Decreased Levels of Fear and Crime - Essay Example

PTED Reduces the Incidences of both Fear and Crime Name: Date: Affiliation: СPTED Reduces the Incidences of both Fear and Crime Crime prevention through environmental design is crucial and valid premise in pursuit of reducing and deterring crimes in the society today. When the immediate environment creates loopholes that facilitate crime, it becomes difficult to repair or even restore the situation to normal (Abdullah et al, 2012).research indicates that most of the crimes in the street occur in the environment that’s has favorable and conducive environment. For instance, in case of crime, there must be target and welcoming circumstances that will allow the crime to occur (Abdulla et al, 2012).CPTED is the design the environment to reduce cases of crime opportunities and fear at a particular place. Adopting CPTED makes it possible to reduce the crimes in the street since the environment will not be favorable for such occurrences to happen ().Among the key benefits of CPED involve lowering crime rates, beautiful properties and finally higher property values. CPTED and the new millennium The emergence of new technology in home and the world at large, crate a loophole that only CPTED can fill. The new technologies come with new challenges that can only fade away through application of CPTED. Crimes and fear has increased with introduction of new technology. The modern technology in buildings management system enables explosion of space and technological management in the use of the built environment. There are few topics affiliated to CPTED and they form part of the ongoing development in the human experience in 21st century .The information and communication has created opportunities as well as challenges for the security officers. There are more methods, information available with CPTED remains to be the best option, and it remains to be the best practice in the industry. The most critical areas where CPTED concepts are applicable in reducing the crimes include the following: Discouraging and protecting crime information in the superhighways Protection of the mobile places and situations where there is variable geography and made available through telephone, Smartphone, radio and television technology. Protecting the personal identities and financial information of big companies such as apple through android applications The application of audio loops for the hearing impaired and incorporation of the ADA hardware into the security applications such as the security systems and voice entry programs The micro space implants of the microchips for the digital tagging, storage and retrieval of information. The IP advanced access control, and surveillance technologies hence enabling more “eyes on the street”. The texting (SMS), twitter, facebook, LinkedIn, YouTube among other social networks increase connectivity and introduce more security hazards. However, CPTED remains the only solution. Housing In the sector of housing, CPTED proved to be vital in facilitating security and efficiency. For instance, in densely populated houses in the cities The high number of house in the resort and rural areas pivoted by virtual work as well as employees Reuse of property and repurposing challenges hence requiring housing for the changing needs of the second and third generations as well as the extended families. Co-housing through maintenance of identity and control for families and the groups near the family Detach able housing for the changing urban scenes among others. Adjusting the sizes of the room and defensible spaces The movable yards with windows or the dumbwaiter access points The floating communities The transportation industry The electric vehicles hover vehicles and the hybrids The service frontage and the residential pass through the roads The adjustable streets In the instant cul-de-sacs The automatic speed collision and the controls The robotics Digital cameras, autopilot for the hands and free navigation The infrared and radar or the collision avoidance The requirements discussed above reduce the cases of victimization hence increasing the safety among the concerned people. CPTED planners will continue to t face more challenges related to ultimate development and application of new technology and enhancing security of the people concerned. The CPTED perspective helps in improving the overall value of the technology and the social changes. Pedestrians and the down streets The early as 1950s all the way to 1990s, the growing dominance of the vehicles over pedestrians have resulted in off-street parking, the one way streets and the synchronized traffic signals and the shrunken sidewalks to help in accommodation of trucks and cars(Atlas,2008 ). The business oriented on the pedestrian have significantly failed or chased the potential buyers to the supermarkets and outlaying malls. As business moved from the downtowns, less pedestrian activities force even more business out. The narrow pedestrian footpaths have increased conflicts and fear between the vagrants and other abnormal users of space and the normal users. Normal users avoid the streets hence reinforcing the decline of business and the normal activities carried out in the downtown. The downtown streets have resulted to “no man land “at night and during the weekends. The pedestrian malls replaced the vehicle with people but failed since the designer lost track of the three-D aesthetics (Black, 2003). The retail and commercial establishments have always used physical milieu to alter the customer protection as well as behavior. CPTED adds a distinctive dimension through incorporating the elements into the space design and management. For example, the natural access control, must give the natural indication whereby people should go non- permitted areas. It is not right to depend on the security offices and security must be part of the layout in any construction or architectural design. Natural surveillance and the traditional factors such as good lighting are paramount and it is not good to overlook the natural factors especially the strategically placed windows or the placement of employees’ workstations (Butler, 2013). Reinforcement of the territory is an umbrella concept that encapsulates behaviors using the features such as landscaping, planting the small bushes and the shrubs placement surface design, the gateway treatments and the fences that define the property lines as well as helping in distinguishing the private from the public spaces and promoting the territorial reinforcement(Clancey,Lee & Fisher,2012). It is crucial to note that residential location of any house is within the prescription of CPTED to ensure that the security of the parties involved. Therefore, most of the families that live in apartment buildings consider space outside apartment door to be distinctively public in nature. In effect, it will relegate the responsibilities for the activities that are outside the confines of the apartment to other public authorities. The main questing is whether the environmental design applied in extension of the boundaries of the private realms.Through extensive research of efficiency functioning of the house development, several mechanisms have been identified that are highly applicable in the designing process or that which may be used after construction. The mechanisms normally facilitate and encourage the residents of multifamily to familiarize themselves better with ground or the area around the immediate home site and assuming the responsibility for its protection (Cozens, 2007). Design of the site: the grounds that surround the quarters are normally identifiable directly with various conspicuous buildings and residents of particular building taking personal interest in the upkeep and usage of the area; they will ultimately play fundamental role in guarding it. Through proper design, it is possible to create recreational area that ad joins the building must be applicable as a buffer area through providing playing instruments and gadgets for young children and adults seating in the area. It is a fact that children have to play and adults and relax in the area hence increasing the concerns with the activities that take place there. The strangers are normally recognized and their activities under observation hence leading to immediate questioning (Cozens,Saville& Hillier,2005). Designing the street: Research indicates that enclosure, placemen, rerouting of immediate traffic and street can change, hence reducing the rates of crime in any given section of the street. In a given number of areas where technique is applicable, it has been found out that most of the residents may