How Social Media Transforms the Way We Live and Do Business - Assignment Example

ASSIGNMENT Name Institution Professor Course Date Assignment Part I Short Answer Question 1 Maersk Line is one of the most famous B2B companies when it comes to social media. The purpose of this discussion is to analyse their use of multiple channels while suggesting the opportunities for improvement in the course of handling the demands and expectations of the consumers in various markets and industries of operation (Kampf, 2007). The institution has various or multiple channels in the course of enhancing communication and interaction with the consumers and other business entities in pursuit of sustainable competitive advantage within the market and industry of operation (Chui et al., 2013; Taprial & Kanwar, 2012). The multiple changes are essential in enabling the organisation to provide a wide coverage of services, as well as multiple feeder sailings per week to various destinations across the world. Similarly, the multiple channels will enable the organisation to enhance flexibility and convenience among the target audiences or business entities, thus the perfect platform for improving the market coverage within the industry of operation (Reinhardt et al., 2012). It is critical to note that the organisation focuses on the usage of the multiple channels to exploit the experience in shipping while utilising the local and international expertise with reference to shipping knowledge, as well as quality equipment services (Pawlik et al., 2012; Isodje, 2013). The organisation has the perfect platform to execute business transactions and activities with other businesses rather than engaging consumers directly, thus the usage of the direct channels (email and fax), e-channels (electronic data exchange and website systems), online tracking system, and so on. These attributes are ideal in enhancing effectiveness and efficiency in the modern context while addressing the demands and expectations of the target audiences, thus the opportunity for the realisation of sustainable competitive advantage against major competitors within the industry. The multiple channels are essential in enabling the organisation or B2B to offer reliable and easy services and efficient products to the consumers while utilising appropriate policies and principles in relation to the CSR. Moreover, the approach enables Maersk Line to offer quality customer experience, which is ideal in the improvement of the image and reputation of the organisation (Trapp & Knudsen, 2013). Maersk Line has a Facebook profile page, which has close to 1 million likes with four major tabs on the initial page. The page is essential in attracting attention while creating engagement through sharing negative, as well as positive news, thus the opportunity for the organisation to demonstrate credibility. Similarly, the institution has more than 60,000 followers on its Twitter handle (Zhou, 2013). The organisation tends to have approximately 10 official tweeters consisting of employees, chief commercial officer, and some business managers with substantive knowledge and information on the concept of shipping in pursuit of sustainability in handling the demands and expectations of the business entities and other consumers. The institution also focuses on the usage of LinkedIn platform, which has approximately 40,000 followers. According to the recent survey, most of the B2B consumers would prefer to connect with the company on LinkedIn in comparison to other channels or social media outlets. The approach is essential in enabling the organisation to offer shipping industry news, which might be relevant to the followers seeking to achieve their goals and targets while exploiting the products and services at their disposal (Romero et al., 2011). The plan for the company is to develop further groups, which are customer specific for maximisation of the opportunities while minimising the costs of transactions within the market and industry of operation. It is also essential to note that the organisation has platforms for the photography and video sharing and posting with the intention of creating appropriate and quality customer experience within the market and industry of operation (Hanna et al., 2011). Finally, the organisation incorporates the existing Google Plus to enhance communication and interactions within the business entities, suppliers, and other institutions in pursuit of sustainable growth and development. From this perspective, it is critical to note that the organisation uses multiple social media platforms with the intention of engaging NGOs, competition, employees, potential workers, shipping enthusiasts and fans. Other entities include suppliers and regulatory bodies in pursuit of sustainable growth and development or competitive advantage within the industry of transaction. Conclusively, the organisation should consider utilisation of these outlets or social media platforms to aid in the maximisation of the market coverage while reducing costs of transactions in addressing the demands