Macro & Microeconomics Essays

Economic forecasting is an important decision-making tool for governments and businesses as they project on the financial strategy and policy. Annualbudgeting and forecasting cannot keep pace with today’s vibrant business situation because the information produced is irrelevant andoutdated.

According to Yunus, the main aim of social business is to satisfy the general needs and desires of individuals even as organizations strive to make profit through their business ventures and endeavours (Yunus 2011, p. 92). The phenomenon of social business is taking a hold of the entire corporate world as it gradually takes a position among some of the famous strategies that corporations incorporate in their operations.

Companies in turn increase the prices of goods and services to maintain their profit margins. On the other hand, the employees expect higher wages to keep up with the high cost of living. All these are known to be the effects of inflation and if no action is taken, the economy is likely to be adversely affected.

The essay gives detailed information about advantages and disadvantages of free market economy and mixed economy systems, through the use of the real-world examples. A mixed economy permits parallel operation of private and public entities. In nations that have a free market system, financial freedom promotes high living standards and high wages.

As such, the questionable outcomes might not necessarily arise from the suggestions made by these agents participating in the simulation (Camerer 2011 pg. 26). This makes the study of game theory as strategic point in decision making whereby it incorporates the study of mathematical models of cooperation and conflict between the intelligent, as well as rational decision makers.

This study analyses the relevance and application of Adam Smith and Michel Porter’s ideas in the two economies with regard to the role of state and international trade in national economic development. Adam Smith attacked the antiquated government restrictions. In the article “Clusters and the New Economics of Competition” Porter explains how clusters promote high levels of productivity and innovations.

Mr. Alban William Phillips was one of those economists who will always be remembered for his contribution to the world of economics. He’s gathered fame all over the world for his research on inflation and unemployment. He started his work by gathering ninety-five years of data relating to the UK wage inflation and unemployment.

I confronted financial crises that allowed me to learn about this world. In 1997, my father’s company went into bankruptcy and we had nothing except our arms to work and eat. I was of a very little age and could do nothing to help my father but after a few years, when I became mature I started helping my father in whatever manner I could.

In the United States there are 29.41 million business establishments (Census). Starting your own business is a great way to become financially independent and self-employed. A sole proprietorship has many advantages such as control over the decision making, flexible working hours, and the pride of knowing you are helping the U.S economy by creating jobs and taxable revenue streams.

Different types of health care system exist in the world. However most healthcare systems can be divided into private controlled and government controlled. In this essay we take a look at private controlled healthcare systems as well as the government controlled.

The costs may be in the form of money, health or other society problems. Positive spillover effects are called spillover benefits which are enjoyed by such people who are not directly related with some activity but takes advantage of it. When spillover benefits are exceeded by a limit, i.e., people start misusing public property & consume other’s resources, then it is termed as free riding problem.

This currency is based on the national currencies of the 20 largest national economies measured by gross domestic product (GDP). The main understanding is that the implementation of the Wocu would alleviates political currency manipulations and also should smooth trading idiosyncracies caused by investors and political entities; ultimately these measures would reduce currency volatility.

This would help the company to raise the money that it needs to survive. The current financial situation with Netflix did not come as a surprise to the company, though it is still an alarming shock for them to handle. In its last earning reports, Netflix announced amongst the company, as well as to others involved in their business, that they plan to be unprofitable for a few quarters starting at the commencement of the 2012 year.

According to Rezaee (2011), the crisis resulted from defaults on United States subprime mortgages, many of which were packaged and sold to buyers in the United States and around the world. Many Mortgage lenders and even other companies not directly involved in the business suffered huge losses and some collapsed.

One seeks to amass a personal fortune; the other seeks to solve the problems of society. These words have stayed with me as I have pursued a degree in Economics. I now wish to deepen the knowledge I currently have of Economics by earning a Masters degree at Cambridge.

In other words, the marginal cost is the opportunity cost incurred from a production decision. According to Caroline Henshaw’s article, production of biofuels will result into a drastic increase in food prices. This article indicates that biofuels are unlikely to produce the expected energy solutions but they will instead create new energy problems.

