Lend Lease and Salvation Army - Assignment Example

HISTORY The Salvation Army, which is a Christian organization, was started in 1865 by William booth who was a London minister before leaving the pulpit for social work in the streets. He did this with his wife Catherine. The original purpose of was make converts build churches, but after realizing that the poor people in the society never enjoyed or never felt comfortable in most churches in victorial England. Hence he decided to look for churches for this group of people. The main church he found for them was the East London Christian mission (Wilson, 53). The army had made its presence in the whole world by 1900s. the major services of the organization is child work and others like financial support, help those with gambling problems , tracing of missing people, provision and searching for employment opportunities for those without employment. In 1878, the name “Salvation Army” was adopted, originally known as Christian Mission. The word Salvation sums up meaning a church that been built up to save people. Salvation Army has been a service in Australia for over 125 years. The organization is known to be operating in 113 countries in the world. The Salvation Army international headquarters is in 101 Victoria Street in London, and there are four administration offices in Victoria. They are located in Melbourne Central, Eastern Victoria, Northern Victoria and Western Victoria. Retrieved from: http://www.salvos.com/about.htm. On 21st October, 2009. 2:07 P.M History of land lease company limited Lend lease, is one of Australia’s biggest public companies, and is the best integrated real estate group. This company is operational in more 41 countries on 6 continents. But its major presence is in the United States, Asia pacific region and South America. Since its creation, it has been an incorporated property service, dealing in development of properties, investment, construction of industrial, residential and commercial facilities(construction is mainly conducted through its subsidiary, the Bovis lend lease). The company has started dealing in management of funds in recent times (Forde, Kevin, 54). Post-war 11foundations In the late years of 1940s Australia’s main economic activity was sheep farming and its population was about eight million. The country was underdeveloped and depended on Europe and other countries for its basic needs. This was in exchange for wool. Due to the risk of the second war on such an existence, Australia realized that there was need for its own skills and natural resources. Due to the dry climate, Australia had to look for other means for a plentiful supply of water if it was to develop. In other to achieve the government started the so called Snow mountains scheme, whereby alpine river, which is snow fed, was to be tamed via the interrupting the course of its sea weed. Unfortunately the Australian government did not have enough resources to implement this project. This forced government to create a mission that was to go the entire world with aim of recruiting labors, engineers and tradesmen. Bouwbedrijf of Bredero and another company known as royal Dutch harbor company answered to this call in Amsterdam. Gerard, a thirty year old engineer was sent by Bredero’s on a fact finding mission for the Dutch construction company. After his tour he found great opportunities and potential for civil construction. The young engineer convinced the two organizations to start a venture that was to be joint (Frith, Bryan, 24). Consequently, they formed Civil and civil constructors in 1951 with the under the young engineer (Düsseldorf). The first project for this new company was the provision of two hundred houses for the snow mountain project. The first thirty five labors for this company were recruited from the Netherlands by Dusseldorf. After the completion of its first project, the company was presented by other jobs and hence it started the expansion process. Being the company’s MD, Dusseldorf was focusing on expanding the company‘s operation in Australia with the main focus being Sydney, the capital city (Martinez, Barbara, 14). Creation of lend lease in 1950s The construction boom of 1950s led to need for construction of new facilities. Many companies were forced to build new premises as a result of their success. This was a great challenge to Dusseldorf. After seeing the need for cooperative projects, Dusseldorf floated a finance and investment company and went to the public of Australia to look for funds for effecting Civil and Civic projects on completion (Frith, Bryan, 24). Through this he was able to gain entrepreneurial control over all of their projects. Lend lease was formed in 1958 April and consequently floated on Australian stock exchange. Forty percent of this company’s shares were held by civil and civic construction company. Its subsidiary, Bovis Lend lease was formed in 1960s to focus on construction. (Hughes, Anthony, 37) Organization structure Internationally The salvation army employs top-down administrative structure and this structure is strongly hierarchical and its basis is the military model. Apart from the General, all other official positions are filled by appointees. The Salvation Army’s international headquarters in London is the top level in this hierarchy organization. The main role of the IHQ is serving as resource centre a global army, strategic and long term planning. The general controls all the operation of the organization in the thirteen countries where the organization is active, from this headquarters, through administrative departments occupied by international secretaries. Second in command is the chief of staff, appointed by the general, whose role is the implementation of liaises between different departments and implementation of the policy decision of the general. Territory After the chief of the general staff level in the Salvation Army hierarchy, is the territory. In most cases this level corresponds to a given country. But in countries with large Salvation Army members, it may be divided into