know or recognize people up and down the block and the strangers on the streets have similar identification. similar approaches normally involves rerouting traffic and using the one way streets or even blocking of the streets hence lowering crime in some critical parts(Cozens,Hillier&Prescott,2001). The symbolic barriers: the main barriers that planners can use in laying out areas may involve opening gateways, plantings, low walls and the light standards. The symbolic and physical barriers normally get identification by the dwellers as lines of boundaries that serve as the defining areas of the comparative safe. Most of the places warrant the symbolic barriers especially those that involve the transition points between the public and the semi-public grounds of the buildings. The areas between the lobby of a building, the corridors and the hallways of a given floor of a building are crucial to ensure that they are safe (Cozens, Thorn &Hilier, 2008). The internal design: economics sometimes enter the ultimate picture of the interior of a building to be of specific groupings of the apartments units and the shared entrances. The factors normally prompt the residents of a given apartment to develop the concerns for the space immediately adjacent to the space designated for living. For example, each floor of a particular apartment has approximately two to four families and therefore security is crucial for they share the same corridor (Davey et al,2005).The apartment would be grouped that the common corridor access to the elevators or stairs might get a good a monitoring screen by the glazed partition. The ultimate effect culminates in the floor residents who adopts the corridor as a collective extension of the dwelling unit and take an increased interest in the use and maintenance (Davey et al, 2005). The facilities and amenities: location of a particular facility such as sitting areas, playing areas as well as the laundry areas gives the area considerable high intensity using the territoriality idea. The presence of the residents normally involves various activities such as children playing and people chatting with friends in different activities. This allows them members of the family to survey using the screen and ascertain any possible cases of intruders. Reducing the number of units that are grouped as a unit is an important to step towards reducing cases of insecurity (Fennelly, 2003).research postulates that housing projects that have fewer buildings (two to four) normally have reduced crime rates compared to projects that have number of buildings. Based on the findings, it is fundamentally the public spaces of the renowned small high-rise projects. Contrary to the buildings and large developments, each building of a particular grouping normally has entrances directly off any given street. These dwellings normally resemble the middle income, high-rise developments and appear more private (Fisher& Piracha, 2012). As a crime-prevention officer, you might not be in a position to d use these techniques. However, the familiarity with the strategies and the value of usage in the crime-prevention strategies are crucial elements in the arsenal of tools that create public involvement and reducing the rate of crime. Particularly, the main purpose of outlining the tools is not equipping one with designing skills rather communicate with the people involved in the profession (Zahm, 2007). Based on the conditions, a number of mechanisms are applicable in designing the grounds and the inner areas of the apartment units, housing developments among other residential areas to facilitating natural monitoring of the activities taking place. The corridors or outside areas, continual natural observation will facilitate crime deterrence (Gibson & Johnson, 2013). CPTED is a crucial aspect to consider when designing houses and selecting areas to construct commercial and residual houses. Architectural and urban designs that take into account safety from crime and security against criminal damaged or terrorism is crucial, and researchers describe it as security design (Sakip, & Abdullah, 2012).). From that perspective, security design is more than bars on the window, a security guard booth, a camera or a barrier wall. The Security design involves systematic integration of the design, technology and the operation for the protection of three critical assets-people, information and property. Protection of these assets is a concern in all types of buildings and all forms of urban property. To the architects, these considerations require attention throughout the design and construction process from programming, schematic design, and design development preparation of the construction documents and bidding through the final construction (Kang, 2013). The urban design professional (landscape architects, civil engineers, architects, urban planners), or any creator of public and private spaces (developers, builders, community groups, municipal government), the most efficient, and cheap way to provide security is enhancing it during the earliest phases of development. For a planner or developer, it means that the earliest conceptual stages. For an architect, it means that the design process. Architects or any other urban designers might get a request to address security and other crime concerns. In such a case, they must determine the security requirements, be familiar with the security technology, and understand the architectural implications of the security needs (McKay, 2004). The approach of CPTED involves designing to reduce the opportunity for and fear of crime and disorder. It recognizes the intended use of space in a building and it is different from the traditional security practice that focuses on denying access to the crime target from the traditional security practice that focuses on denying access to crime target with the barrier techniques such as locks, alarms, fences and gates(Parnaby,2006).). CPTED normally takes advantage of the opportunities for natural access control, surveillance and territorial reinforcement. If the design process includes CPTED, it is possible for natural and normal uses of the environment to meet the same security goals as physical and technical protection methods (MILLER, 2013). The research seeks to ascertain the emerging trends based on the security and safety concerns, processes, and materials. CPTED persuades many people to consider it as an epitome of security and safety in their homes. Moreover, the research touches on new realities in the building security and occupant safety in various ways including the critical infrastructure, commercial, and government, private and public buildings for both new design and retrofit. Today, there I rapidly expanding supplies of technological products. Early, security is in the minds and budget of a growing number of property owners, facility managers and building supervisors (Parnaby, 2006).The demand for more secure facilities coupled with computerized technology is making access control and intrusion detection into science of its own. Security needs for the building must be determined early as part of the project programming and definition process. Burglary, industrial espionage, shoplifting, riots, vandalism, assault, rape, murder and employee theft are crimes that imperil lives and drive up the cost of doing business. As crime concern increases more each year, architects chip in and address the security problems through incorporating security design and construction in all building type (Ramsay, 2012). Conclusion Crime Prevention through Environmental Design is instrumental in reducing cases of crimes in the world today. The architecture of a house determines the susceptibility of the people to crimes. Whether, it residential or commercial, the designer should consider the above factors for the greater good. Moreover, the cities and roads should also take into account the CPTED considerations to ensure the motorist and pedestrians are safe from disruptions that might cause problems or chaos. Moreover, it is crucial for construction companies to have a wide knowledge on security. Such knowledge will assist them construct houses with relevant requirements that will facilitate security in the house. For instance, the balconies among other places that are common should be strategic for the sake of ensuring that there is no security threat. Therefore, crime prevention through environmental design is a valid premise since it has proved it is efficient through constant application by the architectures and designers. Application of the strategy will serve as the ultimate solution for insecurity in various common and private areas. Read More

