Opening of Sainsbury in India - Essay Example

Project- Opening of Sainsbury’s (Supermarket) in India Sainsbury’s Project Plan: Part I: Introduction: The Sainsbury’s supermarket group is a competent player in the UK Supermarket industry. It occupies third largest position in the industry. Sainsbury has the mission for providing quality branded food and non food products through its self servicing supermarket system. Customer satisfaction is ensured by the group through providing quality branded consumer products at a lower rate. In the home country UK, Sainsbury had to face stiff competition from market leader Tesco and this has restricted their further growth in the industry. (Sainsbury’s Supermarkets Ltd. 2009). Sainsbury’s needs to adopt translational business strategy to expand the business in the present business and industrial conditions. As a part of their expansion strategy, Sainsbury’s planned to start its supermarket business in the South Asian region. From the market research it identify that Indian market condition is favourable for foreign firms to enter and start business. Thus they select the Indian supermarket industry as their new business location. Sainsbury is aimed to achieve favourable market position in the Indian market with their quality branded products and attractive customer services. They object to start medium sized supermarket chains in the country on a regional basis. Supermarkets are designed to supply all range of consumer products at a minimised rate. Objectives of Sainsbury’s project: a) To provide branded consumer products at fair price b) To attain the significant market share in the industry through starting supermarket chains. c) To enhance the growth of the business d) To attain brand loyalty in the market. Aims and objectives of the Project Plan: The project is aimed to provide a detailed plan for establishment of the supermarket business in India. Through this project, we objected to provide detailed analysis of the required activities for successful implementation of the business. The time schedule required for the project is also analysed as a part of this project study. The risk related to each level of activities in the implementation of project are analysed in this study. The objectives of the Project can be summarised as follows: a) To identify the necessary requirements for starting the business b) To provide the works break down structure adoptable in the project. c) To provide the time schedule required for the project completion. d) To analyse the risk affecting the successful completion of the project. Scope of the Project: Indian market trend is offering greater opportunity to the supermarkets business. Supermarkets business is showing higher growth rate in terms of customer base and profitability. In the prevailing market conditions, Sainsbury has greater scope for profitable launching of supermarket business in India. Branded products have more customer base in the Indian consumer market. Thus with the quality branded products and attractive customer servicing, Sainsbury’s can achieve their targeted market share within the projected time period. Brand loyalty creation should be taken by Sainsbury’s as an important factor for attaining targeted market growth. The operations of the supermarkets should be specially designed to provide a total shopping experience to the customers. Sainsbury can achieve higher business growth in India as it provides plenty of customer bases. In the project plan construction, all the factors relating to the project are identified and analysed. The work break down structure and time scheduling will be helpful for completing the project within the specified time. The risk analysis will help to provide information regarding the risk that may affect the successful project completion. The key benefits of the Indian market are as follows: Improved infrastructure facilities: Infrastructure development in the country is favourable for foreign firms to enter in the Indian market. Production efficiency can be improved with the utilization of better infrastructure facilities. Better resource utilization: The resource available in the region such as highly skilled and efficient human resource at low cost can be effectively utilised for business operations. Transportation and communication system is well developed in the country and it will provide good business environment. Increase customers: Indian market will provide greater customer base for expanding the business operations. Better social environment: In India the social environment are favourable for business firms. When compared to other south Asian Countries, the sociological factors existing in India are attractive for foreign firms. Work break down structure: Work break down structure is a tool for dividing the work related to complex projects in understandable smaller divisions. It is work oriented break down structure of the total project operations. It helps to organise all the operations related to a project in a sequential basis. In WBS “large complex projects are organised and comprehended by breaking them into progressively smaller pieces until they are a collection of defined work packages that may include a number of tasks. The WBS is soused to provide the framework for organising and managing the work.” (Chapman 2007). WBS helps to avoid complexities and confusion relating to a project. In this method, the divided projects are organised in a logical way by applying the WBS techniques. The complexity in project can be easily managed through this technique. It is helpful to define the project scope. Work breakdown structure of the new project of Sainsbury’s: Level 1: Procuring building premises suitable for the business: In this level acquiring of building premises suitable for the supermarket business is included. The legal requirements relating to the acquiring process is also has to fulfil at this stage. Business contracts with building owners and licensing for staring the business are included at this level. Level 2: Conducting market research for identifying the features of the customers Level 3: Designing the building premises suiting with the business needs, Level 4: Contracting with supplier chains to ensure regular supply of products Level 5: Starting the business Scheduling of the project activities: The total project for staring the business is aimed to complete within a 10 month period of time. Gantt chart is used to present the total time schedule required for the project. “A Gantt Chart is a diagrammatic representation of the timing and duration of the various sequential phases of a project. It is commonly used in project management.” (Gantt Chart. 