Positive and Negative Effects of Facebook - Literature review Example

Positive and Negative Effects of Facebook Literature review This research paper is developed on the basis of analyzing various secondary data. Views of different authors are considered for understanding the positive and negative impacts of facebook. Qualitative research methodology is used for analyzing different information and data. Various authors have produced different views on this research topic. Qualitative research methods helped to compare and contrast opinions of these authors. Advantages of secondary research According to the authors Baxter and Susan, secondary research method helps the researchers to access data and information easily. Conduction this types of research does not need huge amount of money. It is less expensive than other research methods. It facilitates the researchers by clarifying research questions. Secondary research consumes less amount of time than primary research. This type of research can also be conducted by involving less number of people. The authors highlight that with the help of secondary research method the researchers will be able to know and understand about different problems they are going to encounter for conducting this research1. Disadvantages of secondary research As per the authors Carl and Roger, secondary research has some disadvantages which create various issues for conducting a research. Sometimes the quality of secondary research becomes very bad as the researchers mainly depends on secondary sources for conducting the research and if good data are not available in those sources then the quality of research deteriorates2. According to the writers William Lawrence and Karen, in many cases the researchers do not get relevant secondary data for conducting the research. Then the researchers have to search for valid information which consumes huge amount of time. It is difficult for the researchers to gather complete information through secondary research methods. The authors also state that time lag issue is one of the important problems of this type of research. The data collected by the researchers are not always matches with the time which becomes risky for the developing the research paper3. Research philosophy and ethical concerns Social media has formed the gateway to communicate with the world. Advancement of technology has accustomed people to communicate with this particular method of socialising. Social media forms the platforms where people can place their creations and gather information from the outside world. In this paper secondary research considering many articles have been conducted but it is not informed whether they have performed the research ethically or not. It is not known whether the papers are biased or not and reflect any form of demographic characteristics. The paper has tried to gather information disregarding all such attributes. Positive impacts of facebook According to the Hui-Tzu Grace and Nicholas, facebook is one of the popular social networking sites. It is used widely by people of different countries. Facebook is mainly used by people for connecting with each other. Family members or friends residing at distance places are connected easily through facebook4. As per the authors strong communication is developed with the help of this social networking site. Social interaction is promoted through facebook. The authors state that people who feel shy to participate in social gathering can communicate with other people through facebook. Old friends are connected and refresh their bonding easily by facebook5. As per the two authors Kirschner and Aryn, present facebook has hundreds million of users. This social networking site has several positive impacts on people for which this site has become very popular among everyone. Not only young people but also old people are using this social networking site for keeping connection with other persons. This social networking site has facilitates individuals in increasing their number of friends. With the help of this site individuals are able to meet new people. They can stay close to their near and dear ones by communicating with them frequently through facebook6. The author Rethlefsen states that social networking site helps people to know and understand about various new things happening all around the world. The authors state that facebook has a strong impact on establishing new trends in the society. Therefore this social networking site has a contribution in modernizing society. Facebook helps the people in becoming socially and psychologically advanced7 According to the author Junco, facebook has positive impact on influencing people in expressing their opinions. People can easily express their views on various public forums through this social networking site. Facebook has helped the people to freely communicate with each other. By updating the status or by sharing pictures, individuals can express their thoughts and emotions which contribute a lot in changing the society. Earlier in the absence of this social networking site people have to struggle a lot in expressing their views and opinions in the society. Facebook facilitates them in promoting their ideas in a social platform. The writer explains that in facebook various people are unit with each other for supporting views and opinions of different people8. As per the author Tsai, the impacts of facebook are not only related with individuals’ lives but also related with the growth and development of many businesses. This social networking site provides many facilities where a business can promote itself and attract many customers who are using facebook. This social networking site is very much popular among all the people. For this reason this site is used by most of the companies in promoting their products and services. Therefore several businesses positively impacted by this social networking site9. The authors Junho, Jaemin Jung and Sang-Woo Lee state that facebook has contributed a lot in helping many businesses to establish their position in the competitive market. Companies use this social media site as an important tool in communicating with their customers and reaching maximum number of customers. Many companies launch various products through facebook. Organizations create their