Civil War in Sudan - Case Study Example

Civil war in Sudan al affiliation: Thesis ment The review seeks to address some of the challenges or issues that are dealt withby the collection done. Towards the end, the paper also entails the specific targets. I play the role of a deputy of a newly formed NTA (National technical-of collection agency). Issues /problems addressed Civil wars in Sudan One of the key problems to address with the collection is the matter of civil wars that tore the great Sudan. Civil wars and loss of lives in the country are too brutal that I would give them priority in addressing problems in the country. The number of death of civilians in Sudan is one of the largest in the word. The frequent civil wars in the nation’s leads to lots of lives lost in the republic. The civil war in Darfur in Sudan resulted in severe loss of lives of very innocent citizens. The wars were based on tribalism and racial grounds. For instance, the battle and conflict in Darfur began in February of 2003. At that period, the rebels in Sudan were basically against the government that was ruling the state. These rebel groups that waged war against the government were two. These were Justice and Equality movement. The second was the Sudan Liberation Movement. These two groups accused the Sudan government of its biases to the non-Arabic occupants of the Darfur area. However, the government retaliated by carrying out what was popularly known as ethnic cleansing in the Area against the non-Arabs. The act led to serious loss of lives in the area around Darfur. The number of people who died in the genocide was in numbers of hundreds of thousands. A lot of the citizens got displaced, and a good number resorted to refugee camps in and outside the country. In fact, some even went to Kenya and not dreamt of going back to the war-torn country. Very many of these innocent people lost their lives through the mass starvation that followed while the camps were overcrowded. Things were, however, worse since it was the government killing the citizens. Most of the millions of people who got misplaced during the wars fled to neighboring Chad. However, the resources could not be enough to feed all these refugees. The atrocities led to massive loss of life, rape of women and small children as well as severe injuries to many people. Hitherto, the president Omar Al-Bashir then got indicted for the genocide in and crimes against humanity by The Hague-based International Criminal Court. That remains a grave concern in the world since the president has refused to heed to the court Command. Just recently here the head of state went to South Africa in an AU meeting. Amid protests that he was to be arrested as per the order, the president was never arrested amid many complaints. It was a clear indication that these other countries show very little concern for the well-being of the Sudan problems. Just like the former US Secretary General by the name Colin Powel ones described it, that was an act of genocide. I would investigate further on the cause of this genocide and atrocities. Further, I would ensure that I get the particular individuals that also aided in committing the crimes. Alongside that, the I would ensure t5hat I use the intelligence unit to help me gather the collections. Human rights in Sudan The second in the list of priority is human rights. There is no civil war without violation of human rights either at the individual level or a group level. My collection would prioritize human right as the second in its list. Sudan is one country where a violation of the collective human rights is very rampant. These range from the atrocities to the recruitment of underage in many militia groups and defense force, to abuse of prisoners as well as persecution of human rights defenders. What was commonly referred to as the ethnic cleansing in the region of Darfur where the militia groups led serious massacres on tribal line did contribute to a violation of people rights to live (Beskwick, 2006). Almost three hundred thousand people in Darfur lost their lives in the hands of these merciless groups of people in the region. The black Arab militia armed with war artilleries murdered people like dogs in the areas. The UN recorded the number of lives lost. The government contributed very much to the violation of human rights. The president saw some sense of losing his post though the Christians and thus retaliated by ordering for more exchange of fire between the government and the militia groups thus resulting in the massive loss of lives. Many are to blame for the acts. The cases are still lying in the international criminal court of law situated in Hague. Another serious problem that leads to violation of human rights in Sudan is the child soldier problem. The estimation of the child soldier problem in the Republic of Sudan is at seventeen thousand. These are either on the side of the government or the militia groups. Such is a violation of the rights of children as stated by the United Nations children act. However, Sudan has almost the highest number of children recruited as soldiers within its territory. However by the year 2001 around twenty-five thousand soldiers were demobilized from the militia group side. These children are subjected to a lot of inhuman activities such as carrying the heavy AK-47 missiles besides the M-16s (Collins, 2005). They are always put on the front lines of combat. These children don’t do such acts due to their personal willingness, but rather the condition might force them or after some lies. They may sometimes serve as the human mine detectors. Some of these children may end up participating in the dangerous missions like the suicide missions. These children end up losing their lives at very tender ages. The older soldiers compel the children to do the risky things after threatening them to face death upon their refusal. Some of these children may just end up in these groups due to their desperation. Nonetheless, some children are duped with some baseless lies that they would attend schools. These children then participate in the military training facilities after which they serve as soldiers. The acts are too inhuman. Some of the factors that facilitate child soldier in the region is the emergence of some lighter war artilleries, they are also cheap; therefore children can easily load, fire, carry and use the war machine. That has usually led to more recruitment of many children in the military groups. On the other hand, UN has done very little