different territories. In most cases, the country‘s capital city serves as the territorial headquarter. In cases of numerous territories with a given country the state capital serves as the territorial headquarter. Each territory is headed by a territorial commander, with the rank of colonel or commissioner. The territorial commander usually reports to either directly to the IHQ or National commander. To assist the territorial commander, is the chief secretary, usually with the rank of a colonel and secretaries of different departments, whose responsibility is to oversee the activities of the organization throughout the territory. As per now, there are fifty three territories throughout the world. Australian has 2 territories that are autonomous: Australian eastern territory with its THQ located in Sydney and the Australian southern territory with the THQ in eastern suburbs of Melbourne. Division The territories are further subdivided into smaller divisions which are under the control of division al headquarters (DHQ). The Australian eastern territory is divided into four divisions due to high populations in Queensland New South Wales and Queensland Corps and community services The community service centers and the corps functions as the army’ local link with the society and are under command of the Divisional Headquarters. The corps is meant to encourage locals in the faith through Sunday schools, clubs and meetings. Lend Lease Lend Lease believe management structure will help them reach the goals more effectively and easily by concentrating and putting more efforts into specific business areas and responsibilities. In that way new initiative can be implement more quickly and efficiently. President of Bovis Lend Lease roles is to focus on strategic planning, expanding in Continental Europe, enhancing and maintaining client’s relationship and preserving on the company’s client focused cultures. Chairman of Lend Lease will focused on the development of Integrated Real Estate business in USA and bringing together Lend Lease Development and Real Estate Investment. The Chief Executive is responsible for day to day management of the business and putting in effort to meet or exceed on the company’s long term growth and financial goals. The managing director has the role John Anderson, Managing Director of Bovis Lend Lease Europe, will switch to a new role, working with Luther Cochrane and Lend Lease Development to define and implement the European end of the parent group's Integrated Real Estate business, utilizing his previous experience in property development and more recent experience in the construction sector. John Spanswick, a Divisional Managing Director of Bovis Lend Lease Europe, will take over as Managing Director of Bovis Lend Lease Europe and will join the Bovis Lend Lease Holdings board. John has been a director for 20 years, leading project teams both in the UK and Continental Europe. He has been responsible for delivering all Lend Lease Europe's projects over the past six years, including Blue water. Sir Frank, Luther Cochrane and Ross Taylor will join the 13 member Senior Executive Management Board of Lend Lease Corporation, chaired by its Chief Executive, David Higgins. Its role is to implement the group's business plan. http://www.lendlease.com.au/. On 21st October, 2009. 2.54 P.M. .Lend lease Management structure The board In lend lease, the board is the one responsible for the co-operate governance of this organization. In undertaking its role, the major objective of the board is to ensure both prosperity and long term health of the organization for the benefit of employees, shareholders and customers. The constitution of the organization vastest all management responsibilities the lend lease on the board. Some matters are specifically reserved for the board while others are delegated to the CEO by the board. The board approves authority limits by the senior management and the CEO, from time to time. The CEO of the organization is accountable to the board for all matters concerning delegation of duty and he carries out his responsibility by providing reports on management and regularly presenting to the board. The board is free to establish committees if it feels it appropriate for the purpose of assisting execute its responsibilities. The board has also the power to revoke and appoint members of the committee. It also has the power to power to appoint the chairman of each committee, among the members of the committee who becomes an independent director after the appointment. The board also has the authority to review the composition of each committee every year to ensure balance in both skill and experience in each board. The board is also vested with the powers to adopt a charter for every committee detailing out the responsibilities given to each committee by the board. This charter also details the operations and structure of the committee. The responsibility of each committee is to function as per the terms set by the board and send recommends to the board to make decisions retrieved from: Lend lease Board charter http://www.lendlease.com.au/. On 21st October, 2009. 2.54 P.M. Responsibilities Shareholders All shareholders in land lease are able to reinvest their dividends from their shares in the company to acquire more shares in the same company. This is possible through the dividend reinvestment plan. Under the share purchase plan, it is possible to make a contribution of about five hundred to two thousand five hundred dollars in order to acquire new shares in the company. DRP, SEP and SPP make up the share accumulation plan which has been designed to ensure that shareholders do not incur transaction costs. Directors have the powers to suspend, alter or terminate any of the SPP, DRP, or SEP changes normally occur 14 days after share holders have been informed. Membership of Salvation Army Membership of the Salvation Army constitute of soldiers, adherents and officers. Adherents are those members who decline to be enrolled as soldiers but take the Salvation Army as their place of worship. Soldiers are those members who have signed the A soldier’s covenant. They serve and worship through the local corps. Those who have either finished training as auxiliary captains or cadets become officers. Retrieved from: http://www.use.salvationarmy.org/use/www_use_emp.nsf/vw-sublinks/F486A3972C2E44A685256DB800611666?openDocument. On 23rd October, 2009. 