page in facebook and with the help of that they continuously interact with people and update them about various things of their business. This social media site has benefited many businesses in increasing their revenue10. Negative impacts of facebook According to the author Joseph, Richard and Cheri, facebook has some negative impacts which hamper people lives and many other things. Several negative impacts of facebook are reducing its popularities among the people. These authors state that most of the young people are very much fond of using this social networking site. They become addicted to use this site. Not only young generation but also many people of old generation spend maximum amount of time by doing facebook. As a result many important work and responsibilities are ignored by them for doing facebook. This social networking site distracts students. They spend huge amount of time by chatting out others. For this reason their studies get hampered. They always stick to their laptops and mobiles for surfing this social networking site11. As per the author Walther, most of the young people mainly communicate with each other by using facebook. They do not prefer face to face communication. They have become more dependent on internet and social media websites for maintaining relationships with each other. For this reason the young generation has become very much unsocial. They cannot communicate easily and speak freely in real life social gatherings. They are always busy in communicating through facebook which at times become very disturbing for other people. The author also highlights that family life of many people get spoiled by spending more time in facebook. People cannot concentrate on their family issues as most of the time they are busy with reading or watching status and pictures of other persons on facebook which seems more interesting to them rather that solving their own problems. As a result family members tend to ignore each other by keeping themselves busy with facebook12. The authors Junghyun and Jong-Eun highlighted another negative impact of the famous social networking site facebook. These authors said that the social networking site facebook can be used by any person. Often this networking site is used a tool in spreading cyber crime. Some persons use this site for harassing people. This illegal practice is increasing day by day. Many pictures and post are shared in facebook which influence general people to get involved in violence. This creates strong negative impact on children and teenagers. Most of the time young people are easily influenced by this type of posts and pictures. They losses their practical power of thinking and perform many illegal activities which are highlighted on facebook by criminals13. According to Lewis and some other authors facebook does not help an individual in finding true friends. These authors believe that facebook is used by maximum people for showing off their fake emotions. They are not really concerned about their other friends in facebook. People mainly use facebook for passing their time. True friendship cannot be established only by chatting through facebook. People can say many false things in this social networking site. There is a high change of people getting deceived in facebook by trusting and believing fake friends through this site14. As per the author Hagit, Gila and Efrat many people discloses various private and personal things on facebook which negatively affect live of other people. Sometimes facebook profiles are hacked which causes many problems. The hacker can publish many bad posts on the profile of other people which hampers their reputation in the society15. References Baltar, Fabiola and Ignasi Brunet. Social research 2.0: virtual snowball sampling method using Facebook. Internet Research. 22(1), pp. 57-74. 2012. Baxter, Pamela and Susan Jack. Qualitative case study methodology: Study design and implementation for novice researchers. The qualitative report. 13(4), pp. 544-559. 2008. Choi, Junho, Jaemin Jung and Sang-Woo Lee. What causes users to switch from a local to a global social network site? The cultural, social, economic and motivational factors of Facebook’s globalization. Computers in Human Behavior. 29(6), pp. 2665-2673. 2013. Chou, Hui-Tzu Grace and Nicholas Edge. They are happier and having better lives than I am”: the impact of using Facebook on perceptions of others lives. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking. 15(2), pp. 117-121. 2012. Junco, Reynol. The relationship between frequency of Facebook use, participation in Facebook activities, and student engagement. Computers & Education. 58(1), pp. 162-171. 2012. Kim, Junghyun and Jong-Eun Roselyn Lee. The Facebook paths to happiness: Effects of the number of Facebook friends and self-presentation on subjective well-being. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking. 14(6), pp. 359-364. 2011. Kirschner, Paul and Aryn Karpinski. Facebook® and academic performance. Computers in human behavior. 26(6), pp.1237-1245. 2010. Lewis, Kevin, et al. Tastes, ties, and time: A new social network dataset using facebook.com. Social networks. 30(4), pp. 330-342. 2008. Mazer, Joseph, Richard Murphy and Cheri Simonds. Ill see you on “Facebook: The effects of computer-mediated teacher self-disclosure on student motivation, affective learning, and classroom climate. Communication Education. 56(1), pp. 1-17. 2007. McDaniel, Carl and Roger Gates. Marketing research essential. New York: Wiley. 2004. Meishar-Tal, Hagit, Gila Kurtz and Efrat Pieterse. Facebook groups as LMS: A case study. The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning. 13(4), pp. 33-48. 2012. Neuman, William Lawrence and Karen Robson. Basics of social research. London: Pearson, 2004. Rethlefsen, Melissa. Tools at Work: Facebooks March on Privacy. Library Journal 135(12), pp. 34-35. 2010. Tsai, Wenpin. Knowledge transfer in intra-organizational networks: Effects of network position and absorptive capacity on business unit innovation and performance. Academy of management journal. 44(5), pp. 996-1004. 2001. Walther, Joseph, et al. The role of friends’ appearance and behavior on evaluations of individuals on Facebook: Are we known by the company we keep? Human Communication Research. 34(1), pp. 28-49. 2008. Read More