2008). Gantt chart is an effective tool for planning and scheduling operations involved in a project. In this chart, the interrelationships between different activities are involved. It is applicable to projects for which time durations can be estimated. (Sci-Tech Encyclopedia: Gantt Chart. 2008). The steps involved in the Sainsbury’s project in order to ensure the successful implementation of the project are described below; Step A) The location selection: At this stage, the desired location for starting the business is selected by considering different marketing features. Advantages relating to customer base, availability of resources and opportunity for growth and development are considered while the selection process. Usually it takes a one month time period. Step B) Procurement of business premises: In the second stage, after the location is selected, suitable building premises available in the location is analysed with various factors suitable for obtaining the new business objectives by facilitating its well functioning. This will take a one month time period. Step C) Meeting the legal requirements: Steps for acquiring the business premises and the license for starting the business is carried out in this stage. The project will take three months for completing the legal requirements. Step D) designing the building premises: In this stage, the building premises acquired at the central place in the market is re- arranged for the business needs. This will require three month time period. Step E) Steps for acquiring the infrastructure facilities: In this stage, infrastructure facilities such as electricity and water are attained by meeting the legal requirements for this purpose. This will take 2 month time period. Step F) Installation of equipments: In this stage, steps for installing the necessary equipments for the business are carried out. This will take a maximum time period of one month. Step G) Recruitment of the Human resource: In this stage, recruitment process of human resource required for various levels of operation in the business is carried out. This will take a time period of two months. Step H) Training to the staff: In this stage, adequate training will provided to the recruited staff. This will take one month time period. Step I) Furnishing: In this stage, furnishing of the business unit is carried out. This is the final stage of the starting up of the business. It will take a time period of three weeks. Gantt chart for the project is shown below: Gantt Chart Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Activity A   B   C       D       E     F   G     H   I   Organisation Break down Structure: The organisation break own structure of Sainsbury’s Project can be described as below: The entire control of the new project is held with the CEO and he is the owner of the project. In order to manage the entire process involved in the project, a group of directors are appointed. Each of them is individually responsible for well functioning of their respective department and accountable to the CEO. In order to assist the directors, line mangers are appointed at the cite level. For supervising the project process, adequate number of supervisors is appointed for each of the project functions. The organisational structure diagram is shown below; Cost Break down Structure (Budget of project): Cost beak down structure explains the fund requirements for the project. The cost budget of the project is described below; Cost for acquisition of building premises: The cost requirements for acquiring the building premises are estimated for an amount of $ 1,000,000. Plant and machinery costs: The estimated plant and machinery cost for the project involves purchasing costs, placement of machines, installation cost etc. The estimated cost for this seems to be $ 200,000. Working capital cost: The working capital requirements for the project include cost for purchasing raw materials, transportation of inventory and warehousing charges. It is estimated that $ 100,000should be incurred for the working capital. Personnel Cost: The personnel cost includes procurement of labour force and their training. Business Disruption/Protection cost: It includes wastage of materials, loss due to lack of production efficiency etc. Personnel cost for the project is estimated to be $ 50,000. Other cost factors: Research and development cost, project and planning and control expenses, insurance cost, taxation charges for an amount of $ 30,000 should be required for the project. Cost budget: Amount in $ Building premises 1,000,000 Plant and machinery 200,000 Working capital 100,000 Personnel cost 50,000 Other cost 30,000 Total cost requirement for the project = $ 1,380,000. Team Development for the Sainsbury’s supermarkets: Team development is a crucial stage in the business project of Sainsbury’s. Through developing team for each activity required for the project completion, it will helps to attain trust and productivity enhancement among the workers. Team development is the “enhancement of the effectiveness of work groups, by improving goal-and role- clarification and interpersonal processes.” (Team Development. 