and wants of the consumers. Short Answer Question 2 I am an aspiring marketing manager with adequate knowledge and expertise in web and traditional advertising, events, campaigns, and promotions. I have had the opportunity to interact with various management practitioners in the course of my career. Until recently, I led a team of students focused on the presentation of sales mechanisms and techniques while developing a critical software program for effectiveness and efficiency in enhancing the image and reputation of the team in various entities. In this role, I focused on utilising and enhancing my expertise and knowledge in B2B marketing in spite of having done extensive B2C work in the past. Some of the successes in this position include creation of a social media and online advertising campaign, which had the opportunity to generate enormous media buzz. My management skills and knowledge were essential in the success of the group or the team. In the course of my management career, I have witnessed various management styles and concepts. For instance, I have come across motivating and trusting, as well as the controlling and critical management styles (Ward, 2013). From these management styles, I believe that it is the obligation of the managers to ensure that business entities or companies run properly through recognition of the untapped potential in others. I believe that inspiration is one of my best weapons towards succeeding in the management profession. I have great abilities and potentialities in relation to keeping harmony within the workplace as an element of social responsibility. In addition, I have great ambitions towards handling legal, as well as ethical duties, thus appropriate opportunity towards the achievement of the goals and targets at the end of the fiscal period (Neeley & Leonardi, 2011). Moreover, I continue to strive for leadership in the course of enhancing my management career. I believe that the achievement of best leadership is through effective and efficient management of the performance, as well as responsibilities of various departments in pursuit of sustainable growth and development (Simons, 2013). I have the best training and expertise in relation to utilising positive interpersonal skills, thus exploitation of excellent communication skills. Similarly, I tend to understand the external aspects of the organisational network, thus the perfect platform towards becoming a well-rounded manager (Robbins, Judge, Millett, & Boyle, 2013). Colleagues know me as a highly creative marketer with the potentiality of providing an opportunity for them to come up with various innovative ideas in pursuit of sustainable competitive advantage. I have substantive information on the fact that client’s business comes first, thus limiting the tendency of trying to imposing my ideas on others (Mone & London, 2014). Instead, I have the tendency of spending maximum time in understanding the business, as well as the audience prior to suggesting ideas for the achievement or realisation of the goal, thus the opportunity for expression and effective decision-making. I have the ability and potentiality to work well alone, but I am capable of being at my best through collaborating with others. Currently, I am looking for various opportunities to express and implement the acquired knowledge in pursuit of competitive advantage in the market and industry of transaction as a marketer (http://www.seek.com.au/job/28759756?pos=30&type=standard). List of References 1. Kampf, C. (2007). Corporate social responsibility: WalMart, Maersk and the cultural bounds of representation in corporate web sites. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 12(1), 41-57. 2. Chui, M., Dewhurst, M., & Pollak, L. (2013). Building the social enterprise. McKinsey Quarterly, 4, 8-11. 3. Taprial, V., & Kanwar, P. (2012). Understanding social media. Bookboon. 4. Reinhardt, F. L., Casadesus-Masanell, R., & Nellemann, F. (2012). Maersk Line and the Future of Container Shipping. Harvard Business School Case Study, 9-712. 5. Pawlik, T., Gaffron, P., & Dewes, P. A. (2012). Corporate Social Responsibility in Maritime Logistics. Maritime Logistics: Contemporary Issues, 205-226. 6. Isodje, A. A. (2013, November). The use of social media for business promotion. In Emerging & Sustainable Technologies for Power & ICT in a Developing Society (NIGERCON), 2013 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 172-175). IEEE. 7. Trapp, L., & Knudsen, T. (2013). Corporate Social Responsibility Communication on Social Media. 8. Zhou, Z. (2013). The social media marketing of seaports. 9. Romero, D. M., Galuba, W., Asur, S., & Huberman, B. A. (2011). Influence and passivity in social media. In Machine learning and knowledge discovery in databases (pp. 18-33). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 10. Hanna, R., Rohm, A., & Crittenden, V. L. (2011). We’re all connected: The power of the social media ecosystem. Business horizons, 54(3), 265-273. 11. Neeley, T., & Leonardi, P. (2011). Effective managers say the same thing twice (or more). Harvard business review, 89(5), 38-39. 