Technologies for Each of the Building Elements - Essay Example

Technologies for Each of the Building Elements Sub-Structure The basement structure for the building element bares the ground floor and supports the entire building. It comprises of the parking space, a swimming pool and a storage plant. The location of the swimming pool at the basement greatly influences the designing of the basement and the entire building element and as a result, it has to be an eco-friendly. Advanced technology with modish building styles are therefore considered to meet the architectural requirements for a perfect completion of the building element. To begin with, the chosen site for the construction of the building should be a hill-side loping. This would ensure sufficient lighting of the ground floor and the entire basement (Basarkar, Manish, Mohapatro & Mutgi, 2010). The foundation layout to be adopted for the building is deep foundation type. The chosen type of foundation has a profound load bearing layer. This would take into accounts the entire weight of the building alongside the weight of the motors and other stored pieces of equipment found in the basement region. The basement walls would preferably adopt a concrete slurry walls (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). The concrete slurry walls would act as reinforcement to the building element and the basement region alongside acting as the basis for wall retention during other excavation activities while carrying out the extraction process (Basarkar, Manish, Mohapatro & Mutgi, 2010). The slurry wall is also advantageous as it increases the spatial resolution. However, its installation can only be done during the building of the basement (Lau, 2006). The other advanced technology that would be appropriate while establishing the building element while the construction process is still at the basement stage would be fitting of the seismic isolators. The building technology was improvised in the early 1980s and has rarely been adopted across many regions in the world (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). The seismic isolation would serve the purpose of detaching the building element from the ground. The installation would thus ensure that the impact of earthquake waves is not felt throughout the building when there is an impact of seismic waves (Lau, 2006). As a result possible damages that may arise from the effect are minimized. The technique of installation has also been described as the basement isolation technique as it is fitted at the basement level of the building (Basarkar, Manish, Mohapatro & Mutgi, 2010). Further the isolation ensures the structure is flexible alongside a horizontal plane and serving as a damping element therefore limiting the impact that of earthquake waves and vibrations that results as a result of motor motion within the building (Lau, 2006). The selected technology is suitable to in the construction process of the building and acts as a preventive measure to a series of damages that may results as a result of wave motion (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). The technology however, requires a damping as a backup which therefore serves as a limitation. The swimming pool section could also be fitted with an air conditioner, an electric substation and a water tank among other ancillary structures such as the bin point, meter compartment and the guard house. The fittings serve the purpose of supplying the swimming pool section and ensuring the environment is an eco-friendly (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). The basement would further adopt passive energy dissipation devices technology (Deplazes, 2005). As in the case with seismic isolators, passive energy dissipation appliances lower the impact of input energy that results from earthquakes. There hence, the appliance also serves in the reduction of structural damage (Lau, 2006). Additionally, the device protects the entire building against the impact of wind alongside the earthquakes as stated. For this matter there construction is always within the concrete frame work of the slurry wall constructed within the basement of the building (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). When the technology is adopted it would thus be advantageous to the construction element as it protect the structure from damages that may possible results due to the impact of seismic waves. In addition, it protects the building from the impact of wind and other vibrations that may have great damage on the building (Basarkar, Manish, Mohapatro & Mutgi, 2010). The car parking facility that is also located at the basement would adopt an automatic multilevel system. The facility would thus be in a position to minimize car crowding and congestion alongside the pavement and grass loans. The basement slabs for the car park section located on the basement region and the first floor to adopt a partial bottom up and top down technology during the construction process of the basement. A similar technique is adopted for the storage and changing room section (Basarkar, Manish, Mohapatro & Mutgi, 2010). The technique would be advantageous for the construction process of the basement region as it would offer a chance for tubings that would serve the swimming pool section and the rest of the building (Deplazes, 2005). The technology used for the basement region construction has been widely used in India and covers across a number of construction elements (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). The elements which have been applied in the construction process through the technology comprised slab casting sequence and excavation (Lau, 