Vignette Analysis: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory and Adler Therapy Theory - Coursework Example

? Vignette Analysis Score July 23, Therapy involves theories. The research delves on the different types of therapy.The research delves on the effects of the different therapies on the couple’s fixing a marital conflict. Different therapies contribute to resolving the couple’s marital argument. Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. Sigmund Freud, Viennese physician, introduced the psychoanalytic theory. The theory states that the individuals’ motives and emotional conflicts influence the person’s current behavior. Freud insists that individuals were not aware that their prior experiences in the family contributed to their current behavior (Sigelman, 2011). Freud emphasized that the normal persons’ prior experiences, whether conscious or not conscious, drive one’s interactions with other individuals and groups (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). Intrapsychic conflict Concept. Freud theorized instinctive drives and unconscious motivations rooted in the intrapsychic significantly affect the average person’s thoughts, emotions, feelings, and actions. Often, Freud insists that intrapsychic conflict that had not yet been successfully overcome precipitate to one’s sexually inappropriate behavior (Murray, 2008. P. 39). Further, many clinicians implement Freud’s intrapsychic theory by uncovering the misbehaving patients’ prior traumatic experiences of the patients’ childhood or younger years (Goldentberg, 2008, p. 13). The concept prods the clinician to focus on resolving both spouses’ traumatic prior experiences. The clinician helps resolve Jack’s Mexican’s prior painful Hispanic culture and drinking problem. The clinician helps resolve Jill’s one year U.S. support problem, nervousness, mood, and anxiety by encouraging Jill to open up to all possible remedies. Defense mechanisms Concept (2 defenses). Freud reiterated that one’s early experiences help the person craft unconscious defenses. The individual’s past experiences generally mold the person’s coping skills (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The copings skills are shown by how one acts, reacts, or refuses to act whenever a similar situation, predicament, or untoward incident arises. Likewise, prior experiences contribute to one’s acting in a certain sexual manner. Two erroneous defenses include “the victim asked for it” and “the victim deserved it” (Murray, 2008, p.40). The concept prods the clinician to help the spouse drop their unwarranted defenses. The clinician encourages both spouses to accept the other person’s uniqueness. Jack should learn not to impose one’s culture on the Asian girl. Jill must accept Jack’s drinking and Spanish culture. Transference Concept. Transference is the patients’ displacement acts or avoidance of acts that is aimed at delaying or stopping the psychoanalyst from reducing the time needed to cure the patients. Freud reiterated to transference as the transfer of feelings originally experienced by the patient in earlier relationships that affect the patients’ current behavior (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The patient may impose strong or soft transference on the clinician. Consequently, transference includes both positive and negative interpretations (Berg, 2004, p 44). The concept prods clinicians to eliminate transference. The clinician must explain to both spouses that the clinician is a mediator, not the target. The concept states that both parties must resolve their issues among themselves. The clinician encourages the spouses to eliminate the clinic visits and fix their differences among themselves. Counter transference Concept. In terms of counter transference, the psychoanalyst creates an obstacle to the free flow of information from the patients’ unconscious mind to the surface (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The clinicians emotional reply to the patients’ stimuli. Freud recommended the psychoanalyst must exercise neutrality during the entire clinical treatment of patients. For example, the clinician should not transfer the image of one’s hate for an unfaithful husband to the hapless patient (Arundale, 2011, p. 182). The concept prods the clinician to eliminate counter transference. The clinician must not build a wall. The clinician must open up to the spouses’ messages. The clinician focus on mediating, ensuring an amicable marital resolutions. Adler therapy Theory Adler therapy focuses on a different aspect of psychoanalysis. Adler disapproved of the concept that purely motivational theories of behavior lacking in terms of explaining the average persons’ behavior. Adler insists that society must fill the individuals’ needs (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). Adlerian psychoanalysts focus listening to the patients’ complaints and insisting the patients’ culture and personal perception on current behavior. Adler insists that the most important part of therapy is uncovering the client’s lifestyle. Remedy includes replacing the unfavorable prior social schema with a more favorable new social schema (Watts, 2003, p. 73). Family constellation Concept. In the area of family constellation, the Adlerian psychoanalyst focuses on the patients’ family circles (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The family is seen as a major contributor to the patients’ current behavior. The patients’ upbringing contributes to behavior. A happy child contributes to a happy behavior (Oberst, 2003, p. 63). The concept persuades the clinician to study the spouses’ family history. The clinician focuses on patients’ family history. The history includes possibility of a broken family upbringing. The clinician includes the family history as basis for resolving the marriage woes. Superiority Concept. The Adlerian clinician focuses on enhancing the patients’ superiority (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The clinician persuades the patients that one must learn to accept their weaknesses and focus on maximizing their strengths. The therapist tells the patients that one must throw away any feelings of inadequacy and worthlessness. The Adlerian therapy includes making the elderly and other patients replace their depression-tainted outlook on life with happier thoughts by focusing their time and efforts on promoting social interests, social interaction, and community development (Lonedes, 2008, p. 60). The concept persuades the clinician to resolve the marital fight. The clinician persuades the Mexican to accept the woman’s Asian culture of not loosening up. The clinician persuades the Asian girl to eagerly accept the Mexican family culture. The clinician encourages both spouses not to be crazy with the other spouse’s unfamiliar acts. Psychological position Concept. The Adler therapy version is grounded on psychodynamic therapy (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The therapy version centers on enhancing patient- therapist relationship. Likewise, the Adlerian position on psychology veers towards cooperation between the therapist and the patient during the patients’ recuperation visits. The Adlerian position incorporates alleviating the patients’ inferiority complex and poor or unfavorable lifestyle or outlook. Finally, the Adlerian position includes awakening the patient to realize that they must break away from the unconscious feeling of inferiority, worthlessness, and unfavorable outlook on life and society as a whole. The Adlerian psychological aim is to make the patients eagerly prefer a healthier way of functioning in society (Jarvis, 2002, p. 93). The concept encourages the clinician to set up a cooperative family environment. The clinician intently listens to each spouse’s conversations in prodding manner. The clinician never shows any questionable or doubting gesture to the spouses. The patients feel happy seeing the clinician listen intently to their statements. Client-centered therapist Theory The client-centered therapist would focus the therapy on the current patients’ psychological status (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The therapy is tapered to the diverse needs of the patient. The therapy is tailored to the individual patient’s current conscious thoughts and feelings. The therapist focuses on making the patients actively solve their own problems by creating a safe atmosphere of growth (Coon, 2010, p. 514). Congruence Concept. Similarity crops up in the patient- centered therapy (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). Congruence is defined as a state of being. The therapy includes presence of the therapists’ personal strengths and self respect. The therapist can comfortably absorb the patients’ expressed feelings. The therapist will not drown or be too deeply involved in the patients’ predicaments. The therapist will not be affected by the patients’ depression, fear, or dependency. The therapist should never be lost in the patients’ troubled world. The therapist must be congruent during the entire patient-centered therapy sessions (Vincent, 2005, p 156). The concept states that the clinicians are human beings. Clinicians may cry, laugh, or feel angry as the spouses’ marital complaints influence the clinician’s feelings. The clinician must not drown oneself into crying, laughing, or feeling any emotions during the therapy sessions. The clinician must act professionally and remove personal involvement in the therapy sessions. Empathy Concept. Empathy is one of the key roles of client –centered therapy. The therapist expresses empathy on the patient. The therapy is composed of consistent, unflagging appreciation for the patients’ experiences (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The therapist allows the patients’ feelings to enter the therapists’ awareness, obtain and sense the patients’ internal world, and reflect such information back to the client in an emotionally understandable manner. This is the essence of client- centered therapy’s empathy process. The concept states that clinician should show some empathy with the patient. The clinician should not act in a happy manner when the spouses state their sad plight. The clinician must listen intently to the spouses’ messages. Distractions during the sessions should be eliminated. Unconditional positive regard Concept. The client- centered therapist treats the patients in a completely nonjudgmental manner (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The therapist accepts all the patients’ thoughts, actions, and opinions, even if the patients’ acts or statements completely differ or run counter to the therapists’ own personal biases. The action is needed in order to ensure that the client –centered therapy enhances the patient-timed own healing process by providing the patients with all possible opportunities to realize and recuperate from one’s psychological dilemma. To succeed, the therapist responds to the patients in a genuine, caring, and warm manner. The therapy focuses helping the patients improve their own self-esteem, and develop a sense of control (Wood, 2008, p. 68). The concept convinces the clinician to act without bias during the spouses’ session. The clinician receives information from the spouses, not introduce new information. The clinician should not question the spouses’ statements. The clinician should nod during the session to encourage more couple information. Determining the pros why such approach will work for this couple and what the possible limitations. There are pros why the client-centered approach will work for the couple (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). First, the spouses are not forced to accept a remedy. Second, the spouses are not threatened by an outside person forcing them to act in a certain way. Third, the spouses feel happy that they