to encounter that concern in Sudan. In as much as they demobilized some of these young soldiers to leave the vice and disarmed many, there were very many young children that remained in the military groups. Even one child is serving as a soldier is to the right of that particular child as stipulated in the United States children acts (Johnson, 2015). Moreover, one of the greatest concerns for the human right violated is the prisoner abuse in Sudan. In the year 2008, when the members of Justice and equality invaded the Khartoum, lots of adults and children were arrested and put in prisons. The Sudanese government; however, refused to disclose the whereabouts of these people to the Human Rights Watch amid many critics. The human rights watch then conducted interviews with the released prisoners that revealed that they underwent a lot of torture while still in the prisons. Some of the prisoners are documented that they suffered a series of abuse while in the prisons. Some were raped and put to experience serious challenges. The state of peace in Sudan One critical issue to address in the Sudan security is the current state of peace in the country. As in the scenario, the current peace of Sudan is still at stake. It would be one of my greatest concerns just as in the collection. Much more personnel would lead the front to ensure that there is a clear record of the affairs of the current state of peace in the country. The information likely to be obtained are as discussed below. For a long period, peace was the song the whole world sang for Sudan. Very many peacekeeping organizations tried their best to reinstate the peace once enjoyed within the precincts of the Sudan territory. Much was done, but it was still a dream, hard to achieve. The signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in the year 2005 had some impacts on the status of the peace of the state. From it, there was a provision that rather gave the people of South Sudan a sense of self-determination. That provision granted these South Sudanese a chance to choose or rather vote either to remain in the as still part of the former Sudan or separate and remain independent. However, CPA, procrastinated almost in everything that they had to do. That was due to technicalities in the implementation of the policies of CPA that were too specific in nature. A date for the referendum was set. It was evidently clear that the people of the South were to support a move for their independence. Some nous of peace was clearly coming. In 2010, most of the international community realized that the South would vote for secession. However, the North viewed it as one that would unite both the south and the north of Sudan. However, just one month after signing of the CPA, John Garang was killed in a helicopter accident. That was a drawback to the state of peace of the republic of Sudan. Some of the drawbacks were the boycotting of elections by the opposition party CPP(Mayer, 2005) . They predicted some sorts of planned rigging of the elections. The reinstatement of peace in the in Sudan involved most of the international bodies. These included the UN and the AU. The South Sudanese attained their independence later on. It is among the youngest countries in the world. However, achieving peace is still a problem to the young state. There are always border problems with the mother country. The oil in the territory is always a target for the former country. Most of her problems have a close tie to the oil in the country. War between the Dink and the Nuer One of the greatest challenges to address is the war and battles among the Dinks and the Nuer. The intelligent unit should take their required actions to make investigations about the rivalry between the two communities. Thorough research should be done, and the number of the experts be reduced though the ones that are recruited should be highly paid to ensure that there is less wastage of resources. The war led to massive loss of lives among the civilians of the two communities. The massive loss of lives resulted in serious violations of human lives. The wars were based on the tribal lines and resulted in the grave breaches of human rights. Specific targets some of the specific objectives of the collection are discussed below: First and foremost, the general goal was to dig deep into the status both current and past status of Sudan. However, the specific objectives were to evaluate and do a thorough research about both leading causes of the Nuer, Dink wars in the year 2013. The intelligence unit who were to investigate the principal actors and the procedures to follow to ensure that we get clear information as a state were also to be evaluated. Above all, our primary concern is to reduce the cost and assess the effectiveness of the collection capabilities. Above all the main concern is to show concern to the international community on matters pertaining peace in other countries. Conversely, our target was to evaluate what needs to be cut off to reduce the security budget in investigations. In as much as the status is wanting, it is clear that Conclusion Serving in the position of the deputy of NTA is one of the challenging tasks. And the Sudan issue is one of the difficult issues that the world has seen. Much more measures should be put to ensure that no more genocides and atrocities are experienced. One has to consider the fact that peace is the mother of all development in any society. Therefore, necessary actions should be put in place to ensure that there is the maintenance of peace at all levels in the world. We don’t want to see any more atrocities! References Amnesty International. (1989). Sudan: Human rights violations in the context of civil war. New York, N.Y. (322 Eighth Avenue, New York 10001: Amnesty International, National Office. Beswick, S. (2006). Sudans blood memory: The legacy of war, ethnicity, and slavery in early South Sudan. Rochester, NY [u.a.: Univ. of Rochester Press. Collins, R. O. (2005). Civil wars and revolution in the Sudan: Essays on the Sudan, Southern Sudan and Darfur 1962-2004. Hollywood: Tsehai Publishers. Johnson, D. H. (2011). The root causes of Sudans civil wars: Peace or truce. Woodbridge, Suffolk: James Currey. Meyer, G., & Nicholls, J. (2005). War and faith in Sudan. Grand Rapids, Mich: William B. Eerdmans Publishing. Rone, J. (1994). Civilian devastation: Abuses by all parties in the war in southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. Sudan, oil and human rights. (2003). Brussels [u.a.. Read More