2006). This would ensure a proper organization of the slabs beginning with the first slab to the last slab. Structural columns and other piles in the basement region were also constructed using the technology (Basarkar, Manish, Mohapatro & Mutgi, 2010). The columns would be properly embedded within the slurry concrete structure for reinforcement of the basement region and the entire building element. There hence it would be much advantageous for the construction of the basement region (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). The top-down construction technology also has an additional advantage as the organization of the slabs offers a horizontal support required for any story building (Chen, 2011). However, the technique has ca disadvantage as the headroom that used for excavation are always limited (Basarkar, Manish, Mohapatro & Mutgi, 2010). Super-Structure The super-structure comprises the ground bearing floors, frames and the upper floors of the building. The technology that would be referable for the construction of the floors would involve the utilization of steel fibers as the main frame. Fibers have an advantage in the construction process of tall buildings when used alongside the concrete wall (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). They offer sufficient load bearing capacity which is a critical factor when putting up a storey building. Further, they control the shrinkages that could be induced in the building through crevices and cracks (Lau, 2006). The roughened surface of the steel fibers alongside enlarged and hooked ends ensures the structure has adequate pull out resistance. There hence, the concrete used in construction of both the ground floor and the upper floors exhibit a reasonable ductility which is a factor in the designing of the floor thickness (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). In achieving the maximum counter balancing of the tensile stress, a pre-tensioning and post-tensioning are adopted (Deplazes, 2005). The merits of the technology in construction of the ground floor comprise the fact that they have greater efficiency as compared to the RC technology (Farzad & John, n.d). Further, they have a longer span, increased rigidity, high durability, and a better outlook. However, it has certain limitations which include increased cost of construction, regular maintenance, and are quite dangerous when the tendons are broken as it may result to death during prestressing (Lau, 2006). A prestressed concrete alongside the steel fibers when adopted for the construction process would serve unlimited advantages to the construction of the floors of the building. It has been exuded that the prestressed concrete plays a critical role in ensuring the structure fits the precise intention it is designed for (Farzad & John, n.d). During service conditions the prestressed concrete ensures an improved strength and suffices stress management of the entire floors of the building element. The external loads exert tensile stress to any building element (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). There hence, adopting the prestreeing technology through the utilization of the prestressed concrete would serve the purpose of counterbalancing this kind of stress (Farzad & John, n.d). The main frame that should be adopted for the construction comprise a technology that would corporate the use of steel (Lau, 2006). Steel in the recent past has been used widely in construction of modern storey facilities. They portray unlimited advantages. One of the major advantages is the fact that the steel frames are usually prefabricated. As a result they are much preferable products which have exhibited high quality (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). Further they are always lighter in weight and minimizes on the time spent organizing the site activities. It has also been evaluated that the use of steel ensures all the conduit systems are fully accommodated. Lastly, they do reinforce the activity of seismic isolation in withstanding seismic waves (Chen, 2011). The location of the swimming pool in the ground floor and the basement region would probably results into cold in the storage plant and the car park section. Therefore, a technology that would ensure the section is incorporated with an insulation layer is adopted for the construction of the building element (Deplazes, 2005). The technology would thus be advantageous to the entire structure as it would protect the basement region from experiencing frost. The section of the floors covering the offices would adopt a profile decking floors technology (Emmitt & Gorse, 2013). The technology has been used in the construction of building elements that bears offices and other executive apartments. The technology comprises the use steel decking alongside topping using a concrete (Lau, 2006). The technology best suits sections of the building element that do not experience a large multitude of external stress (Farzad & John, n.d). The technology has a number of advantages which include reduced utilization of the frame work and thus would save on the cost of the construction of the building element. The decking system further offers resistance to shrinking which my lead to serious crevices on the building. Additionally it lowers the dead weight due to the utilization of a lightweight concrete (Farzad & John, n.d). Cladding and Roofing Cladding and roofing are essential stages in the establishment of a building element. It follows after the floors have fully been erected and the entire necessary framework required for the construction process have been put in the right position. It gives the building