Examining Metropolitan Population Change - Research Paper Example

Student’s Name Instructor’s Name Course Date Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Introduction 2 North East- Massachusetts and New Jersey 3 Midwest- Michigan and Illinois 4 South- Delaware and Maryland 5 West-Idaho and Montana 7 Discussion 8 Conclusion 10 References 12 Introduction This paper is examining the metropolitan population change in the United States across the four Census Regions. The states include Northeast, Midwest, South and West. The population change is due to the substantial social and economic integration. The percentages give a clear indication of the trends of the population from the year 1990 through the 2000 up to the year 2010. Due to the social and economic integration between the largest cities and the suburbs, there is change in the population every year as people migrate from one region to another. The percentage change is indicating the growth of towns either negatively or positively. The findings raise questions on the frequency of change of the population in the Cities of the examined MSA and the social and economic development strategies that seek the growth of these metro areas and hence the advancing of the welfare of the whole population. (Glaeser) The purpose of this research is to have a better and well acknowledged understanding of the relationship of the metropolitan population change and the substantial social and economic integration with the suburbs. With the trends that are clearly being g indicated by the percentage change, most MSA are proactively increasing or slightly reducing in population. the cities are combining urban policies with suburb policies , creation of more investments in the cities than in the suburbs, introduction of subsidies and some having tax incentives . This growth will automatically have a great impact on the economy and society at large. There a number of new projects, policies and initiatives that mostly contributes to population gain and loss in the cities (Glaeser) . Methodology It’s clear that the MSAs are redefined periodically by the federal Office of The Management and Budget and they are used by the U.S. Census. The data of the MSA is obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau. The suburb population was obtained by subtracting the largest city population from the total population of the MSA .The methodology for allocating the population change in the cities is based on the percentage change across the given years. Findings North East- Massachusetts and New Jersey Massachusetts population for 1990 was 6,016,425, the year 2000 was 6,349,097 and the year 2010 was 6,547,629. The state of New Jersey in 1990 was 7,730,188, the year 2000 was 8,414, 350 and the year 2010 was 8,791,894. Massachusetts largest city is Boston and in the year 1990 the population was 574,283, in the year 2000 it was 589, 141 and in the year 2010 it was 617,594. New Jersey’s largest city is Newark and in the year 1990 was 275,221, the year 2000 was 273,546 and in the year 2010 was 295,000. The population of the suburbs of the city of Boston is as follows: 1990: 5, 442,142 2000: 5,759,956 2010: 5,930,035 Population of the suburbs of the city of Newark: 1990: 7,454,967 2000: 8,140,804 2010:8,496,894 Percentages for each year of the Boston city in the year 1990 was 9.55 % , in the year 2000 it was 9.28 % and in the year 2010 it was 9.43 % . The city of Newark in New Jersey percentages were 3.56% in 1990, 3.25% in 2000 and 3.36 in 2010. The percentages in the suburbs of Boston city are 90.45 % in 1990, 90.72 in 2000 and 90.57 in 2010. And the percentages of the Newark’s City suburbs in 1990 are 96.44%, 96.75 % in 2000 and 96.64 % in 2010. The percentage change in Boston city 1990-2010 is 7.54 %, 1990-2000 is 2.59 and 2000-2010 is 4.83 % and in Newark City is 7.19 %, -0.61% and 7.84 % in the years 1990-2010, 1990-2000 and 2000-2010 respectively. Midwest- Michigan and Illinois Michigan population in the year 1990 was 9,295,297, the year 2000 was 9,938,444 and in the year 2010 was 9,883,640. In the state of Illinois, the population in the year 1990; 11,430,602, the year 2000 was 12,419,293 and in the year 2010 it was 12,830,632. Michigan’s largest city is Detroit and the city’s population in the year 1990 is 1,027,974, the year 2000 is 951,267 and the year 2010 is 713,777. The largest city of Illinois is Chicago. Its population in the years 1990, 2000, and 2010 was 2,783,726; 2,896,016 and 2,695,598 respectively. The population of the suburbs of the city of Detroit is as follows: 1990: 8,267,323 2000: 8,987,177 2010: 9,169,863 The population of the suburbs of the Chicago city is as follows: 1990: 8,646,876 2000: 7,042,428 2010: 7,188,042 The percentage of the Detroit city are 11.06 %, 9.57 % and 7.22 % and the percentage of the population in the suburbs is 88.94%, 90.43 % and 92.78 % in the year 1990, 2000 and 2010 respectively. The percentage change in the city of Detroit is -30.56 % , -7.46 % and -3.94 in the years 1990-2010, 1990-2000 and 2000- 2010. The percentages of Chicago city are 24.35 %, 23.32 % and 21.01 % in 1990, 2000, and 2010 respectively. The percentage change was -3.17%, 4.03 % and -6.92 % in the year 1990-2010, 1990-2000 and 2000-2010 respectively. South- Delaware and Maryland Delaware’s 1990’s population was 666,168, the year 2000 was 783,600 and in the year 2010 it was 897, 934. In the state of Maryland, the population in the year 1990 it was 4,781,468, in the year 2000 it was 5,296,486 and in the year 2010 it was 5,773,552. Maryland’s largest population is Baltimore and the population in 1990 is 736,014, in the year 2000 is 651,154 and the year 2010 is 620,961. The largest city in Delaware is Wilmington and the population in the year 1990 was 55,030, in the year 2000 was 90,330 and the year 2010 was 99,781 Population of the suburbs of Wilmington city is as follows: 1990: 611,138 2000: 693,270 2010: 798,053 Population of the suburbs of the Baltimore city is as follows: 1990:4,045,454 2000:4,645,332 2010:5,152,591 The percentages