2009). Team development is aimed to develop trust and productivity among the team members. It helps team to perform their duties well by engaging in self examination processes. It creates awareness among the team members about their strength and efficiency required for the project success. The group will attain capability to take decisions and actions helpful or improving the efficiency, productivity and total quality of the project. Cooperation among the team members are developed through the development process and will help each team member to perform well in the organisation. It involves different stages. Team development inspirits team members to set higher goals and take actions for achieving the targeted goals. Each member in the team will be motivated to perform well as they get assistance and support from team leaders. (Neddermeyer 2009). TUCKMAN model for team development: In the TUCKMAN model, there involves five stages in the team development process. They are descried below; Stage 1: Forming Stage: Stage 2: Storming Stage: Stage 3: Norming Stage Stage 4: Performing Stage Stage 5: Adjourning Stage (Tuckman Forming Storming Norming Performing Model. 2008). TUCKMAN Model in the team development of Sainsbury’s project: Stage 1: Forming Stage: In the forming stage, interactions between team members are involved. It is the orientation phase intending to develop familiarity among the team members. The group tasks are not well established in this stage. The direction from the leader is relied at this stage. This period intends to develop acceptable interpersonal behaviour among the team members for carrying out the project activities. The leader specifies the roles and responsibilities of the team members. Stage 2: Storming stage: This is the second stage of team development. Position based interaction between the team members and with the leader is involved at this stage. Focusing of individual activities towards the group goals is not fully established at this stage. Emotional issues among the team members will arise at this stage and this will require compromises to enable to progress of the project. Stage 3: Norming stage: In the norming stage, agreements and consensus is built up largely among the team members. The roles and responsibilities of each individual in the team are clearly specified at this stage. Thus activities of the team member are focused to the team goals at this stage. The decision making power for individual actions are delegated to each individual which is subjected to the group goals. Major decisions are taken by the mutual agreement within the group. In this stage, commitment and unity of the individual members in the group are becoming strong. Social interactions of team members are also involved at this stage. Stage 4: Performing Stage: In the fourth stage, the team is more aware about the strategies required to adopt by the team for achieving its goals. The vision, mission and group goals of the team are clearly specified at this stage. Necessary alterations to processes and structures are made within the tam at this stage. The leader has an overseeing and controlling role at this stage. Stage 5: Adjourning stage: This is the final stage of team development. In the adjourning stage, the well being of the team members is ensured. This stage is relevant for ensuring the personal satisfaction of the team members. Successful completion of the project and the achievement of team purpose are established at this stage. Monitoring and managing risks: Project plan is subjected to various risks and uncertainties. This pay affects the completion of the project within the targeted time and cost factors. Risk analysis is a technique designed to quantify the impact of uncertainty. It is usually conducted at the beginning of a project or o compares two or more alternative scenarios, action plans or policies. It typically results in a plan of action to avoid the risks or minimise their consequences. (Risk Analysis. 2008). Stakeholders’ analysis: The main aspect regarding Sainsbury is with regard to its strong competitors who may not be willing to provide a greater market share to this supermarket chain. During 1998, a new challenge came upon Sainsbury when US retail chain major Wal-Mart acquired controlling interests in one of its nearest competitor, Asda. Again “Tesco had largely replaced Sainsburys as the U.K. supermarket chain known for quality--and had thereby become the first choice for most middle- and upper-middle-class shoppers.” (J Sainsbury Plc. 2008). From the growth point of view the following aspects are important for continued success of the products in various areas of its operation: 1. The market share of products: It is seen from the chart below that major increases in market share have occurred in various segments operating in UK, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Market share by region 2008 % 2007 % Scotland 6.1 6.1 North East 8.5 7.7 Lancashire 9.5 9.3 Yorkshire 10.6 9.2 Midlands 15.5 15.8 Wales & West 9.5 9.8 East England 14.3 14.5 London 24.8 24.4 South 19.1 20.5 South West 13.8 15.3 Northern Ireland 16.1 15.2 (Our Business and its Markets). This has to be considered with the fact that operating costs in these segments would be on Increase due to increased food costs and inflationary pressures on the economy. Pricing: It is also necessary that food products need to be moderately priced since markets in UK are highly competitive, and margins are controlled by regulatory agencies. In risk analysis, assessment of risk related to various operations involved in a project is carried on for developing strategies to overcome or reduce the impact of such risks ion the project operations. There are mainly three types of risks, risk related to time, cost and project performance. Risks related time constraints are called as schedule risks, risks related to procurement of financial resources are called as cost risks, and risks related to projected performance are called as performance risk. (Galway 2004). Risks are inevitable part of any project. In today’s business conditions, all of the activities are subjected to certain element of risk. In case of business in consumer market, changes in the customer behaviour and entry of new competitors in the market are main constraints for completing the projected action in time. These may result in delay of the project completion because in the changed business conditions, renewed business strategies have to be followed. Formal risk analysis will help to assess the risk related to project. Thus relevant strategies can be adopted in time to reduce the impact of risks on successful project completion. The risk analysis also helps to assess the cost effectiveness of the cost control strategies adopted in the business. (Risk Analysis & Risk Management. 