made the decisions to act or not act and the therapists was not a significant part of their self-made remedial actions. Further, there are possible limitations on the approach (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The therapist may not have enough time to wait for the couple to create the remedial action. The clients’ suggestions may not be the right remedial action. Lastly, the couple may be hesitant or do not have enough courage to admit each is part of the problem and that each must exert efforts to remedy their current marital woes. Rational Emotive Therapy Theory Rational Emotive Therapy focuses on giving the patients warmth and comfort in the clinical visits. The therapy focuses on the concept that emotions are a form of thinking; people craft or manger their emotions by controlling what they think (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The therapy focuses on therapists getting into a very close relationship with the patients. The close relationship is held during the entire therapy process. Consequently, the patients are happy that someone would spend time listening to their time-consuming tales of despair, failure, and other psychological problems (Ellis, 2003, p. 33). A – B – C model for psychotherapy Concept. The model centers on isolating and setting into motion beneficial, pragmatic answers to the patients’ psychological problems (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The therapist implements validation during all the sessions by seizing the patients’ core messages and approving the central meaning of what the patients voice out. The therapy include an integrated therapeutic method mixing observation and clarifying the patients’ relational process and includes some concepts discussed in cognitive- behavioral, motivational, narrative, solution- focused, and emotion –based models. The therapy includes the overriding premise that the patients’ unreciprocated relational demands will point to a more or less beneficial emotion (Caplan, 2010, p. 5). The concept sways the clinician to gather all relevant inputs. The clinician scrutinizes the spouses’ cultural information. The clinician incorporates the causes of the spouses’ marital woes. The clinician generates a remedial action based on all information. Therapeutic intervention’s basic process and mechanisms Concept. Therapeutic intervention’s basic process and mechanisms focus on improving the patients’ psychological problems. Most therapies have common characteristics of the therapist and clients’ resources (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The therapist points out the patients’ negative or unwarranted negative self-evaluations. For example, the patient reports to the therapist that no one likes the patient because the company receptionist does not greet the patient good morning at work (Wyer, 1994, p. 114). The concept pinpoints the clinician to focus on the spouses’ negative behavior. The clinician resolves the spouses’ nonacceptance of the other spouse’s culture or feelings. The clinician impresses on the spouses that spouse’ culture enriches one’s own culture. Marriage and family psychotherapy Concepts. Marriage and family psychotherapy focuses on mending a broken relationship (Corsini & Wedding, 2010). The therapy is grounded on communication. The therapist encourages both parties to open the lines of communication. Communication can save a marriage. Communication will open up the disgusts, or complaints of one or both partners. Uncovering the cause of the marital fight, the therapist can help the couple implement acts that will save the marriage (Worthington, 1993, p. 346). The concept impresses on the clinician to implement the best remedy. The remedy includes creating understanding between the spouses. The clinician insists the spouses give marriage a more open stand. The clinician persuades the spouses to start where agree and explore other possibilities that will save the current fragile marriage environment. Analyzing the vignette & psychotherapy concepts, the research delves on various kinds of marital conflict therapy. The different therapies focus on different resolution processes. Evidently, diverse psychological therapies help fix the couple’s marital argument. REFERENCES: Arundale, J. (2011). Transference and Countertransference: A Unifying Focus of Psychanalysis. New York: Karnac Press. Berg, H. (2004). Freud's Theory and Its Use in Literary and Cultural Studies. New York: Camden Press. Caplan, T. (2010). The Needs ABC Therapeutic Model for Couples and Families: A Guide for Practitioners. New York: Taylor & Francis. Coon, D. (2010). Psychology: A Journey. New York: Cengage Learning Press. Corsini, R., Wedding, D. (2010). Current Psychotherapies. New York: Cengage Learning Press. Ellis, A. (2003). Stress Counselling: A Rational Emotive Behavior Approach. New York: Sage Press. Goldenberg, H. (2008). Family Therapy: An Overview. New York: Cengage Learning Press. Jarvis, M. (2002). Key Ideas in Psychology. New York: Nelson Thomes Press. Lonedes, N. (2008). An Exploration of Social Interest Therapy as a Treatment for Depression in the Elderly. New York: Proquest Press. Murray, M. (2008). The Male Adolescent's Perception of Family Dynamics and the Impact on the Development of Sex Offense Behavior. New York: University Press. Oberst, U. (2003). Adlerian Psychotherapy: An Advanced Approach to Individual Psychology. New York: Psychology Press. Sigelman, C. (2011). Life-Span Human Development. New York: Cengage Learning Press. Vincent, S. (2005). Being Emphathic: A Companion for Counsellors and Therapists. New York: Radcliffe Press. Watts, R. (2003). Adlerian, Cognitive, and Constructivist Therapies. New York: Springer Press. Wood, J. (2008). Theraphy 101: A Brief Look at Modern Psychotherapy Techniques & How They Can Help. New York: New Harbinger Press. Wyer, R. (1994). Handbook of Social Cognition: Basic Processes. New York: Routledge Press. Read More