioural characteristics and other behavioural natures leading to different types of depressive behavioural traits. In various cases, it has also been identified that an effective deployment of CBT approach also helps to effectively deal with a certain type of behavioural nature of an individual that might create irritable act while interacting with other individuals. Therefore, the practice of an effective CBT approach can provide an easier way to the individuals for identifying the major factors that can broadly alter their behavioural attitudes. In this context, a situation or a problem is generally led by certain attributes such as physical feelings, thoughts, emotions and actions. Therefore, the breaking down of the problem into different parts can be considered as the major principle of CBT, which can facilitate an individual to effectively deal with depression or any type of mental disorder syndromes (Robertson, 2010). The basic concept of CBT can be fundamentally defined as an effective and most successful psychological therapy, which helps the individuals to manage different anxieties, changing their way of thinking and behavioural skills. The treatment process under CBT helps to manage problems effectively in a more optimistic manner and encourages individuals to examine actions affecting their thinking capability by a greater level (Justice Action, 2012). CBT can be apparently observed to play an imperative role for an individual when dealing with anxieties, post-traumatic stress disorders along with other depression related scenarios. The therapy generally involves the current problems, instead of reflecting the past issues of the individuals and seeks to focus on demonstrating practical techniques improving their state of mind on a regular basis (National Health Service, n.d). Therefore, it can be stated that CBT is an appropriate therapeutic approach of treatment when an individual is facing depression and anxiety due to his/her past experiences. 2.2 Rational-Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) Rational-Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) is principally based upon the perception of individual emotions and behaviours that generally result from different cognitive developments. According to the theoretical concept of REBT, the cognitive processes or developments can be modified by the individuals resulting in better development of their behavioural attitudes as well as feelings. The concept of REBT can be fundamentally described as an inclusive philosophical as well as empirical psychotherapy, which focuses on resolving various sorts of behavioural as well as emotional difficulties faced by the individuals. The concept was developed by a renowned psychotherapist, Albert Ellis, during the 1950s. According to Ellis, REBT involves different actions and situations, which tend to develop the cognitive behaviour of the individuals at large (Froggatt, 2005). The basic principles of REBT approach involve three major attributes, which can be further referred as the ABC model. It can be affirmed in this regard that the model developed by Ellis illustrates the role of cognition towards developing the behavioural attitudes of the individuals. Notably, the representation of Ellis’, A within the ABC model tends to represent the actual event or experience of an individual and his/her interference concerning any on-going situation. In this similar context, B within the ABC framework denotes certain evaluative beliefs that are needed to be followed by the individuals from the interferences relating to their past emotions or situations leading to depressive behaviours. Finally, C represents the evaluation of behavioural aspects and emotions emerging from evaluative beliefs of a particular individual (Froggatt, 2005). 3.0 Comparing and Combining Both CBT and REBT Models With an in-depth understanding of CBT and REBT, both the approaches can be observed to incorporate a number of effective attributes leading to improvements in the psychological behaviour of the individuals facilitating better treatment. In various cases, similar aspects have been ascertained to be involved within the theoretical and analytical rehabilitative functions. Correspondingly, few of the major similarities among the aspects of both CBT and REBT have been briefly discussed as follows. 3.1 Psychoanalytical Perspective The concept of psychoanalytic perspective generally refers to a set of deterministic natures that are governed by different irrational forces, imposing continuous changes in the human behaviour. Therefore, the concept psychoanalytic perspective encompasses various deterministic attributes ranging from human thoughts, beliefs, feelings and perceived problems resulting from various irrational driving factors (Greenberg & Mitchell, 1983). From a psychoanalytical perspective, both CBT and REBT approaches can be identified to involve similar rehabilitation processes that can further be related with the cognitive and behavioural therapy, emphasizing individual thoughts, feelings and perceived problems or situations faced by the individuals. In this regard, the therapies or the rehabilitation procedures of both CBT and REBT involve similar psychotherapy, which emphasises the thinking trends of the individuals that further affects their thoughts and feelings quite strongly (Neenan & Dryden, 2010). 3.2 Rehabilitation Measures The rehabilitation process of both the psychotherapeutic approaches can be considered to involve quite similarities. According to an academic understanding, both CBT and REBT can be observed to involve similar psychoanalytical aspects for identifying the major factors driving the traumatic disorders or any behavioural changes in human beings. It can be viewed in this regard that the rehabilitation process of both the approaches comprises significant psychological aspects focused on representing the exploration of behavioural changes within the individuals. The rehabilitation processes performed in the CBT and REBT approaches correspondingly involve similar practices for identifying psychoanalytical nature of the clients and differentiating his/her problems into a separate category. The differentiation of the problems, instigating anxiety or depression related problems, are generally characterized in accordance with the physical feelings, thoughts, emotions and behavioural changes of the clients (Padesky & Beck, 2003). 