Running Head: FEDERAL RESERVE’S PUBLICATION "Love" Working with Federal Reserve’s Publications [Name] [Course] [Professor’s name] [Date] The Federal Reserve is the central bank of United States of America and it is considered as the world’s biggest financial intermediary (Willis, 2011, p.

However, the civil war that made Americans immigrate to Canada resulted in the American dollar influencing the Canadian currency. The Canadian dollar influences the macroeconomics in Canada (Bordo, & Schembri, 2010). This currency traces its relationship with the U.S dollar during the creation of Dominion of Canada, and trade, government policies and international oil prices influence this relationship.

When used properly, macroeconomic indicators can be invaluable resources for a company or forex trader. Generally, these statistics help companies to observe the economy’s pulse, thus it is not surprising that every company, whether local or international, follows with great interest these economic statistics.

This is after the analysis of several bodily features that accelerate them towards resembling young adults. This is defined by the increased masculine features however, most of the children are barely in their mid teenage. Analysis. This observation calls for an increased evaluation on the causes of the development.

However, each country’s role in the world economy depends highly on the progress both the countries can make in regards to their domestic economical, social and political aspects. Tarun Khanna, in his work, Billions of Entrepreneurs have asserted that India has a more favorable domestic environment for entrepreneurs than China.

However, the US current rate of unemployment is anticipated to increase significantly if no intervention is going to be put in place. Therefore, this speech aims at providing an insight to a number of amateur reporters who are unfamiliar with the current state of the U.S.

It is essential to state that in topical times it is widely believed that globalization has benefited largely the economy of China in terms of an increase in GDP growth rate. The local firms are expanding and becoming powerful while the nation is fast transforming into a strong economy via industrialization.

Tariffs affect real incomes in that consumers spend more buying goods and in doing so buy fewer goods as compared to a situation where there are subsidies. Free trade is beneficial but many arguments are against it, most of which have no substantial evidence to support them. It is thus important that trade is left to thrive.

However, high political and social instabilities in the country hamper this growth. Coupled with external environmental influences facing the country, economic recovery is yet to achieve its full growth. According to reports by The World Bank (n.p.), the economy in 2012 grew at the rate of 3.6 per cent, up from a 1.9 per cent in 2011.

Leisure has several distinct yet closely related meanings. Godbey defines leisure as living in freedom from compulsive forces of the outside such as culture and the physical environment so as to enable one to act in internal love in ways that please him and provide a basis for faith.

World Economy Since 1945.The concept of neo liberalism has dominated the sphere of economic policymaking in the Western world. Both the United States and the United Kingdom has strictly adhered to the school of neo liberals since the past four decades. Neo liberalism finds strong advocates in all over Western Europe.

A cartel includes a secretive agreement between competing parties on total industry output levels, price-fixing, credit conditions, and division of profits, bid-rigging, discounts, customers, and areas to receive the supply, market shares, and/or businesses to win contracts (“Office of Fair Trading” 1).

Simply put, it is a unit-free measure. Price elasticity of demand is an integral part in pricing of goods when conducting business. In effect, the price elasticity of demand is a distinct demand curve. The demand curves are grouped on the basis of the size of price elasticity of demand.

From the political and economic perspective, the first major changes with regards to the way in which China’s economy integrated with the outside world came during the 1970s; as Henry Kissinger, special envoy of Richard Nixon, sought to engage China as a means of driving away between the People’s Republic of China and the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics (USSR).

Theory of Portfolio Choice offers a basis for understanding relationships between economic variables. According to the theory, “demand for assets is positively related to wealth,” derivable utility from the asset relative to other commodities, and relative liquidity, but inversely related to risks in other commodities (Mishkin 560).

While technological development aims to harbor prosperity for humankind, businesses are quick to relate such developments with their economic benefits. Cloud computing is a step forward. Companies, depending on IT services and applications are searching for ways to reduce their costs, but not at the expense of their business growth.

The present situation is APE< GDP = ASF. There would a response from the producers by decreasing unemployment, reduction in prices and output. This will make the ASF line to move rightwards and the GDP and APE line to move leftwards. The economy attains a position which is shown in the figure.

Therefore, this set in which both isoquant curves form a tangent is likewise the set in which factors technical rate of marginal substitution becomes equal. This box shows the efficiency when both capitals employed and the people working are equal at fails to be efficient at any other point in the edge worth box.