2009). Project risk analysis assists the analysis and controlling of risks associated with a project. It ensures successful completion of project within the budgeted time, cost and performance factors. The first step in risk management is to identify the risks and uncertainty factor associated with a project. (Project Risk Analysis and Management. 2000). Risk related to the Sainsbury’s project in India: The project plan of Sainsbury’s for starting business operations in India may be affected by uncertainties in the environment. Sources of risk related to the project are discussed below; Risk related to human factors: a) Risks related to proper control over the human resources: For directing and controlling the human resource, roles and responsibilities of each personnel in the organisation have to be clearly defined and implemented. b) Risks related to the recruitment process: In the recruitment of process, there may be risk relate to poor staff selection due to the insufficiency of adequate skilled and talented candidates or default in the recruitment process. This will affect the human resource procurement with adequate quality for the business. There may be chance of leave of employees after training due to lack of adequate quality for the business. Risks related to political factors: a) Unstable political system: Indian political condition is very unstable in nature. Due to this the prevailing laws may be changed according to the changes in the ruling parties. Thus a constant business policy may not be assured in the present industrial conditions. The tax rate of the country is always fluctuating in nature. It will affect the budgeted performance of the project. Achievement of projected objectives may be affected due to the fluctuating political system. b) Risk related to foreign trade: Sainsbury’s new project requires foreign trade transactions. Thus the foreign trade regulation in between the two countries may be affected to the project plan. c) Failure to pass the business proposal for the project plan: The project plan may be rejected by the regulatory authority de to technical defaults. If the government disapproves the plan due to their political ideology related to foreign investment in the country market. This will affect the projected plan completion. Environmental risks: a) Threats from the local community: Environmental risks resulting from the wastage disposal and related activities may invite restriction from the community and this will affect the successful implementation of the project. b) Transportation risks: The new project of Sainsbury does require larger amount of transportation in between the home country and the investing country. The transportation may face a number of restrictions such as delay in the shipment, natural and terrorist attack may affect the timely transportation of goods and inventory required for the project. Legal risks: Legal risks such as contracting rules will affect the services of suppliers on a projected basis. Legal procedures required for stating the business and entering in business contract with suppliers are very complex in nature. Sometimes business may require huge compensation fee for failure in meeting legal procedures. Economic/ financial risk: a) Funding risk: A larger portion of the fund requirements for the new project of Sainsbury’s had to meet from the external sources such as share capital and from banks and other financial institutions. The changes in the financial condition in the economy such as inflation will negatively affect the procurement of financial resources. b) Currency Risk: In the project of Sainsbury, currency risk may be affected as it requires denomination in different currencies will be required in case of resource allocation from the home country for the new business in India. Technical risks: a) Professional negligence: Due to professional negligence, there may be risk for completing the project within the projected time and cost limits. b) Inadequate specification: This will act as risk for getting adequate quality in the project. c) Human error: It will be affected the project process. d) Health and safety risks: Health and safety risks are inherent in every project. Commercial risks: a) Time risks: The time can act as a risk in the project because there may be delay in the completion of the activities within the specified time budget. This may be due to inadequate time allocation for the specified activities in the project. While carrying the activities related the project, a risk that may be affecting the project has to be carefully handled by the project team members mutually. Appropriate risk control strategies should be formed by the managers for minimising the impact of risk on project. Risk analysis will be helpful for finding out the effective strategy for controlling the risks related to various stages of the project. Part II It is now proposed to consider the business impact of Sainsbury’s forays into the Indian markets. Although Sainsbury reigned in the No.1 position in food and grocery markets in the UK during the 1980’s, subsequently it lost its supremacy to Tesco, and was relegated to the 3rd position in the UK markets. However, it is to Sainsbury’s credit that it could take pride that it “employs roughly, 145,000 people, has 535 stores and serves over 11 million customers each week. “ (Sainsbury’s Management Essay). It