Co-housing through maintenance of identity and control for families and the groups near the family Detach able housing for the changing urban scenes among others. Adjusting the sizes of the room and defensible spaces The movable yards with windows or the dumbwaiter access points The floating communities The transportation industry The electric vehicles hover vehicles and the hybrids The service frontage and the residential pass through the roads The adjustable streets In the instant cul-de-sacs The automatic speed collision and the controls The robotics Digital cameras, autopilot for the hands and free navigation The infrared and radar or the collision avoidance The requirements discussed above reduce the cases of victimization hence increasing the safety among the concerned people.

CPTED planners will continue to t face more challenges related to ultimate development and application of new technology and enhancing security of the people concerned. The CPTED perspective helps in improving the overall value of the technology and the social changes. Pedestrians and the down streets The early as 1950s all the way to 1990s, the growing dominance of the vehicles over pedestrians have resulted in off-street parking, the one way streets and the synchronized traffic signals and the shrunken sidewalks to help in accommodation of trucks and cars(Atlas,2008 ).

The business oriented on the pedestrian have significantly failed or chased the potential buyers to the supermarkets and outlaying malls. As business moved from the downtowns, less pedestrian activities force even more business out. The narrow pedestrian footpaths have increased conflicts and fear between the vagrants and other abnormal users of space and the normal users. Normal users avoid the streets hence reinforcing the decline of business and the normal activities carried out in the downtown.

The downtown streets have resulted to “no man land “at night and during the weekends. The pedestrian malls replaced the vehicle with people but failed since the designer lost track of the three-D aesthetics (Black, 2003). The retail and commercial establishments have always used physical milieu to alter the customer protection as well as behavior. CPTED adds a distinctive dimension through incorporating the elements into the space design and management. For example, the natural access control, must give the natural indication whereby people should go non- permitted areas.

It is not right to depend on the security offices and security must be part of the layout in any construction or architectural design. Natural surveillance and the traditional factors such as good lighting are paramount and it is not good to overlook the natural factors especially the strategically placed windows or the placement of employees’ workstations (Butler, 2013). Reinforcement of the territory is an umbrella concept that encapsulates behaviors using the features such as landscaping, planting the small bushes and the shrubs placement surface design, the gateway treatments and the fences that define the property lines as well as helping in distinguishing the private from the public spaces and promoting the territorial reinforcement(Clancey,Lee & Fisher,2012).

It is crucial to note that residential location of any house is within the prescription of CPTED to ensure that the security of the parties involved. Therefore, most of the families that live in apartment buildings consider space outside apartment door to be distinctively public in nature. In effect, it will relegate the responsibilities for the activities that are outside the confines of the apartment to other public authorities. The main questing is whether the environmental design applied in extension of the boundaries of the private realms.

Through extensive research of efficiency functioning of the house development, several mechanisms have been identified that are highly applicable in the designing process or that which may be used after construction.

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