12. Simons, R. (2013). Levers of control: How managers use innovative control systems to drive strategic renewal. Harvard Business Press. 13. Mone, E. M., & London, M. (2014). Employee engagement through effective performance management: A practical guide for managers. Routledge. 14. Ward, C. (2013). Book review: Leadership and management development: Developing tomorrow’s managers. Management Learning, 44(4), 424-426. 15. Robbins, S., Judge, T. A., Millett, B., & Boyle, M. (2013). Organisational behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU. Part II: Essay Questions Is cyber-bullying and public shaming the same thing on social media? Support your argument with evidence Cyber bullying is the usage of technology to threaten, harass, embarrass, and target another person. Public shaming seems to have substantive implications in the news (again). In March, 2013, a woman focused on publicly shaming two men under the influence of social media platform (Twitter). The anonymous woman had the opportunity to listen to two men have a talk at a technical conference. In the course of this process, she became upset at their sexist, as well as the degrading dialogue (Patchin & Hinduja, 2006). The eventual outcome was her action in taking a photo of the two men, uploading it to the social media, and integrating a note revealing their consequential communication or conversation. Like in most case, the tweet had the opportunity to spread, thus the discovery by the supervisor of one of the men in the discussion. The targeted individual had to encounter prompt firing from his position. The question, which arises from this context, is whether the anonymous woman could have told the men in person concerning her feelings. It is also critical to note that may be her anonymity did play a role in her ability to ‘correct’ the behaviour of the men (Price & Daelgleish, 2010; Shwartz, 2010; Zetter, 2007). In the course of understanding the relationship between the public shaming and cyberbullying, it is critical to suppose that an individual posts a picture of another person with a nasty comment with the intention of ridiculing, correcting, and embarrassing the target audience (Nocentini et al., 2010). Is it ideal to call the action cyberbullying or public shaming? In this essay, it is ideal to call the supposed action as cyberbullying or public shaming. This is because of the goal of cyberbullying or public shaming is to lower or hurt dignity, as well as humiliate and implicate negatively on the pride and honour of the target audience. The only difference between the two is the fact that public shaming is acceptable in most cases while it is not possible to say the same about cyberbullying. There are various aspects of cyberbullying behaviour, which might masquerade as public shaming. Some of the examples or illustrations include: i. The tendency of sharing embarrassing pictures of the victims through email or public forum ii. The approach to post rumours, dirt, and lies about the victims in a public forum or social media iii. Usage of texts, instant messages, emails, and photos with the intention of expressing mean, as well as threatening messages. iv. The approach of uploading a video to YouTube with the tendency of embarrassing the victim or the target audience v. Sharing of the personal information of an individual in a public forum or social media platforms in the digitalised economy vi. Pretending to be the victim in the context of the chat room, thus the opportunity to act in embarrassing ways From the above illustrations, it is critical to note that public shaming can slither through the openings of bad behaviour because of the intention of obtaining vengeance or punishment. In most cases, it is common to think that a perpetrator deserves to be shamed and humiliated (Lawrence & Bennett, 2001). The major question arises in relation to the implications of shaming in the isolation of the person’s misbehaviour, as well as the potentiality of correcting the act. According to various management scholars and practitioners, shaming has the natural ability and potentiality to drive away the impulse of an individual to act poorly or badly in the public domain or context. Nevertheless, this comes out as a false logic. For instance, prisons do not have the expected influence in driving away the impulse to commit crime naturally. In the practical context, public shaming might generate even darker misconduct in the case the perpetrator decides to act out towards the individual participating in the shaming process (Gamson & Lawi, 2003). The influence of anger and guilt might relate to or escalate bad behaviour contrary to the expectations. The next interest of this relationship is the potential harm to the ‘shamed’ individual. For instance, surveillance video caught a woman throwing a cat into a garbage can. The social media practitioners did what they thought was ideal to shame her publicly. The action went as far as revealing her identity, thus subjecting her to various threats to the