is seen that J. Sainsbury’s entry into the Indian markets is propitious. This is because there is a burgeoning middle class in this country who are very quality conscious and choosy about the kind of food that they consume. Although there are a plethora of Indian supermarkets and retail chains operating in the country, their quality standards have left a lot to be desired, especially among the urbanised, educated and highly food discerning segment of the consumer markets. Add to this is the sizeable portion of the NR Indians who have lived abroad and are well aware of the divergence between Indian foods and that, of say, available in UK markets. “Interestingly, the fact is while the country’s GDP growth rate had increased from 3.5% in 2002-03 to 9% in 2006-07; the food processing sector has grown from 7% to 13.1% during the same period. However, market experts are of the opinion that in future, the food product is going to contribute towards India’s GDP growth.” (Indian Food Processing Industry. 2008). What are main advantages to be gained by Sainsbury in making forays into Indian markets? 1. It is believed that food prices especially that of grocery items are on the rise in UK thus, it is possible that these foods and grocery items could be airlifted into the Indian markets to cater to the needs of high and middle class consumers here. 2. Labour costs in UK are high and growing even steeper with the times. Further, labour in the UK Consumer and grocery markets are well regulated by trade unions, which play a very important part in controlling labour in this country; thus, it is possible that Sainsbury, India could provide leeway and higher profit margins, with lower labour and operating costs in this country. Further, it is also seen that the growing Indian middle class commands a high purchasing power, contributing enormously in terms of per capita incomes. Certain states in India are major foreign exchanges earners and NRI contribute immensely to the revenues of these State. Thus, it could be said that India offers a large, diversified and growth oriented market for high quality food products, especially grocery items provided by Sainsbury. 3. Further, it is also seen that the Indian economy is buoyant and upcoming. It is moving away from a closed economy to a market driven one and FDI investments are on the rise. “The country has already acquired 51.0 percent FDI in single brand retailing and this figure is likely to increase further, as MNCs are encouraged to expand their business in the country. Such developments trigger a need for outsourcing the logistics operations, especially since knowledge of the local market conditions is imperative for the MNCs to operate successfully in a country with diverse geography and demographic needs.” (Frost and Sullivan 2006). 4. From the stakeholders point of view it could be said that with low operating costs, lesser selling and distribution expenses, higher quantum of sales and turnover due large number of consumers, India offers a wide scope not only in terms of start- up consumer business but also in terms of future growth, progression and ROI. Moreover, it is also seen that Sainsbury’s hopes of future growth in the British or Scottish markets could be stalled by Tesco supermarkets, who are now in the No.1 position in UK and who have been instrumental in relegating Sainsbury to 3rd position after Tesco, Asda. Again, it is unlikely that Sainsbury could regain its supreme position in the near future, and thus the only way left for them is to seek growth, expansion and profitability in other lucrative places in the world. Alternative proposal: The alternative proposal for setting up Sainsbury grocery retail chain would be in other countries of the sub-continent, Sri Lanka, Pakistan or Bangladesh. If a competitive estimate of growth and profitability potential of these counties are compared with what is available in Indian sub-continent, it could be seen that the profits are more in case of India, when compared to others in this part of the world. “The number of traditional retail stores is also growing rapidly, and the trend is likely to continue for the next three years. By 2007, the number of stores is likely to be 7.8 million with bulk of the growth coming from grocers and street corner stores.” (CII-ORG MARG Report: India Emerging as Major Food Market. 2007). Government regulators: It is seen that the present market need to comply with governmental regulatory frameworks in terms of compliances. “The Group’s operations are subject to a broad spectrum of regulatory requirements particularly in relation to planning, competition and environmental issues, employment, pensions and tax laws and in terms of regulations over the Group’s products and services.” (Principle Risks and Uncertainties. 2008). Human resource management and labour issues: It is seen that Sainsbury employs over 160,000 colleagues across all its operations in UK, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. Given the high challenges involved “The Group’s employment policies, remuneration and benefits packages are designed to be competitive with other companies, as well as providing colleagues with fulfilling career opportunities.” (Principle Risks and Uncertainties. 