3.3 Significance of the Approaches A critical point of view to the approaches reveals that both CBT and REBT are effective when ensuring adequate importance in developing the behavioural aspects of the individuals, especially in the current phenomenon. With regard to the concepts as well as roles of CBT, the approach is highly focused on developing individual’s psychoanalytical problems, analysing the past-experiences and characterizing irrational changes into different parts. Therefore, the approach can be fundamentally considered as an effective practice for the therapists in order to reduce depression and other signs of traumatic disorder within the individuals. However, the practice of REBT can also be considered as an essential practice, which can deliver adequate support to the therapists to reduce traumatic stress, by identifying individual’s feelings, thoughts and emotions that are influenced by internal and external factors (Padesky & Beck, 2003). With reference to a critical understanding, the combination of the psychoanalytical attributes in both CBT and REBT can effectively develop a strong set of practices towards addressing different psychological and depressive behavioural characteristics of the individuals. Moreover, the well-built set of inherent rehabilitation measures in both the approaches can also be regarded to empower the therapeutic process of the experts to effectively deal with diverse forms of human related psychological issues as can be identified in the modern phenomenon. In addition, the effective set of psychoanalytical attributes within both the approaches along with their significance can also help the modern practitioners to provide effective and quality assured medication as well as to reduce various types of depressive behavioural traits of the clients. However, the critical assessment of both the approaches has also been witnessed to possess a number of different psychoanalytical attributes (Padesky & Beck, 2003). Few of the major differences between CBT and REBT have been briefly discussed in the following section of the report. 4.0 Analysing Differences between CBT and REBT Although it is often observed that both CBT and REBT involve similar attributes towards developing the cognitive behaviours of individuals, a number of disparities can also be recognised when addressing different psychological ailments. According to a critical observation of both psychoanalytical models, the differences between CBT and REBT can be characterized into different aspects relating to their characteristics and application models. In this regard, a few of the major disparities identifiable between CBT and REBT have been demonstrated in the following discussion. 4.1 Terminological Differences The terminology used in both CBT and REBT reveal major differences in the concepts and the models used by the abovementioned two approaches. In this regard, terminology used in the CBT approach involves different dysfunctional psychological attributes that encompass individual behaviours, thoughts as well as feelings. On the other hand, the thoughts as well as the beliefs related to terminology used in the REBT approach mainly emphasises emotional attributes such as biological and external factors linked within the sphere of human psychology (Padesky & Beck, 2003). 4.2 Psychotherapeutic Elements related Dissimilarities CBT and REBT approaches can also be differentiated on the basis of their range of psychotherapeutic elements that are generally used to address the different types of depressive behaviour of the individuals. It has been correspondingly viewed that the CBT approach tends to emphasize the aspect of psycho-education, as one of its preliminary as well as most effective components in resolving cognitive distorted behaviour of the individuals (Neenan & Dryden, 2010). Conversely, the approach of REBT can be witnessed to rely much upon determining psycho-educational thoughts relating to cognitive beliefs, behaviours and feelings of the individuals. Therefore, significant dissimilarities can be observed when assessing the nature and practices of both CBT and REBT (Neenan & Dryden, 2010). 4.3 Rehabilitation Practices of the Practitioners The implementation or practice of psychoanalytical tools can also be regarded as a major aspect when differentiating CBT and REBT. In relation to the rehabilitation process of CBT, it can be apparently observed that the therapists tend to critically analyse the perceptions, behaviours as well as the beliefs of the clients and help them to identify and develop their cognitive attributes by a certain degree. The therapists also deliver active support to potential clients representing different hypothetical illustrations associated with various cognitive problems. On the other hand, the therapists within the REBT approach tend to confront the beliefs and behaviours of the clients and make them competent to identify the irrational factors including psychological aspects observable in the individuals. Moreover, the therapists complying with REBT approach can often be viewed to incline in accordance with the irrational beliefs of the clients and justify the measure of irrational attributes and their influences on the individual’s thinking. Therefore, the process of developing the psychoanalytical thoughts and beliefs can be significantly differentiated amid CBT and REBT approaches (Neenan & Dryden, 2010). Based on the above discussion, it is apparent that the application of CBT and REBT in combination shall have both similarities and differences with respect to varying perspectives. However, the differences amongst these approaches can lead to develop ineffective psychoanalytical approach, which might not be compatible with the increasing numbers of psychological ailments in the modern phenomenon. With this concern, it is of utmost significance for the therapists or psychoanalytical practitioners to select a robust approach in order to effectively deal with multiple types of psychological problems that are often faced by individuals today (Neenan & Dryden, 2010). The following section herein represents a clear view regarding a combined approach that can play an essential role for both the practitioners and clients to deal with numerous types of psychological syndromes. 