Language in Thought and Action - Assignment Example

Answer Questions Name Course Lecture Date A1: In regard to communication, the expectations, scene as well as settings can be termed as being among the three major environmental cues that are likely to influence an individual’s expectations when communication is taking place. The settings, scene and expectations mainly have a role to play in that it determines the kind of information that is to be relied, for instance, formal or informal communication (Wrench et al. n.d). They also in a way influence directly or indirectly the various expectation is termed of the language as well as behavior aiming the participants in the communication. There is no way, in which a discussion, presentation or communication can take place in a place that is isolated and therefore it takes place from somewhere for example in a boardroom or in a classroom. There are also those people who are likely to speak first that is based on the role as well as the position that a person hold outside the meeting venue. A2: When considering communication between two people, the communicator can be said to a responsibility towards the audience who he or she is addressing. In the same reference, the audience also tends to have a responsibility towards the speakers who is addressing them. A clear justification of this point is that the communicator has a huge responsibility of ensuring that the message and information that he is delivering is right and correct that that he delivers it in the right means. Thus, he has to consider aspects such as the method of relying the message to get out the best from the audiences and create the needed influence and influence from them. The audiences also have a responsibility towards the speaker by listening to the message being relayed to them, responding in the right manner, and ensuring that they act by implementing the information in the needed settings (Wrench et al. n.d). A good example of these is an employee or students changing certain behaviors that may be limiting their performance. A3: From my viewpoint, I totally believe that the thoughts influence the use of language among individuals. A great number of authors from various fields support my argument and a number by a number of theories that states that there seems to be a connection between the thought and language (Hayakawa 1978). The authors and available theories states that when there is a close analysis between thought and language it is more likely that people will speak in the language those they commonly use when speaking. This idea is greatly supported by a great number of writers and theorists who deal with the aspects of communication in the business context (Wrench et al. n.d). The meaning of a word is said to be within us and the words usually acts a link to the meaning. The words when relied in a certain language will only have a meaning when the receiver of the message interprets it in his or her thoughts. A4: When one is unable to communicate one may even lose a part of oneself and for a person to communicate ones self-concept that is one sense of self as well as their awareness of who they are in a number of ways. A concept that defies description cannot be proven or examined and an exclusive of the examination of a concept, it cannot be recognized. In respect to these, the most important purpose of language is that it aims at coming up with some form of meaning therefore when there is a lack of self-concept then the language becomes meaningless (Wrench et al. n.d). From this point of view, it is hard for people to define you when they have not interacted with you or seen you. Through the either information that others can derive through the use of language through the verbal or non-verbal means and through this others can make more knowledgeable decisions about what you stand for and who you are. A5: the article that will be used in this case relates to climate change and the article has been sourced from the New York Times and below is the link of the article https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/25/opinion/sunday/what-you-can-do-about-climate-change.html?_r=0. Based on my evaluation the article adequately meets and adheres to the components of the five-part structure. This is evident in that it has an introduction, an attention statement, body, conclusion and a residual message. The author of the article has used a catchy heading (what you can do about climate change). The article introduction is very intriguing in that it asks a question of what an ideal person can do to curb global warming. The body of the article is also very concise in that it offers details of both small and major things that can be done to reduce climate change. The residual message in the article is that all individuals have a role to play in reduction of climate change by considering certain measures irrespective of how small they may seem to be. A6: based on my evaluation and my evaluation of different aspects of communication it is justifiable to make use doublespeak. This is mainly the case in most bureaucratic communication and it is mostly used so as to cast an organization or a person in a much less favoaurable place or light as compared to what the use of plain language would do. Double speak is mainly used since it at times sounds more polite and hides some negativity in some speeches. A good example of this is the use of the term downsizing as opposed to firing people. Another good example of double speak is when the military people make use of the term collateral damage to refer to civilians deaths but in the term no direct reference to death is made. There are also times when use of double speak is not justifiable and more so when it is used to obscure meaning and thus the listeners fails to predict and anticipate the consequences