Nursing Models and Theory in Todays Clinical Environment - Assignment Example

However, most of these theories and models were developed during the 1970s and 1980s, more theories and models were developed but they were misunderstood as they did not provide sufficient solutions to nursing environments due to their inapplicability. The first theory was developed by Peplau, (1952) who established a therapeutic relationship between nursing sciences and patient’s needs. Peplau, (1952) identified nurses as being the agents of change. He pointed out four major processes that are relevant to all nurses.

These include orientation, identification, exploitation, and resolution. Another theory was developed by Rogers, (1970) who identified human beings as important perpetrators in offering health services and conserving the environment. Most of these theorists aimed to provide a comprehensive and sufficient definition of nursing to help individuals to have a full understanding of nursing concepts and try to implement the latter in practical applications. For instance, Harmer and Henderson, (1995) defined nursing in relation to human functional needs such as eating, sleeping, personal care, working, exercising among other fundamental needs.

Nursing should be defined by all health measures taken by both patients and nurses which facilitate living a healthy life.             As the theoretical enterprise became more pronounced, nursing models diversified each having a wider scope in the socio-environmental context. For instance, Roy, (1980) developed a model describing a biological and psychological approach to attain social optimality by nurses. Riehl’s interaction model laid particular emphasis on nurses who should help their patients to acquire roles relevant to responding to various changes in the health sector.

Orem’s model is indicated as being the most widely used model in facilitating progress from self-care deficiency to unconventional living skills (Orem, 1991). Critique Nursing being one of the most applicable courses has scuffled to propound itself as a vocation. However the course lacks obscure skills and while a broad realism may serve victims well, negligence to communicate a clear conceptual framework exposes nursing to extraneous jurisdiction. Although the nursing field has positively changed over the last two decades, there have been various arguments against most models.

Firstly, nursing eludes definition. Although different theorists have come up with various definitions, most of them oscillate around the concept of universal care. When nursing is used as the basis for developing and applying theoretical knowledge, a precise depiction of nursing as a role and as a course is important. However, its lack of a satisfactory definition raises questions on how theorists develop nursing theories. Secondly, nursing lacks a sufficient prescription for practice. A good model should have clear concepts and processes that should explain how nursing theories should be implemented into practical applications.

However, most of these models fail to explain how practitioners should utilize nursing concepts in modern-day nursing environments.  In addition, most of these models and theories have been found to be incompatible with evident-based practice. The practices that are used in most nursing environments are completely different and contradict the concepts explained by most models. This brings the critique that most theories are untested philosophical musings that provide inapplicable information in the nursing field.

This means that these theories and models will soon become redundant and might not be used in the future Almost similar to insufficient prescription for practice, another shortcoming of the nursing theories and models is their irrelevance to modern health care systems. Clarke, (2006) argues that theoretical framework has little impact in enhancing the credibility of nursing. This might be a result of massive technological advancements that have led to the progression of nursing from a mere vocation to a professional course.

Theories and models that were developed during the 1970s and 1980s have therefore become outdated and outmoded and cannot be used in modern nursing environments. It should be noted that the theory of nursing should be a continuous process and new theories should be developed or amendments made on the existing ones to address modern clinical needs. Conclusion Despite the inapplicability of these theories and models, some countries such as the United States and the UK have put extra efforts to find particular elements that can be derived from the theories and models to make them applicable in their hospitals.

As a result, the authorities in these two nations have continued to support nursing science by providing sufficient funds to enhance smooth operations within the nursing environments. To bring applicability, nursing theories and models should be re-established and amended in modern-day teachings and research.