Finance & Accounting Essays

The market value of a stock is computed by taking into account the time value of money and the future returns from stock are discounted at an appropriate rate (appropriate risk associated with investment). Therefore, the objective of maximizing shareholders' wealth provides for risk associated with the investment (stock).

The requirements imposed by the ATO to let’s say individuals is a good example of data mining. Everyone must comply with minimum requirements so that data would be valid or reliable. If a person honestly declares his taxable income, then the agency ( ATO ) can determine the right amount for income tax. Nobody would be under or over evaluated.

According to SFAS 2, Accounting for Research and Development Costs requires (Robert H. Colson, 2003) that R&D generally be expensed as incurred and that each year’s total R&D be disclosed in the financial statements. The development includes conceptual formulation, design, and testing of product alternatives; construction of prototypes, and operation of pilot plants.

It is also essential to learn more about the exchange rates by studying the trends as well as the forecast as relative to that of the home currency. It is also essential to concentrate and learn if there will be future cash inflows in the foreign currencies. It is essential to learn whether or not the currency could denominate the bond.  

To be identifiable, the asset should be separable which implies that it should be sold, transferred, licensed or rented. In addition to that, identifiable also implies that it should arise from any legal right or contractual obligation. Goodwill does not meet the definition provided by AASB 138 as it lacks the property of being identifiable.

Break-even analysis is a great tool for decision making and it can provide a deep insight into how the business should be conducted. As per the definition, the breakeven point is the number of units that will cover the fixed and variable costs of the business. It is the level at which total revenues will equal the total costs of the business. 

The strategy is increasingly dynamic in nature. The strength of a given strategy is not determined by the initial move but rather how smartly it addresses changes in the competitive environments. They include regulations, technologies and other sources. In many industries, the pace of change in the competitive environment has increased

The types of financial institutions that deal with concise term loans, such as 15 to 30 loans, have much business because everyone often faces an emergency requiring instant cash. On many occasions, people also cannot keep up with the budget. It would help if you had cash for daily food expenses and transportation cost to go to work.

The paper "Financial Statements and Financial Decision-Making" is a perfect example of an assignment on finance and accounting. Question 10 marks) (a) Property, plant & equipment owned by the organization These items are found as Non-current assets in the Balance sheet. (b) Government grants received It is a source of revenue hence this item is found in the profit and loss statement.

The paper "Family Finance" is a great example of a finance and accounting assignment. The cash flow statement shows the various incomes gained and expenditures incurred by the organization during a particular year. Cash inflow refers to the earnings of the organization and cash outflow means the expenditures from the organization.

With all the above benefit, there are some shortcomings of the payback period and he must also be aware of them because keeping them in mind he can make more rational decisions that he should remember that it ignores the time value of money so this means that the total value of money today is more than the total value money tomorrow. 

The author states that the company now is in a crisis. On October 28th, 2003 Massachusetts secretary if state and William Galvin and the Securities and Exchange Commission each had filed a civil complaint against Putnam investments. They claimed that the company had allowed portfolio managers to skirt corporate policies by rapidly trading its funds.

Payment models differ in that some banks may calculate its employee bonus in respect to past service or payment of bonus may be held back or paid in the following events such as continuing employment or coming profitability. Moreover, bankers’ bonuses are effective in that it positively affects bankers’ behavior. 

The paper tells that the club would like to invite Mr. Fiscal as the guest speaker. Mr. Fiscal is a consultant who has been lecturing businesses on the importance of proper budgeting. In addition, he has written good articles in prominent magazines and newspapers like Washington Post and the New York Times.

Depreciation helps the company to predict the expenses that are incurred in an asset and its entire life. It is essential since it facilitates the financial forecasting. In addition, it helps the company to know the income generated from the asset when the asset is still new. However, there are various challenges in preparing consolidated accounts 

This paper aims to analyze the book, ‘Accounting for Dummies’ by John A. Tracy. The review will present the organizational structure of the book, an in-depth study of the content, and if this book is appropriate for finance and accounts major students. What is the handbook’s purpose? Who is its intended audience?

Management of a portfolio is an important aspect from the viewpoint of the field of Finance and there are certain aspects, which are important for them. Beta, Standard Deviation, mean return, and summation of expected return are some of the important elements of the field of investment (Boehmer, Broussard and Kallunki, 2002).