5.0 Combining Psychoanalytical Approaches With the increasingly apparent psychological issues, it becomes an essential practice for the therapists to comply with an effective framework, which can enable them to address the numerous types of behavioural concerns of the individuals. Arguably, an effective and a complete CBT approach can provide adequate support to mitigate various psychological distresses along with composite behavioural changes. In the similar context, the REBT approach can also be considered to provide valuable insights with its similar psychoanalytical attributes that exist in the CBT approach. However, in various cases, it has been further recognised that adequate implementation of REBT might not be effective for the clients or the practitioners who aim to build a strong rehabilitation program focusing on the psychological issues. Therefore, it can be stated that a relevant and wider practice of psychoanalytical elements associated with CBT approach would play an essential role for the therapists to deal with different types of psychological syndromes. Moreover, the approach would also enable the clients to gain effective rehabilitation procedures leading to various types of behavioural concerns (Neenan & Dryden, 2010). The major rationale of choosing CBT approach has accordingly been critically explored in the following section with respect to the effectiveness for both clients and the therapists. 5.1. Potentials of Therapeutic Relationship The concept of the CBT and REBT approach generally tends to build an effective collaboration with the individuals suffering from distress or any other mental disorder. It can be affirmed in this similar concern that building collaborative relationship with the clients might help the practitioners to identify as well as to understand their psychological difficulties by a greater level. In this context, an effective collaborative relationship can help the CBT or the REBT practitioners to clearly recognize and comprehend psychological problems of the clients and formulate a better quality of care to each individual (Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, 2007). 5.2 Goal Setting Process in the CBT and REBT Approaches The goal-setting procedure in the CBT or REBT approach enables the practitioners to set effective targets with the intention of dealing with various psychological problems. The combination of both the approaches signify the importance to structure an effective rehabilitation course after identifying psychological problems and building a therapeutic affiliation between the clients and CBT practitioners. In this regard, the combination of CBT and REBT can also be regarded as an effective model to deal with different psychological issues of the individuals (Neenan & Dryden, 2010; Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, 2007). 5.3 Focusing on Present Condition The CBT approach can often be witnessed to focus on evaluating the present conditions of the clients with due concern to their feelings and the mechanisms through which, they attempt to cope up with these situations. On the other hand, the REBT approach tends to help the practitioners to determine about the key concerning issues leading to the depressive behaviour of the individuals. Therefore, an effective combination of both the approaches helps the rehabilitation process to make continuous focus on the present scenario faced by an individual and formulate effective way to efficiently address and develop his/her beliefs and behaviours. Moreover, the process might also help the individuals to keep an effective balance between their professional life and personal interests (Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, 2007). 5.4 Short-Term and Goal Orientation The short-term and goal oriented characteristics can also be considered as a major set of attributes that can also provide insight for the practitioners and the clients to identify and implement effective care processes with regard to the type of psychological issue(s). The problem-solving technique of this particular therapy generally involves practical implications segregating individual problems into different smaller parts and defining their actual reason, which are likely to create complexities in the present life. Moreover, the goal of this approach is to develop the patterns of individual thinking or behavioural aspects leading towards generating huge difficulties or complexities (Padesky & Beck, 2003). In this context, an effective combination of the both CBT and REBT would increase the rehabilitation capability of the practitioners to deal with various types of psychological ailments. 6.0 Conclusion Emphasizing the modern practice of therapeutic and/or education of the different psychotherapies, it has been apparently observed that the approaches of CBT and REBT plays a decisive role towards developing cognitive characteristics as well as behavioural aspects of the individuals. According to the overall discussion of this report, it can be affirmed that the adverse consequences resulting from psychological changes have major bearing upon the development of individual cognitive actions. Moreover, the development of psychological aspects or cognitive and behavioural advancement ensures reduction in the amount of several unfavourable consequences resulting from depressions, anxieties and other psychological issues. References Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, 2007. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Core Information Document, pp. 1-136. Froggatt, W., 2005. A brief Introduction to Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. Theory of Causation. [Online] Available at: http://www.rational.org.nz/prof-docs/Intro-REBT.pdf [Accessed May 19, 2014]. Greenberg, J. R. & Mitchell, S. A., 1983. Object Relations in Psychoanalytic Theory. Harvard University Press. Justice Action. (2012). Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: Thinking for Change against Crime. Justice Reform Paper. [Online] Available at: http://www.justiceaction.org.au/cms/images/JusticeReformPapers/cogbehavtherapy1.pdf [Accessed May 19, 2014]. National Health Service. No Date. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy. Overview. [Online] Available at: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cognitive-behavioural-therapy/Pages/Introduction.aspx [Accessed May 19, 2014]. Neenan, M. & Dryden, W., 2010. Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy in a Nutshell. SAGE Publication Ltd. Padesky, C. A. & Beck, A. T., 2003. Science and Philosophy: Comparison of Cognitive Therapy and Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 211-224. Robertson, D., 2010. The Philosophy of Cognitive-behavioural Therapy (CBT): Stoic Philosophy as Rational and Cognitive Psychotherapy. Karnac Books. Zinbarg, R. E. & et. al, 2008. The Role of Personality in Psychotherapy for Anxiety and Depression. Journal of Personality, Vol. 76, No. 6, pp. 1649-1688. Read More