a desired outlook as given out in the plan (Cheung, 2009). Therefore the choice of the technology to be adopted for cladding and the roofing of the building element has to take into considerations the necessary advances in technology (Alan & Maarten, 2009). In our case the cladding would apply a precast concrete cladding technology. This technology would be beneficial for the construction process in a number of ways. Precast concrete has a fire performance ability which makes it unique among other cladding materials (Alan & Maarten, 2009). As a result it is always fire resistant. Additionally, the material has a high strength to weight ratio and relatively high mobility (Cheung, 2009). There hence the technology is much beneficial for the cladding purposes during the establishment of the building element. The technology has been used by the British architects in the construction of storey buildings (Alan & Maarten, 2009). The cladding system also covers the roofing system which one of the five basic sides of the building element. In this case the precast concrete cladding would only covers the four sections of the building forming the entire wall (Cheung, 2009). Additionally, the cladding covers the footbridge in between the different sections of the floor. The concrete is standardized hence minimizes the cost of the construction process (Alan & Maarten, 2009). Additionally, they ensure minimal time is required for detailing and production alongside lowering any risk that may occur in the process (Cheung, 2009). The technology would thus be very appropriate when adopted for the building element within The University of Salford. However, the technology also has a limitation in that transportation of the materials for the construction process is not easy (Alan & Maarten, 2009). The roofing system in the building element would adopt the purlins technology. The technology takes into consideration all the factors that are always considered when setting a roof for any storey building. Such factors include the roof height rise, roof span and the roof pitch (Cheung, 2009). The technology uses software to aid the designing of the roof structure thus making the work of the designer easier with very limited errors in drawing the plan (Lau, 2006). The designed obtain through utilization of the software offers an advanced outfit to the cladding system previously set for the foot bridges and the four sides of the building element. For this reason the purlin technology considers the manner in which the cladding system has been attached hence ensuring correction on any error that was made previously is made before the completion of the building element (Deplazes, 2005). To conclude, the four storeys building which would serve as the External Relations Division of the University of Salford would be an ultramodern structure when the proposed technology are fully implemented in the construction process. The substructure which would incorporate the bottom up and top down technology would serves as a perfect foundation to the building element (Deplazes, 2005). Fitting of the seismic isolations, automatic car parking level system among other installations that that aim at resisting the impact of the seismic waves offers adequate security to the building. Therefore any damage that might result due to such reasons has fully been managed from the basement region. The swimming pool offers an eco-friendly environment that suits the building for both recreation and relaxation purposes for the university. (Chen, 2011). The section has adequate lighting due to the concise location of the facility. There hence, the basement which is also supported by the concrete slurry walls serves as the best architectural plan for the building. The designing of the super structure also meet the modish advanced technology in architecture. Finally, the cladding and the roofing system which extends to the footbridge when adopted as made in the proposal would meet the world class standards of a modish facility. Reference Alan, B. & Maarten, M. (2009). Cladding of Buildings. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=N4dJSqmbhx8C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Advanced+Technology+in+Cladding+and+Roofing+of+storey+building+pdf&hl=en&sa=X&ei=sV2MVNOWJ4i-PZXvgfgG&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false. On 13/12/2014 Basarkar, S., Manish, K., Mohapatro, G.& Mutgi, P. (2010). Engineering Emerging Trend in Deep Basement Construction: Top-Down Technique. Journal of Mechanical and Civil. Retrieved from http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jmce/papers/sicete%28civil%29-volume5/50.pdf on 13/12/2014 Chen, G. (2011). Building design and construction systems (BDCS) ARE mock exam (Architect Registration Exam): ARE overview, exam prep tips, multiple-choice questions and graphic vignettes, solutions and explanations. Cheung, W. (2009). Study Theme: Cladding System and Finishes Detail. Retrieved from https://bt301.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/report-by-edmond-cheung1.pdf on 13/12/2014 Deplazes, A. (2005). Constructing architecture: Materials, processes, structures : a handbook. Basel: Birkhäuser-Publishers for Architecture. Emmitt, S., & Gorse, C. (2013). Barrys Introduction to Construction of Buildings. Chicester: Wiley. Farzad, N., & John, A. (n.d). Advanced Technologies in Housing Construction. Retrieved from http://www.world-housing.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Type_Advanced.pdf on 13/12/2014 Lau, C. (2006). Construction Technology for High Rise Buildings in Hong Kong. Retrieved from https://eprints.usq.edu.au/2502/1/LAU_Chi-Hing_2006.pdf. 13/12/2014 Read More