12: 10 P.M Sources of capital for the land lease company The land lease obtains its capital from governments from the entire world, investors and co-operation; this may include pension, superannuation and sovereign funds from around the world. The land lease’s strategy model is based on partnering and this has enabled the co-operation to diverge in the projects it is investing in.Retreived from: Lend lease Board charterhttp://www.lendlease.com.au/. On 21st October, 2009. 2.14 P.M. Sources of funds for Salvation Army There are different sources of funds for the Salvation Army. These sources range from government subsidies, aged care residents and accommodation contributions, revenue of trading from salvos stores, investments income, donations from the Red shield appeal, miscellaneous and legacies. In some cases the Salvation Army makes requests to the national co-operation without requesting for donations. The territorial headquarters and local affiliates solicit for funds from the public. Since this organization is tax- exempt according to section 501(c) (3) of the revenue code, it qualifies to get contributions that are deductable as donations for the purpose of federal income tax. Retrieved from: http://www.salvationarmy.org.au/students/funding.asp. On 21st October, 2009: 3.11P.M. Other major sources include The red shield appeal This is the organization’s main yearly fundraising drive. This appeal is normally launched in April and ends in 30th of June. This appeal has three main components: National Door knock, which is carried out annually in the month of May, mailing appeal, this is meant to encourage supporters to mail their donations and the business appeal which is meant to encourage donations from the corporate world. Christian appeal Mainly constitute mailing of appeals. This may also include the fundraising by local in shopping malls etc. The red shield club This provides an opportunity for the loyal donors to give financial aid to the organization. Retrieved from: http://www.bbb.org/charity-reviews/national/human-services/salvation-army-national-corporation-in-alexandria-va-1221. On 21st October, 2009. 4: 55 P.M. COMPANY MEETING Lend Leas At Lend Lease, the organization follows the ASX rules and meeting is held annually. A letter is sent out to shareholder advising them on the date, venue and information of the meeting. The registry is responsible for dispatching the annual meeting notice by explanatory notes, full or brief report and proxy form minimum of 28 days before the meeting. The proxy may be bar coded and personalized for subsequent processing of attendance registration and votes purposes retrieved from: .http://www.lendlease.com.au/llweb/llc/main.nsf/all/all_whooverview. On 21st October, 2009. At 1209P.M Salvation Army (Commissioner’s conference) Membership of this conference include: the national commander, commanders from territories and the chief secretary (national) and chief secretaries from all territories. It is the duties of the standing commissions to invent and assess initiatives that are strategic aimed at furthering the ministry and missions of the Salvation Army, and finally send recommendations to the conference of the commissioner. Advisory organizations made up of the civic leaders, representatives of the local community and co-operate leaders give advice as a link between the organization and the local community. The main function of these advisory organizations is the interpretation of the needs of the local community to the organization and also facilitation of the resources aimed for development. An advisory board at the national level makes recommendations to the conferences of the commissioner. Retrieved fromhttp://www.use.salvationarmy.org/use/www_use_emp.nsf/vw-sublinks/F486A3972C2E44A685256DB800611666?openDocument. On 23rd October, 2009. 12: 10 P.M References Hughes, Anthony, "Lend Lease Confident It Can Construct a New World at Low Risk," Sydney Morning Herald, August 18, 1997, p. 37. Retrieved from: http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Lend-Lease-Corporation-Limited-Company-History.htm.October 23, 2009.10:02. Martinez, Barbara, "As If Lend Lease Wasn't Big Enough Already: Property Investment Giant Swiftly Builds Its Lineup to Become a Powerhouse," Wall Street Journal, December 22, 1999, p. B14. Retrieved from: http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Lend-Lease-Corporation-Limited-Company-History.htm. 23rd, October 23, 2009.10:32. .http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Lend-Lease-Corporation-Limited-Company-History.htm. "How Lend Lease Chief Realized a Vision," Australian, October 20, 2000, p. 37. Retrieved from: http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Lend-Lease-Corporation-Limited-Company-History.htm. 23rd, October 23, 2009.11:23. Frith, Bryan, "National Mutual, Lend Lease Deal Made in Heaven," Australian, January 21, 1998, p. 24. Retrieved from: http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Lend-Lease-Corporation-Limited-Company-History.htm. 23rd, October 23, 2009.12:15 Forde, Kevin, "Lend Lease Aims for As Much Class in Finance as Property," Rydge's, October 1985, pp. 54+. Retrieved from: http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Lend-Lease-Corporation-Limited-Company-History.htm. 23rd, October 23, 2009.10:02. http://www.bbb.org/charity-reviews/national/human-services/salvation-army-national-corporation-in-alexandria-va-1221 http://www.salvationarmy.org.au/students/funding.asp; http://www.use.salvationarmy.org/use/www_use_emp.nsf/vw-sublinks/F486A3972C2E44A685256DB800611666?openDocument Wilson, P. W. General Evangeline Booth of the Salvation Army New York: Kissinger publishers, 1948. Read More