REDUCING PROCESS VARIABILITY BY USING DMAIC MODEL: - Essay Example

Effective application of the six sigma increases customer satisfaction and increases Company’s benefits. DMAIC model is hence used to effect six sigma in companies. Examples of defects that occur in products include leakage, leaving bottles without coding, excess/short materials fill up, cap loose and presence of black particle. The goal of DMAIC process is to make the process lean and increase sigma level. This can be described as an approach for problem solving which is applicable to empirical problems which may range from well-structured to semi-structured with the exception of ill-structured problems.

Define phase of the DMAIC model identifies the product quality characteristics critical to customers (CTQs). In these phase, Quality function Deployment Structures (QFD) is used which shows relationship between defects and factors affecting the defects. Measure phase of the model has a primary purpose to measure how frequently each defects occur and make a decision whether the production process is in control. The control chart is used as a diagrammatic tool of possible out of control position of the process.

Stable processes are in control and vice versa. Out of control situation needs the engineers and operators who manage the process to find out the reason behind this situation and come up with solutions. Measuring the amount of data out of control limits, p type control charts are used. To construct p charts, authors take p as a fraction of non-conforming. (1-P) is the fraction that is conforming. P charts are obtained by plotting days against the fraction of non-conforming. Analysing phase involves identifying the output and the input variables that affect Critical to customers (CTQs) using flow chartsor process charts to create a diagram showing cause and effect relationships.

This is the phase that critical work and major problems which are responsible for large part of the problem are identified. Pareto charts, multi-criteria decision