The paper  “Financial Ratio Analysis of of Nestle and Lindt” is an detailed example of finance & accounting assignment. Quick Ratio = (Current Assets – inventory – prepaid expenses)/current Liabilities. Lindt 2011 = (1,634.5 – 402.5 – 4.1)/682.7 = 1.80, 2012 = (1714.2 – 405.1 – 3.9)/687.0 = 1.90, 2013 = (1965.7 – 454.8 – 1.9)/738.6 =2.04.

Market rent is described as the amount willing tenants reasonably expect to pay as rent for their tenancy and the amount a willing landlord reasonably expects to receive as rent for premises vis a vis rent levels of properties similar to the one in question. Market rent is a vital guide when deciding on the rent of a given space.  

According to the study, the idea was that a well-capitalized parent in the home countries of these banks is capable of standing behind the foreign bank operating in the US in case it ran into any sort of trouble. As a result, the US could rely on the home countries of these foreign countries to regulate these banks and bail them out in the event of any problem.

The key element to becoming a chartist is the ability to make use of graphs and charts of a security’s past levels or prices to predict its future trends. Thus a chartist essentially examines familiar patterns like support and resistance levels in securities in order to trade them at a profit, A chartist will ply his/her trade in all markets where trading of financial instruments is done.

Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.

The paper "Research Design" is an impressive example of a Finance & Accounting assignment. For this research paper, I am focusing on accounting ethics amongst different business institutions. The focus is on accounting ethics because I need the reader to figure out the current extent of the vice amongst accounting professions and the level of efforts made in order to offset the vice in accounting training institutions.

The paper "Financial Accounting" is a good example of a Finance & Accounting assignment. The company is a reporting entity. It is located in Australia, and its main business is selling of products and services. The financial statements i.e. statement of comprehensive income, statement of financial position, and statement of changes in equity, have all been prepared in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards. 

The paper "Where the Internal Audit Function Fits in within Myer Holdings" is a great example of a finance and accounting assignment. According to the board of directors of Myer holdings, its internal audit function is an independent function that gives objective assurance and consulting services that are aimed at adding value and improve the organization’s internal controls.

The paper "Financial System and Economic Growth " is a great example of a finance and accounting assignment. Lectures have several times proposed that an efficient financial system is important to economic growth. Discuss why this might be true (or not) by reference to an example of how the financial system promotes economic growth.

The paper  “Small Business Finance”  is an exciting example of a finance & accounting assignment. According to 8Common the share offering is aimed at accessing working capital to accelerate business growth, repayment of convertible notes, and repayment of interests, make it easier for 8Common to access equity markets and opportunities for future acquisition.

The paper  “Questions Covering on Financial Management ”  is a comprehensive example of a  finance & accounting assignment. The remainder requires a yearly deposit: Choosing between investment options Depositing the money today yields yielding 8.2% semi-annually. In the second option, $11,000 will be invested at 10% within a period of 8 yrs after waiting for 2 yrs.

vThe motivational issues connected with this Research are the acquisition, dissemination, and utilization of information relating to the functioning of PMC’s and how their functioning would affect sale prices-thus the performance of PMC,s has to be critically evaluated and analyzed rendered devoid of bias or errors.

Since the globalization of the capital markets and their enlarging horizon becoming complimentary at a speedy rate, the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) and other allies have felt the need for all-inclusive top-rated quality accounting standards to match with the speedy functioning of international capital markets.

The author states that initially the Accounting standards under the International Financial Reporting Standards were called IAS or the International Accounting Standards. In the year April 2001, all the international accounting standards had been taken over by the IASB from the international accounting standards committee (IASC).

For each of the following events affecting the stockholders’ equity of Haulmarke, indicate whether the event would: increase retained earnings(IRE), decrease retained earnings (DRE), increase common stock (ICS), or decrease common stock (DCS). On July 1,

The author states that GE provided greater shareholder wealth because the market value of its shares was 2.29 times that of book value. Tyco had a much lower ratio of 1.22 to 1. This means that over the years investment in GE appreciated more than the investment in Tyco, and has the potential for performing consistently well in the future.

The Bank of England has a role to play in ensuring the sustenance of the economic policies of the nation. It has the duty of maintaining the stability of money and the economy. In other words, it plays a principal role in ensuring that the monetary system is not affected by external factors and ensuring that the economic system remains stable.