due to the ineffective communication that have been used. A7: The presentation that makes use of signposts can be sourced from the link below l https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JsQVVvocRdQ. The use of signpost in the above situation can be said to be very effective. This is based on the fact that they help the audiences reading and making use of the signposts to closely follow the presentation and at the same time understands what is being presented in an effective way. The use of signpost sis also of great benefits since through it the audience as compared to situation retains a lot of information where only plain text is used. The signs post in the above video are also of great help since they offers direction to the audience when a section is completed and they need to move to the other aspects of the presentation. Thus, the audience will be more prepared for additional information that is being delivered to them. A8: The chosen text to be used in this case is from a book related to fashion design. The book can be found in the below link http://wwd.com/globe-news/print/book-excerpt-manufacturing-processes-for-textile-and-fashion-design-pros-8045798/. I have noted that there are a number of words from the book that can be termed as being Jargons and thus they are not easily understandable and one needs to search the internet and the dictionary for their true meaning. Some of these words includes but are not limited to words such as pectin, seedpod, Hemicelluloses as well as lignin. In this respect, the writer of the book ought to have made use of terms that are easily understandable even for a first time reader. A9: when writing and communicating to other we are full of a number of doubts, expectation, hopes and fears. In this respect, the areas that we emphasize on, what we really focus on as well as the manner in which we view our individual potential have direct influence on our interaction when it comes to writing and communicating. My personal self-concept affects my writing significantly since through it, I can decide what to include in my writing and how to write it in terms of the style. The criticism and praise from other influences us greatly and it is upon us to know and acknowledge the fact that not all people have a positive impact in our lives and that not all critics are well aware of what they are saying. Therefore, our self-concept ought to define who we are and thus affecting our writing in a great way. Through this we can new skills and make improvements where necessary to be better in the various activities that we take part in our everyday lives. A10: The field of psychology offers a lot of knowledge on the aspects of an individual’s behavior. Based in the concept we more often than not form certain expectations from certain events and people, we tend to communicate the expectations through the use of various cues and through nonverbal and verbal communication. In most instance people respond to the cues and therefore adjust their behavior with the aim of matching the expectations of others, eventually the outcome is that what was expected from an individuals from the start becomes true. Teachers have a crucial role to play since their attitudes in a way affect the students greatly. When a teacher encourages a student, they are likely to succeed. When students lacking in potential are encouraged in any way and there is lack of adequate encouragement the students are more likely to perform poorly. Thus, it would be essential ton point out what one expects from another person to enhance a change in behavior. A11: The process of perception is something that a great number of people engage in their day-to-day life. At times perception can be said to expand people views of events. In this case, an individual can choose the way in which they want to certain perceive things, and they may change this from time to time. Something can be perceived differently and more so if an individual have acquired additional knowledge about it. At the same time, perception can be said to limit our view. This is mainly the case since at time, people tend to select what they can pay attention to in regard of what is of importance to them or based in the value they have on something and this case seems to e different among individuals. Additionally, there are times when individuals focus more on one aspect and therefore they end up losing missing other aspects all this is informed by their perception. A12: There exists four major listening styles and they include the action listening style, people listening style, time listening style as well as the content listening styles. The people listening style have an advantage in that it is effective in instances where there is a need to decode indirect as well as the nonverbal messages. A major drawback of the listening style is that is that listeners are more attentive to the speakers as compared to the message being delivered by the speaker. Content listening style has an advantage in that the listeners listen to the content and as a result makes decisions that are more informed. Additionally these groups of listeners are not deceived by advertising. The style also have a drawback in that these group of people questions a lot and thus they can be viewed as being hostile and critical. A major advantage of the action-oriented Listeners is that they easily adapt and more so when there is a need of achieving practical communication goals. This style also has a disadvantage in that they at times arouse resentment, they usually intimidate other listeners, and in most instances, they experience rocky relationships with others. An essential point to note is that the same advantages and disadvantages that are associated with the action-oriented listeners are also applicable to the time oriented listeners. A13: Psychological noise is termed as what usually happens when ones thoughts occupies ones attention completely reading, hearing a message. In a great number of situations, it is usually impossible for a person to be able to free himself or herself from the psychological noise. In the same manner, I have also experienced some psychological noise in life. For one to concentrate ones needs to implement a number of strategies so as to avoid making mistakes because of the psychological noise. The best way in which I have dealt with psychological noise is by recognizing and acknowledging the kind of distractions that a person is facing. Additionally ones also need to concentrate more on what one is doing. This will be of great benefit to me in that with the minimized level of distractions I am likely to do allocated tasks in a very effective manner. A14: when writing a message or an email one needs to consider the relationship that one have with the person he or she is sending the message to. A message and an email that one can send to a friend cannot be sent to a boss or a lecture since these people have a higher level of authority in them. In this manner, I would not in any way send such a message and email to my lecturer. My decision is supported by the fact that the texts and emails seems to be lacking in termed of the level of professionalism applied. When a lecturer and a student are communicating their needs to be some form of normative expectations. Thus when communicating with the lecture and the student needs respectful and professional language. I have learned this level of normative expectations from my earlier interactions with other lectures and from lessons learned earlier in previous subjects. A15: The intended audience tends to have a great influence on the language as well as on the choice of words that the speaker or writer decides to use when addressing them. For instance, when writing and addressing issues related to abuses it would be effective to talk calmly, politely, and more so when one is addressing the young children. When addressing a different audience such as the older people and the middle aged it would be every effective to make use of a more aggressive tone and use real life examples. This is likely to lead to the audience understanding the topic under discussion well and they will be persuaded to shun away from abuses of all forms. The visuals used will, be a constant reminder of the fact that abuses is wring and no one have a right to use another person and in the same light people should be great advocates against abuse in the family and also in the society at large. For example, when discussing a story of assassins to children, it would be effective only to use simple language and words. When dealing with the older audience, it would be effective to make use of visuals. A16: A sales letter From Nature World 5787 Oak Street Asia The Manager Beauty Point Acacia Dear Sir, We would like to introduce our new product to you “Hair Mayonnaise”. The new product can be termed as being among the nest and the mostly used by a great number of women in Asia and all over the globe. We are offering the product at a very competitive price as compared to our close competitors in the market. The claims that have been made above have been greatly informed by the feedback that we get form he customers and from the number of product which we have sold in the first quarter of the year. We would like to introduce and request you to purchase our product and offer feedback after use. Looking forward to your prompt reply. Yours sincerely Lucy McDonald The sales department vice president. . The above message is well formulated and it is likely to reach the target audience and inspire them to make purchases. This is mainly informed by the feedback that the company has received and even new customers will be willing to try out the product. A17: Draft letter Future world 345654 Air roads Deacons Limited 89789 Captain Road Introduction of new models of shoes Dear customers, We would like to introduce to you our new shoes, which are comfortable for the working people. These new shoe designs have just arrived into the country from Italy. The shoes are available in different sizes and colors and there is an interesting offer for those who will purchase more than three pairs of shoes. Additionally, for one to get substantial discounts, one has to make orders as earlier since the discounts will be available for a short period. Please hurry and take advantage of the discounted shoes when the stock last. There is no guarantee that for additional sticks since they are in high demand all over the globe. Simply call the number below 479765456789 to place your orders and remember to specify the number of shoes that one needs. The shoes can also be delivered to your doorsteps. Yours sincerely Sarah Mathews The director Future World. A18: everyone have that one business idea that they can implement when they have the cash and the opportunity since they have a great passion in doing so. A major product that I would offer to website hosting services. My decision will be informed by the wide usage of the internet with time and the need of people to know more about an organization with a lot of ease. I would offer my services to major companies such as the banks, airlines and to tourism agents companies. There seems to be clear and concise link between the service and the needs that the above stated companies have. This can be said to be the case since through the website people will again adequate knowledge on banks and the services they offer. In relation to the airline, people can book and cancels flights and be updates on any changes in their flights due to naturals disasters. When it comes to the tourism agent’s company’s tourist can find and locate destinations that they may