results. In addition, it is critical to highlight the prevalence of the anonymity behind public shaming and the essence or elements of cyberbullying. The anonymity behind the two concepts is essential in increasing the likelihood that individuals will behave badly because of the lack of foreseen repercussions or interactions outside the social media (Hogan, 2002). Public shaming and cyberbullying are degrading aspects in attempts to correct behaviour or point our various faults in others. After 10 years of public silence, Monica Lewinsky focused on enhancing the understanding of the concepts of public shaming and cyberbullying in the TED talk video in March 2015. She relates her story to the implications of the advent of internet in putting her case into a spotlight, as well as magnifying glass (Hogan, 2002). According to her presentation, the case broke online, thus the perfect opportunity for the world to realise the rare opportunity, during that time, that internet surpassed the traditional news. The implications of the outbreak of the story were massive to the extent that the Lewinsky moved from being a completely private figure to the publicly humiliated entity in the global context. From her story, it is critical to note that she shares her own reflections on the public shaming, as well as cyber-bullying with unabashed dignity and honesty (Kalb, 2001). The video also relates to the case of Tyler Clementi, an 18-year-old Rutgers University freshman, who sought to jump to his death from a bridge following the incident in which his roommate turned the room webcam on his intimate moments with another man. From the illustration, Lewinsky notes that the similarity between the two concepts: cyber-bullying and public shaming exists in the consequences in relation to how they drive various people to make inappropriate decisions to avoid or limit the weight, as well as pain of humiliation. From Lewinsky’s story, it is essential to note that the digital revolution played a critical role in aiding the spread of the scandal. People had the opportunity to access all the info they wanted, anytime, and anywhere (Monica, 2015). The scandal occurred before the social media era, but people still had the opportunity to comment online, email stories, and email cruel jokes concerning her story. In the modern context, the actions would come out as cyberbullying, public shaming, or online harassment. In the course of the developments, it was impossible for people to consider or imagine that an individual was the receiving end of all the jokes and insults while referring to her as tramp, slut, whore, or bimbo because of her involvement in the sex scandal in the context of the United States (Monica, 2015). From the above illustrations, it is critical to note that cyber-bullying and public shaming is the same thing in the social media platforms. This is because of the implications of the concepts in the course humiliating or degrading the pride and honour of individuals on the social media platforms under the influence of technological advancements. The intention of the public shaming and cyber-bullying is to bully the target audiences through subjected humiliation and degradation. On the other hand, the public has the tendency of accepting public shaming in the course of correcting inappropriate behaviour. This is not the case of cyber-bullying, which comes out as a negative issue affecting the image and reputation of the online platforms in the course of correcting inappropriate behaviour. The two concepts lead to the same outcome on the social media platforms, which relates to psychological implications on the target audiences concerning the specific issues of interests. List of References 1. Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2006). Bullies move beyond the schoolyard a preliminary look at cyberbullying. Youth violence and juvenile justice, 4(2), 148-169. 2. Price, M., & Dalgleish, J. (2010). Cyberbullying: Experiences, impacts and coping strategies as described by Australian young people. Youth Studies Australia, 29(2), 51. 3. Nocentini, A., Calmaestra, J., Schultze-Krumbholz, A., Scheithauer, H., Ortega, R., & Menesini, E. (2010). Cyberbullying: Labels, Behaviours and Definition in Three European Countries. Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 20(02), 129-142. 4. Schwartz, J. (2010). Bullying, suicide, punishment. Wall Street Journal, 10. 5. Zetter, K. (2007). Cyber-bullying suicide stokes the Internet fury machine. 6. Lawrence, R. G., & Bennett, W. L. (2001). Rethinking Media Politics and Public Opinion: Reactions to the Clinton‐Lewinsky Scandal. Political Science Quarterly, 116(3), 425-446. 7. Gamson, J., & Lowi, T. (2003). Public Affairs: Politics in the age of sex scandals. P. Apostolidis, & J. A. Williams (Eds.). Duke University Press. 8. Hogan, M. I. (2002). The" Liberated" Captive: A Review of" Monica in Black and White". Iowa Journal of Cultural Studies, 2(1), 131-138. 9. Kalb, M. L. (2001). One scandalous story: Clinton, Lewinsky, and thirteen days that tarnished American journalism. Simon and Schuster. 