in the city of Wilmington is 8.26%, 11.53% , 11.11 % and in the suburbs is 91.74%, 88.47 % and 88.88% in the year 1990,2000,2010 respectively. In the city of Baltimore the percentages are 15.39 %, 12.29% and 10.76 %; in the suburbs is 84.61%, 87.71% and 89.24 % in the year 1990, 2000, and 2010 respectively. The percentage changes in the city of Wilmington is 88.32 % , 64.15 % and 10.46 % and in the city of Baltimore is -15.63% , -11.53 % and -4.64 % in the years 1990-2010, 1990-2000 and 2000-2010. West-Idaho and Montana Idaho’s population in the year 1990 was 1,006,749, in the year 2000 it was 1,293,953 and the year 2010 was 1,567,582. Montana’s population in the year 1990 was 799,065, the year 2000 was 902,195 and the year 2010 was 989,415 The largest city in Idaho is Boise and the population in the year 1990 was 125,738 In the year 2000 was 185,787 and the year 2010 was 205,671. The largest city in Montana is Billing and the population in year 1990 was 85,073, in the year 2000 was 89,847 and the year 2010 was 104,170. The population of the suburbs of the Boise City is as follows: 1990: 881,011 2000: 1,108,166 2010: 1,361,911 Population of the suburbs of the Billing city is as follows: 1990:713,992 2000: 812,348 2010:885,245 The percentage of the population in Boise was 12.49%, 14.36 %, and 13.12 %and in the suburbs was 87.51%, 85.64 %and 86.88 in 1990, 2000 and 2010 respectively. The percentage change is 63.57%, 47.76% and 10.70 %. The percentage of the population in Billing was 10.65 %, 9.96 % and 10.53 % and in the suburbs was 89.35%, 90.04%, and 89.47% in 1990, 2000, 2010. The percentage change in Billing City was 22.45 %, 5.61 % and 15.94 % in 1990-2010, 1990-2000 and 2000-2010 respectively. Source : : U�S� Census Bureau, 2010 Census , Census 2000 and Census 19990. Discussion In the North East region, the population data was found from two MSAs, the percentage from its largest cities was computed and that of its suburbs. Boston city being the largest city in the state of Massachusetts had a positive percentage change across all the years. It is not actually the same case for the Newark city since it once experienced a negative percentage change (-0.16%) in the years 1990-200 but in the year 2000-2010 there was a positive percentage change indicating that the economic welfare had been improved across those years and hence the population increase. In the region of the Mid West the states that the research was carried out were Michigan and Illinois. The states are highly populated with the largest city in Michigan City being Detroit city. The percentages of the city population decreased year after year. The percentage changes are negative, which the city had a great population drop from 1990-2010(-30.56%). There are a number of factors that nay have led to this drastic change. The rate of insecurity may have increased in the city, child abuse and violent crimes may have increased. The change in percentage increased to the positive side indicating that the governance of the town had imposed policies to curb with the problems affecting the residents. Also the health care services had been improved and also the education facilities. This was a clear indication that the city had a lot of economic insecurity. The other state in the region was Illinois. Its largest city is Chicago and it had a negative percentage change across all years (-3.17%) this could be as a result of higher cost of living in the city. The Hispanics were the ones who were occupying the city but since the life in the city became more expensive they moved to the suburbs where the life was much less expensive. Those who moved to the city were single and childless. The Wilmington city in Delaware had a high percentage increase in the growth of is population (88.32%). the city government is far much determined in providing the citizens in ensuring and creating awareness to the leaders their duty and obligation. They are in the process of having policies and strategies that will move them to a world class city and Baltimore city have negative percentage change in its population. (-15.63 %). The adverse climatic changes in the city make the city a place which is not suitable or investments, these will force people to move out of the city. In the West region of the U.S all the cities in the two MSAs had a positive percentage change in their respective cities. Boise city in Idaho had a percentage increase (63.57%) across years 1990-2010. Boise city was so secure and the rate of violence was decreasing year after year making the place suitable and safe to live in. So many industries, businesses and investments are booming in the city and these acts as a source of employment. The level of technology has made it more important for the increase of the population. Boise community being among the largest community in U.S. and Boise is their regional place to show case their culture, these attracts more and more to occupy the city (Glaeser) Conclusion As the life in the city becomes expensive the amount of population reduces as those with big families cannot afford. Population change in metropolitan is highly affected by the rate of employment and unemployment. There are other social and economic factors that influence the population in the city. It is clear from the cities that are losing population is due to improper planning , poor health care services, expensive lifestyle which is only affordable to those who are single and those with smaller families (Glaeser). What can be observed is that for a place to grow it needs to have smart growth strategies to achieve its goals and objectives. Great suburbs attracted new residents and great cities attracted new residents of different ages, wants due to the social and economic integration. The metropolitan cities are therefore applying every means to attract more residents with the proper planning of the economy and the urban areas. References Glaeser, Edward L., and Joseph Gyourko. "Urban Decline and Durable Housing." Journal of Political Economy (2005): 345-375. Read More