wish visit. A19: resumes are mainly used so as to summarize ones educations, talents, skills, experiences and employment history on a concise and clear manner in which the potential employers can understand. While it may be seen to b a common rule for the resumes, to be small there are instances in which longer resumes are justifiable. One such instances is when one makes up a long resume is when they have undertake a number of courses which are somehow related with the aim of undertaking their roles effectively. Another reason when it is justifiable to make use of long resume sis when one has a wide range of experience. There is also an organization that requires that applicants include detailed information about themselves. In such instances, the applicants have no opting but to come up with a long resume to meet the employer’s needs. A20: Speakers need to be aware of the fact that when they a preparing a speech they need to take note of the fact that they have a diverse range of audiences. Therefore, they need to prepare the speech so as to meet the needs of diverse audiences. The best way in which a speaker can prepare a speech so as to reach a diverse audience group is by understanding and studying the different audiences. In this respect, the speaker needs to ensure that the audiences present the speech in a manner that is easily understandable. To meet the needs of the diverse audiences a speaker can make use of a number of various forms of delivery and all these will be aimed at enhancing the speech. For instances the speaker may make use of audios to enhance the delivery of the message. The speaker may also make use of real life examples to help the diverse audiences in understanding the information been delivered in a more better way. A21: The rhetorical situation is termed as being the circumstances in which one gives their speech or presentation. It is of great importance to take note of the rhetorical situation since all the leading views of the rhetorical situation exist in the modern day. Thus, the needs to consider the three elements of rhetorical situation that include the audience, the purpose of the speech as well as the set expectations in the given context. this is based on the fact that when ones understands the rhetorical situation one can gauge the best way in which they can reach their listeners and one can also be able to get their points across. In doing so, one makes a transition from ones viewpoint and move towards the audience members. It is also important to consider the rhetorical situation since if offers guidance as ones plans on how they can employ and implement the various strategies with the aim of guiding their listeners as they interpret and perceive ones message. A22: speakers mainly make use of infmrative speeches with the aim of persuading and informing the audience about certain topics that are of concern in a certain situation. Speakers also need to adapt their messages to their audience. I would adapt the topic to the middle school children by use of articles and real life examples that they are familiar with. This will inform them and offer them with adequate knowledge on tattoos and based on this knowledge they can make informed decisions of whether they can put on tattoos or not. For the college students I would adapt the speech by making use of videos on how the process is done and on the negative impact that tattoos have. This kind of message will be designed so as to instill fear among the students as also as a way of dissuading them from making tattoos in their bodies. By adapting the speech to the two different audiences, they can understand the topic more easily and they can teach others. A23: In the world that we are currently, living in all aspects requires the application of ethics (Mclean 2015). The organizing of a presentation can also be said to involve ethics. When making a presentation ethics is required in that the information presented needs to be the right one. In this light, the presenter needs to consider what they need to include and what they should leave out. For example it would not be ethically right to use sexually revealing messages and more so when addressing the young people. It is also not right to make use of offensive messages or words. A24: The person who inspires me most is Martin Luther King Junior and thus I will make use of his speech that can be found in the link below http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm. In developing the speech the speaker took note of the all the five structural elements in the speech. The heading used is great attention seeker that intrigues a person to want to read the speech. He also makes a very interesting introduction that further ensure that readers go further into reading the speech. The body is also well formulated and it offers inspiration to the reader into achieving what they have ever wanted to achieve in life. The speeches also have a strong residual message. A25: There are wide ranges of technologies that have emerged over the years but among them, the major one, which has transformed my life in a great way, is the emergence and the use of the internet. Cause and effect are two major organizing principles that can be utilized in this case. Sample 1: over time the internet has turned into an important aspect in our daily lives Sample 2: individuals all over the globe needs to make use of the internet and it will play an essential role in their daily lives and in their work environment. References Hayakawa, S. I. (1978). Language in thought and action. Orlando, FL: Harcourt Mclean, S 2015, Management Communication Faculty of Business, Government & Law, University of Canberra. Wrench, J., Goding, A., Johnson, D & Attias, B n.d, Contemporary public speaking, Faculty of Business, Government & Law, University of Canberra. Read More