The original teachings of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam prohibit charging interest on money lent to others, and although Jews and Christians have presented a certain degree of compromises on such issues to follow ‘natural and practical’ inclinations, the followers of Islam have been less inclined to make any compromises.

On the contrary to the policy of laissez-faire, protectionism has been always traditional to the economy of the USA, being advocated during most time of the American history. Lately the meetings of G20 countries have been finalized with conclusions to decline protectionism, emphasizing its destructive influence.

The economy stabilized only after the beginning of the World War II i.e. during the year 1941 – 1945. This was mainly attributed to the rise in demand for military goods as well as agricultural commodities. It has been documented through various researches that nearly thousands of businesses failed during the depression and millions of families lost jobs resulting in nationwide unemployment and a substantial reduction in their household incomes.

The US economy floods the market with money as a measure to overcome the impacts of the 2000 global financial crisis and subsequent bank collapses. From the viewpoint of Kollewe (2009), it is identified that this monetary policy does not really benefit the Fed even though this approach may bring notable achievements in the short term.

it is now one of the most economically and politically successful clubs in the world. But the club underwent few hard moments throughout is evolution process. This paper analyzes two such eras. The era of Josef Lluis Nunez (1978-2000): The era of Josef Lluis Nunez started from 1978 when he was elected as the president of Football Club of Barcelona (History of FC Barcelona, 2011).

There are several gains from trade that an open economy can obtain. There are also some protectionist policies that are sometimes adapted by governments. This paper discusses and analyses all these aspects in the context of the US economy and impacts of fiscal and monetary policies on the US economy in the context of these discussions.

The security characteristics line is drawn to show the excess return of the investment over that of the market. The y-axis represents the excess return over the risk-free rate. The x-axis represents the excess return over the market in general. The slope of the SCL represents the beta of individual security.

It is essential to state that the two articles, “China and Oil-backed Loans in Angola: The Real Story” by Alec, Russell and Deborah, Brautigam’s “Human Rights Watch Report on Chinese-Owned Mines in Zambia” analyze the Chinese business interests in Africa through in-depth scrutiny of their operations. 

It takes a lot of effort, commitment, sacrifice and selflessness to reach this level, once again congratulations. Much as this is a time for celebration that you have finally completed your courses successfully, I believe, it is also a time to come to terms with the realities of our times, in particular your future careers and occupations.

It is essential for the organizations to capture large set of information or data and monitor it cautiously. One of the most important data in this regard is economic data. For this reason, most of the business analysts uses different economic data in order to interpret important signals about the future condition of the economy and country.

The US is experiencing weak economic growth, unemployment, and stock market instability, which are raising serious concerns about the state of US economy. The continuing challenges in the labor market and the account of the debt limit emphasize the problem faced by the state; unsustainable debt mount for the future.

A multinational corporation or enterprise is a large firm that has the productive capacity and performs its function and operations across national borders (Bized, 2001; Multinational Enterprise, n.d). Nonetheless, the MNEs need not be large firms, and neither must they be operating in technologically intensive industries (Huang, 2003, p.73). 

The BMW launched the production of the BMW 3 series in 1975 as a successor of the 02 series, which later became the premium compact car brand. The BMW company went ahead to produce five different generations of the BMW 3 Series which has sold over twelve million units to date. This has remained to be the marquee brand of the BMW Group, which is also the most profitable to the company.

The Federal Reserve controls the American economy because of the prominent role it plays in managing the flow and circulation of currency and interest fees. The Federal Reserve is the fundamental bank of America initiated in 1913 through the ratification of the Federal Reserve Act as a reaction to the financial apprehensions of 1907 (Greider 67).

Due to the appreciation of the Renminbi by 6% in real terms in 2011, upward pressure on this currency has diminished. The report said that the pace of China’s reserve accumulation has slowed down due to  ”smaller trade surplus, higher global risk aversion,  and valuation effects associated with a stronger dollar” (IMF).

An OCED paper that talks about maximizing benefits from inward FDI elaborates on the topic and says that this requires some policy measures. These policies are designed to achieve high and sustainable economic growth. This report talks about how the positive effects of inward FDI can be maximized by the host country.