Organization Managerial Issues Analysis - Assignment Example

Question 2 People - There are different layers of people in the organization beginning with the management. The management must lay down policiesand specific procedures that workers should follow. Similarly, the workplace must be designed by engineers for safety and comfort so people can work efficiently and productively. If the management fails to impose a good system, then all people could contribute to loss because they would commit mistakes. Also, management is responsible for control so it must not just implement rules but also monitor and evaluate the policies it created. Workers need supervision because if they are not guided well, their actions can lead to losses. Equipment – People need equipment to do their jobs. If they are given the wrong equipment, accidents can happen which would lead to loss. If they work with a poor or substandard equipment, efficiency goes down or accidents happen. It is important then for the workplace to be comfortable and safe enough so people can work well. Materials – In order to produce something, people need raw materials. If the materials have defects, loss occurs because the workers cannot efficiently produce an output. If a plank of wood has cracks, then it could possibly split while being processed by a machine and cause mechanical problems. Substandard materials can never produce quality products thus causing loss for the business. Environment- Environment is classified into two : physical and non-physical. The physical environment can be a source of loss if it is not well-maintained. If there is faulty electrical writing, fire can happen which can result to loss. Even toxic fumes in a workplace can cause sickness among workers which results to loss of productivity. People who work in a good environment can be more productive. Non-physical environment – In a business, leadership has a high influence in making people more productive. Leadership must influence people to be their best so productivity would increase. Also, highly-motivated workers would go beyond their duty when organizational environment is very good. If the non-physical environment fails, workers get stressed and de-motivated, then expect a large turn-over of employees which results to loss. 2. I- Identify all loss exposures. This is the most fundamental part in managing risk. All possible sources of losses must be traced and properly documented. Components if a modern loss control system would be enhanced if data or information is included in investigations, tasks analyses, performance observations , material safety data sheets, preventive maintenance logs and other pertinent documentation. If the immediate supervisor in a section identifies raw defective raw materials an reports them immediately to the department concerned, then this could prevent possible loss by minimizing incidents or errors. E- Evaluate the risk The 3 variables in evaluating risk includes severity, frequency and probability. The important thing about these variables is that managers can prioritize which amongst the problems is most urgent. Later, they can categorize the exposure to levels of frequency, severity and probability and let the concerned people handle the situation. D-Develop a plan The first thing in eliminating risk is to develop a plan that would eradicate loss exposure. This is the most ideal part as long as it is feasible for the administration. In case it is not, then a plan must be made that can treat the remaining exposure so the losses would be minimized. The third plan is to create a plan that can tolerate loss exposures again depending on how feasible this maybe. Lastly, the plan that most companies adopt is to transfer the risk by getting an insurance that covers everything. I- Implement the plan A plan would never work until it is implemented. Implementation of a plan is also a good way of evaluating how good the plan is and if the objectives set are realistic and attainable. Planning precedes all management activities yet it also forecasts the outcome in a way. Implementing the plan is a test of how sound the plan is. M-Monitor the system Once a plan is implemented, there must be constant monitoring. This includes evaluating an ongoing system and see how well it works for all the employees. In this case, feedback is needed. Also, evaluation is needed so the administration would know if the system needs any improvement. Lastly, commend if there is a need to recognize people or process that improves the business. On the contrary, people should also be corrected if they are not performing against a set of given expectations. Q3. 1) Describe what happened - An investigation can be effective if everything that happened is traced accurately through documentation. If an accident happened, the people involved must be able to report accurate details as much as possible so losses can be traced to any of the elements : PEME. Pictures, pieces of evidence ( such as poor materials, and a written report is necessary in describing what happened. 2) Determine the real causes – This is very much dependent on the first step – describe what happened. The investigation must not just be an array of facts that leads to nothing. People should trace the underlying causes of an event to be able to determine the real cause. 3) Decide the risks – There are two critical factors behind this : the likelihood of recurrence and the potential for major loss. These are very important because time and money is involved in investigations. 4) Develop controls – Controls should come along with implementation. Controls determine what should be avoided, what should be done etc. Without adequate controls, risks are not minimized because people do not know what to follow. Controls are established to eliminate the recurrence of a problem. 5) Define trends – Investigations when complied together produces a trend. For example, if the workers are less productive at a certain hour, management can probe deeper and find the cause. Defining trends can bring out important issues that must be addressed so they can be prevented from occurring in the future. 6) Demonstrate concern – Investigations must be objective but it must also emphasize something more important – that the business is concerned about safety. The more people feel safe about their environment, the more effective and productive they get. Q4.- The different participants in an investigation include the following: 1. Line leaders – The logic behind involving them is the fact that they are the ones directly accountable to specific areas. They are directly in charge of people working in a section and usually the first ones to know when incidents happen. Any improvement of process or procedures would directly benefit them. Lastly, front line leaders most likely have a control of the situation so they must know all the factors involved in an incident. 2. Managers – Although managers are not at the forefront of operations, they are highly responsible for establishing a system that ensures efficiency and productivity. Also, some incidents involve other departments and managers have the authority to oversee the collective investigation. Lastly, the result of the investigation would again reveal defects in PEME of which the administration can decide upon. After an investigation, it is important to arrive at decisions that can lead again to planning. Managers are at the helm of planning which is why they are included in investigations. 3. Staff personnel – Once in a while, some problems need advisors who come from different departments. For example, the purchasing office may be involved because the materials procured were defective. Q5. Five reasons why employees fail to report incidents: 1. Fear of punishment – It is but natural for people to be afraid of punishment since it is a negative reinforcement. Workers refrain from reporting incidents because they do not want to face sanctions especially when the cause of incident can be traced to their actions. Negligence is one of the underlying reasons that most workers do not want to be known much more to be punished for. 2. Fear of medical treatment – Some people dislike being attended to by a doctor or nurse perhaps due to unpleasant medical treatments in the past. Also, people think of related concerns such as expenses which is why they do not report incidents. 3. Concern about reputation- During the course of an investigation, the cause of the incident can be traced back to a person’s actions. Committing a serious violation is very unpleasant and people are concerned about what their peers would say about their reputation. 4. Avoid work interruption – Sometimes, a worker feels that an incident report would disrupt the work process due to the investigations and reports that must be conducted. As much as possible, these types of people find ways and means to solve a situation so they can go on with their daily tasks. Unfortunately, such attitude is detrimental in improving personal performance and processes. 5. Poor understanding of importance – This is the saddest reason why a person would not want to report an incident. This indicates that the worker is not sincerely concerned with the welfare of others who might also suffer from hazards that are imminent. Read More