It is important to understand that TATA has utilized its community service for its enlightened self-interest, however,  it has been able to create value for itself. Corporate social responsibility, being a business strategy of responsibility towards a community, therefore, can further provide TATA a sustainable advantage over its competitors  

Gross Profit is the difference between the sales revenue and the cost of goods sold. The cost of goods sold includes all the direct – fixed and direct – variable unit costs that are incurred in manufacturing the product or providing the service. This is a very important measure of the profitability of a company as it expresses the number of funds that are available to be spent on the overheads required for the functioning of the company.

As is the norm when any crisis erupts in any sector, so is the case with the financial sector. Some questions that are being asked now are: “We advocates of relatively unfettered capitalism have strong exculpatory arguments: Who inflated the housing bubble with 1% money in a strong economy? (The Greenspan Fed.)

A company must restrict its self-financing through retained profits because shareholders should be paid a reasonable amount as dividends that should align with their expectation, this would help keep shareholders happy and keep a good impression in the market, this may in return increase the value of the shares of that company in the market. 

Bureaucracy is killing innovation at NBD Bank. Innovation as a marketing strategy can save a sinking ship and the NBD Bank seems to be that sinking ship because it is depending solely on traditional methods of doing business. The NBD Bank needs to shift away from the bureaucratic structure to one of a matrix-oriented one.

A major disadvantage for the companies that are adopting IFRS is that the existing and upcoming accountants will have to relearn the entire procedure of bookkeeping and maintaining accounts and it is imperative that the companies have to bear the cost of relearning the entire procedure of their workforce.

Treasury note pays around 3.13% annual interest. And, in the next line, he maintains that currently, income investors require more annual interest. In the subsequent part of this paragraph, Ashworth further analysis these statements by taking some example from the financial history of the Ares Capital.  

The paper "Behaviour of Costs - Cocolat Ltd" is a great example of a finance and accounting assignment. First, in the variables i.e. Material, labour and distribution, the variance is quite high. For example, for materials, the variance is 70, 000 units, for labour, the variance is 32,500 units and for distribution, the variance is 42,500 units. Energy (semi-variable) had variance though not as high as that of the variables.

The spending behavior of Shao depicts that he has the potential of consuming more than he generates due to his unplanned spending. This has the potential of hindering a positive cash flow in the future that is essential in enabling one to service an overdraft obligation and interest when they fall due (Sornette, Ivliev, & Woodard, 2012).

Indeed, reading through the audit report, it is clear that the auditors did not agree with the management with regards to a number of issues such as how promotional accruals are accounted for and the specification of exceptional items has been done. This however does not means that money is being lost, rather it means that the final value may be too large or smaller than would have been the case if a different approach was employed.

The paper “The Value of the Bond” is an brief example of the finance & accounting assignment. PV = 5000, i= 7.3%, n = 7, FV = PV x (1 + i) n = 5000 x (1.073) 7 = $8187, at the end of 7 years the amount is $8187.82. Now interest rate = 5.5%; time – 6 years, FV = = PV x (1 + i) n,      = 11289.72 x (1.082) 3 = $14300

Ideally, a partnership does not pay tax despite the fact that they must always lodge a tax return: s 91. In order to calculate the total tax for a partnership, usually, it is the tax returns of the individual partners that are established. First, the net income for the partnership is calculated, secondly, each partner’s share of the net income or loss is determined.

The paper “Australian Accounting Standard Board” is a convincing example of a finance & accounting assignment. AASB 108 talks of full disclosure and changes which take place within the company. This section discusses changes and disclosure at the company.

The paper “Areas of a Potential Risk with regard to Businessmen’s Financial Position” is a brief example of an assignment on finance & accounting. Joe and Carol Thomas have partially completed their personal budget (these details have been populated in the budget which you have downloaded).

The paper "Multiple Choice Questions" is a decent example of a Finance & Accounting assignment.  I have highlighted the correct answers for you in this document. Identified risks should be documented in accordance witha. Senior management’s whimb. The immediate managersc. Relevant policies, procedures, and legislationd. Convenience in completing documentation

The paper "Accounting for Business Decisions - ANZ Limited" is a great example of a finance and accounting assignment. Accounting policies are the principles, rules as well as practices applied by the company to guide the manner in which transactions are accounted for in the financial statements (Anthony & Breitner, 2010).