10. Monica Lewinsky, (2015). “TED Talk: the Price of Shame.” Retrieved from http://www.ted.com/talks/monica_lewinsky_the_price_of_shame?language=en Is copyright an old-fashioned idea in the age of social media? Discuss Copyright is essential in protecting the owner of one kind of intellectual property (created by the person, but without form or substance). From this perspective, only certain kinds of works fall within the copyright rules and regulations. It is essential to note that the creator copyrights a work following its production and designation of the copy. It is also critical to demonstrate that a copyright can be valuable in registering the innovation. Nevertheless, copyright does not depend on the registration of the innovation or intellectual property. The purpose of this essay is to illustrate that copyright is an old-fashioned idea in the age of social media. Technology has the tendency of affecting or influencing the perception of the individuals in the course of making decisions. In addition, social media, as one of the elements of technological advancements, has been critical in the transformation of interactions and communications within the society. In the course of attaining this goal or objective, social media platforms have been critical in the transformation of the issue of copyright, thus making it an old-fashioned concept or idea in the age of social media. On the other hand, users have focused on evasion of the concept of copyright in the digital era (Holderman & Crockett, 2014). In the digital era, every social media user has the potentiality of acting as a publisher of sorts and executes this role without consideration of the existing copyright laws. From this perspective, social media has been critical in transforming the means of communication through providing instant information to publish, as well as publicise any content (Kaplan & Haenlein, 2010). Moreover, social media platforms continue to offer various marketing opportunities for instant, mass publication of the content through tweets, photos, links, and blogs to content, thus transformation of the copyright perception. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram among others have the potentiality of allowing online posting of materials that might be have copyright restrictions (Bertot et al., 2012). This is an illustration that copyright is an old-fashioned idea in the age of social media. From this perspective, it is critical to note that social media platforms do not won the work posted on their sites, thus the potentiality of the owner to retain the copyright of the innovation, content, and information on the online platforms (Mangold & Faulds, 2009). Nevertheless, by users agreeing to post works or information on the social media platforms, they sign an agreement, which offers the sites license to use the work, information, or content on their platforms. In this contexts, there is no payment in the course of providing or offering the license to the social media platforms (Eyrich et al., 2008). According to the Twitter terms of service, social media users retain rights to any content they submit, post, and display on or through the relevant services. However, social media users have the potentiality of granting the social site a global, non-exclusively, and royalty-free license through submitting, posting, and displaying relevant contents on the media platforms (Gilbert & Karahalios, 2009). In this context, Twitter has the authority and right to use, copy, reproduce, adapt process, modify, and publish the content on their service systems and process. It is also essential to note that the company can display, as well as distribute such content in any or all media outlets under the influence of any mechanism or technique of distribution (Xiang & Gretzel, 2010). From this perspective, Twitter users have the potentiality and ability to grant Twitter a license with the intention of making tweets available to other users of the social media platform through sharing, posting, and publishing contents on the online platforms (Agichtein et al., 2008). This is an illustration of the influence of Twitter, as a social media, in negating the influence and implications of copyright in the digital era. In the case of Facebook, terms of service are similar for the users. In this context, it is essential to note that Facebook user owns all the content, as well as information they post on Facebook. Users gave the opportunity to use privacy and application settings to control how they share information and content on the Facebook platform. Moreover, in the case of the intellectual property rights, users have the ability and potentiality to offer Facebook a non-exclusive, sub-licensable, royal-free, worldwide license, and transferable license to utilise any IP content or information on Facebook, the context of IP License. From this perspective, Facebook uses the analogy of a recycle bin, thus facilitating deleting of all content or information when the user decides to leave the social media platform. In the case of