2008). Economic and environmental issues impinging upon company: It is seen that the company adheres to strong inherent principles of honest and ethical dealings in business, along the supply chain management (SCM) and in dealing with employees, bankers and third party commitments. It is believed that these precepts would form the bulwark of our overseas operations also, especially in the Asian markets, and in India. Need for diversification into non-food products: It is seen that although Sainsbury have made entry into non-food areas, it is behind its competitors who had made forays into these markets quite some time back. It is necessary that this company needs to quickly regain lost ground, and the best opportunity could be in terms of making large supermarket investments in India, which affords a ready market for both food and non-food items, at competitive prices. Tesco has already opened shops in India: It is seen that Tesco, arch rivals of Sainsbury, have already invested in Mumbai, India and the marketing tie-up with Tata “will see the British company aim to carve out a profitable niche of the $350bn (£185bn) Indian retail market. Forecasts say the market could double in size by 2015.” (Ramesh 2008). Handover and closure of project: It could be seen that once the formal approval from the Government of India (GOI) is received with regard to permission to operate business in India, the Company would commence operations from Mumbai, India. This is in line with accepted company policies and is also being followed by competitors and rival supermarket chains operating in Indian sub-continent. It is necessary that a subsidiary unit called Sainsbury (India) would need to be opened which could take over the assets and arrange for lease agreements for the premises and commencement of Indian operations. A Chief Executive Officer (CEO) would need to be appointed for heading Indian operations, and he would be responsible for the complete project for a period of 3 years, from hiring of personnel, commencing supply chain, logistics management and also in charge of day-to-day operations to begin with. At a later stage, he would be permitted to have a set of executive managers for various activities like Shop management, internet business, finance and administration, and also personnel to co-ordinate with UK office. Once the formal operations of Sainsbury India begin, the project would be closed and all matters would now be dealt by this company. However, it needs to be understood that this is only a subsidiary or overseas branch of the parent company, Sainsbury UK and the superintendence, direction and control over this company would vest with J. Sainsbury, UK. Conclusion: Thus it could be said that one of the most convincing reasons for the entry of Salisbury into the India markets could be in terms of the fact that its rivals like Wal-Mart and Tesco have already made necessary inroads into such markets and are providing a large value of consumable to the Indian consumers through wholesale distribution systems. Salisbury’s entry would also allow it to gain competitive advantage in terms of market positioning and could help solve logistic and supply chain management problems. It could also be seen in terms of the fact that India could serve as the hub country for it to strengthen and consolidate its position in the Asian sub-continent and it could also serve other important countries from its Indian base. Bibliography CHAPMAN, James R. (2007). Work Breakdown Structure. [online]. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.hyperthot.com/pm_wbs.htm CII-ORG MARG Report: India Emerging as Major Food Market. (2007). [online]. The Information Company Private Limited. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.domain-b.com/news_review/200511nov/20051121newsb.html FROST., and SULLIVAN. (2006). Market Overview: Entry of Multinational and Higher Logistic Requirements Boost Demand for Third Party Logistics. [online]. MarketReserach.com. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.marketresearch.com/product/display.asp?productid=1398255&SID=98329803-437778187-533435328 GALWAY, Lionel. (2004). Quantitative Risk Analysis for Project Management: A Critical Review. [online]. RAND Corporation. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/2004/RAND_WR112.pdf Gantt Chart. (2008). [online]. Visitask. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.visitask.com/gantt-chart-g.asp Indian Food Processing Industry. (2008). [online]. Bharat Book Bureau. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.bharatbook.com/Market-Research-Reports/Indian-Food-Processing-Industry.html J Sainsbury Plc. (2008). [online]. Answer.com. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.answers.com/topic/j-sainsbury-plc-adr NEDDERMEYER, Dorothy M. (2009). Definition: Team Development. [online]. SelfGrowth.com. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.selfgrowth.com/articles/definition_team_development.html Our Business and its Markets. [online]. J Sainsbury Plc. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.j-sainsbury.com/ar08/businessreview/ourbusiness.shtml Principle Risks and Uncertainties. (2008). [online]. J Sainsbury Plc. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.j-sainsbury.com/ar08/businessreview/principalrisks.shtml Project Risk Analysis and Management. (2000). [online]. Apm. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.eurolog.co.uk/apmrisksig/publications/minipram.pdf RAMESH, Randeep. (2008). Explained: India’s £185bn Grocery Market. [online]. Guardian.co.uk. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/aug/12/tesco.india Risk Analysis. (2008). [online]. Visitask. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.visitask.com/risk-analysis-g.asp Risk Analysis & Risk Management. (2009). [online]. Mind Tools. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMC_07.htm Sainsbury’s Management Essay. [online]. Business Teacher. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.businessteacher.org.uk/free-management-essays/sainsburys-management-essay/ Sainsbury’s Supermarkets Ltd. (2009). [online]. Accenture. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.accenture.com/Countries/Austria/Services/By_Industry/Retail/Client_Successes/SainsburysLtd.htm Sci-Tech Encyclopedia: Gantt Chart. (2008). [online]. Answers.com. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.answers.com/topic/gantt-chart Team Development. (2009). [online]. BusinessDictionary.com. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/team-development.html Tuckman Forming Storming Norming Performing Model. (2008). [online]. Businessballs.com. Last accessed 27 January 2009 at: http://www.businessballs.com/tuckmanformingstormingnormingperforming.htm Read More