Pinterest, which is a social media site enabling members or users to post photos from their websites, as well as other places, the organisation does not take the copyright from the users to the photos (Curtis et al., 2010). Nevertheless, the potentiality of signing up for the pinterest and agreeing to their terms and privacy notice is essential enabling the company to gain non-exclusive, royalty-fee, transferable, and worldwide license to use, display, as well as reproduce or re-arrange the user content for the purposes of operating and offering service to the registered users. It is critical for social media users should not assume that providing credit for a work or perhaps a link to webpage evades infringement on the copyright rules and regulations (Qualman, 2010). This is a false illustration. It is critical to note that the holder of the copyright tends to have the exclusive rights in the course of publishing his or her work, as well as innovation. The act of simply offering credit does not immunise a secondary user from the possible infringement claim in relation to the issue of copyright. The digital era has been essential in complicating matters concerning copyright. For instance, when users decide to create social media account, they have the tendency of agreeing to the particular terms of use of the relevant websites. In most cases, these terms relate to the statement of certification illustrating that the users have the intellectual property rights to the content they are posting on the social media platforms. Agreement to such terms enables social media users to take on the liability in relation to the infringement claim, which might emanate from the complaints by an author for the content of the users’ post. From this perspective, the social media companies are learning to protect themselves more and more from such legal or copyright issues through spreading the liability to the users under the influence of the terms and conditions of engagement on the media platforms. Social media platforms have the tendency of attracting more than 10 million visitors on a daily basis. Such entities or visitors rely heavily on the copyrighted materials in the course of generating substantive traffic to the various sites. In spite of the fact that a certain group of the social media users offer credit to the original author, the provision of such illustrations does not demonstrate similarities to having permission to post the content or information. There is a fine line between the original artists craving for the increased publicity and websites tending to make more money through selling works of the authorship as stock images across the internet platforms. Social media users have the obligations of understanding the risks of repining or sharing protected information in the professional and private realms. Conclusively, copyright is an old-fashioned idea in the age of social media. Social media platforms or companies have the tendency of using terms of services and conditions enabling members to post, share, and reproduce content on such platforms. This is through agreement to the terms and conditions relating to the sharing and reproduction of information and content on the media platforms. In this context, it is essential to note that entities such as Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube transfer liability to the users in the course of handling the copyright issues or regulations relating to the posts, photos, and other relevant contents on the internet platforms. List of References 1. Holderman, S., & Crockett, A. (2014). Copyright and Social Media. Tennessee Libraries, 64(2). 2. Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business horizons, 53(1), 59-68. 3. Mangold, W. G., & Faulds, D. J. (2009). Social media: The new hybrid element of the promotion mix. Business horizons, 52(4), 357-365. 4. Bertot, J. C., Jaeger, P. T., & Hansen, D. (2012). The impact of polices on government social media usage: Issues, challenges, and recommendations. Government Information Quarterly, 29(1), 30-40. 5. Xiang, Z., & Gretzel, U. (2010). Role of social media in online travel information search. Tourism management, 31(2), 179-188. 6. Gilbert, E., & Karahalios, K. (2009, April). Predicting tie strength with social media. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 211-220). ACM. 7. Eyrich, N., Padman, M. L., & Sweetser, K. D. (2008). PR practitioners’ use of social media tools and communication technology. Public relations review, 34(4), 412-414. 8. Agichtein, E., Castillo, C., Donato, D., Gionis, A., & Mishne, G. (2008, February). Finding high-quality content in social media. In Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining (pp. 183-194). ACM. 9. Curtis, L., Edwards, C., Fraser, K. L., Gudelsky, S., Holmquist, J., Thornton, K., & Sweetser, K. D. (2010). Adoption of social media for public relations by nonprofit organizations. Public Relations Review, 36(1), 90-92. 10. Qualman, E. (2010). Socialnomics: How social media transforms the way we live and do business. John Wiley & Sons. Read More