Psychology Essays

Depression is usually defined as that state of low mood and aversion to activity that significantly affects the thoughts, behavior, feelings and the physical well-being of a certain person. Usually, depression is accompanied by negative feelings that include but are not limited to sadness, anxiety, worthlessness, restlessness, guilt and irritability

Depressive disorders, on the other hand, refer to the illness caused by continuous or excessive depressed moods. Anxiety and depressive disorders hardly occur in their pure forms. Anxiety disorders have some sort of association with the disorders related to depression although this association is not very strong.

In health care, however, communication is needed to help boost the morale of patients or even to make them feel secured. Constant communication between the patient and the nurse will definitely develop into a relationship of trust which can be of great help for the fast recovery of patients.

Memory is a very fascinating gift that allows individuals to know everything that they know. However, the process by which memories are created, stored and retrieved is not that simple, therefore psychologists have made many models to describe how it works. One such model is the three-stage model where memories pass through three stages that are Sensory Memory Storage, Short-term Memory and Long-term Memory.

 Cultural and socioeconomic differences can influence how an adolescent’s perception and sexuality ultimately develops. Menarche is known as the first menstrual period of a female-bodied person’s life. This time is, for many different cultures, the marking point for the beginning of the transition from a child to a woman as she approaches into adulthood. 

While other works have explored word comprehension in older children, the work herein discussed is novel as it examines sound association in 6-month olds. The authors conducted two experiments to test the hypothesis of whether infants are able to associate certain sounds with critical social actors rather than other people.

Jim Jones, the primary character of the movie entitled after him is a talented and witty preacher who was so passionate about the Bible since he was a child and he came to understand that he had a calling to serve God under the assistance and guidance of Mrs.

Communication is obviously at the forefront of what any company needs to do to get their product or service to be well used and well-loved. Advertisers have been developing communication strategies for centuries, but the fact remains that advances in the understanding of psychology in the past few decades have made great leaps.

Other departments, such as the billing department, will always want to see the information concerning the patient's treatment so they can charge the patient appropriately. Physicians are advised not to discuss information concerning the patient with any individual outside the office, even in cases whereby the name of the patient is not revealed.

The notion of human psychology has undergone numerous trends and developed significantly over the years. Nowadays, experimental existential psychology is mostly applied in the study of human personality. It is expected that this new approach in psychology would ultimately become the best method by establishing its own individuality.

Accordingly, the planning and commencement of quinceanera is to mark the fifteen year old Latinas into their womanhood, in which it represents the development and restoration of the personal self among the celebrants which is more than a social event of a birthday celebration.

The existence of two football teams in the same area,for instance in Manchester city,is therefore a sign of existent differences between different factions supporting different teams.Personal attitudes are,therefore,formed out of these inclinations and later direct the opinions one holds over an opponent.

For example, reasoning and abstract thinking, perception, memory and problem solving as well as control and integrative processes related to decision-making such as planning, choosing strategies, and their enactment. Although there are many diverse definitions and theories regarding intelligence, almost all of them show the existence of compound processes (Buros, 1974).

Psychologically, the coach-athlete relationship has a profound effect on the responses of the coaches to the athletes. Stewart & Taylor indicate that a negative relationship between the athletes and the coach may cause poor performance in the athletes2. This essay shall evaluate the effect of gender in sports performance, and if female football players are trainable than the males.

Substance abuse also referred to as drug abuse, is illustrative of an individual’s pattern to seek thrill from the psychoactive substance, which has devastating results. In other words, substance abuse is the willful misuse of drugs, whether legal or not, for recreation purposes, as a perceived necessity or convenience.

Psychological research has also evolved over time and psychologists are now using the internet to aid their studies. The widespread usage of personal computers and the internet offers new opportunities for psychologists to collect data, collaborate with each other and distribute the results (Kraut et al, 2004)).

Despite the aforementioned complexity of choosing an appropriate strategy to assist the Alzheimer’s patient, it is clear that the role of the social and health caregiver is to assume a position of educator and counselor, taking a very interactive role in facilitating positive discussions and attempting to open lines of trusted communications.

Women exercise for a variety of reasons that may range from enjoyment to the maintenance of good physical well-being. However, it is also important to acknowledge some of the reasons why they don't exercise. Many women blame the weather, lack of time, lack of energy and lack of motivation or some other factors.

Human behaviour is acquired, therefore all behaviour can be untrained, and different behaviours studied to replace the old ones. Behaviourism is primarily concerned with the noticeable and measurable features of human actions. Therefore, when actions become undesirable, they can be destroyed or deterred.

Humans are social beings that are characterized by having a natural instinct to interact with their surrounding environment. With reference to humans, there are different classifications of environments that people are exposed to in their daily lives. Their social, cultural, economic, and physical environments surround people.

Bipolar disorder is a complex mental disorder. It is of different types ranging from mild to severe and has a variety of symptoms. Symptoms mainly experienced by the patients are unpredictable and dramatic changes in the mood. The symptoms of bipolar disorder can mainly be classified as bipolar symptoms, mania symptoms, and depression symptoms.

The essay denotes characteristics of the persuasive message and significance of the sleeper effect. It further brings out an examination of the audience characteristics. Lastly, it indicates how the e-word of mouth phenomena in Feenstra’s story illustrates the concepts dealing with persuasion.

Autistic spectrum disorder can be traced to an evolutionary mutation trend in humans who contain hybrid gluten in their diet following research done on the subject, where children suffering from autism are deemed unsuitable to consume foods that contain gluten or casein (“The gluten- and casein-free diet in children with autism” 2010).

The client was born twenty years ago in the city of New York to a middle-income family but during his childhood, the parents ended up separating and eventually divorced when he was seven.  This separation coincided with a time when the family was experiencing financial difficulty since the family’s grocery business ended up suffering losses.

Each child was shown several items and asked to predict whether they would float or sink and to provide explanations. They were also challenged on inconsistencies. It was found that children did indeed try to develop a consistent theory for why some objects float and others sink, and that maturity was associated with more complex explanations.

The role of the historian was played, as there was a retrospective examination of data from previous Starbucks research studies, which is an inquiry from the outside. Finally, I also played the role of the instrument by being in the middle of information gathering. As a researcher, I was the instrument for information collected through observation.

J. R. Angell at the University of Chicago, perhaps the most progressive of the functional psychologists, predicted that American psychology was ready for greater objectivity. In 1910, he commented that it seemed possible that the term consciousness would disappear from psychology, much as the term soul had disappeared.  

  Each of them is inclined towards comprehending mental processing and thinking of humans and its development through various stages. Hence, conclusively it has been noted that these theories are quite crucial and significant in the domain of psychology.  

The bird was well trained to give correct answers to queries like ‘What color?’ , ‘What shape?’; by alternating these questions with ‘What’s this?’ etc. However, focusing on the test objects was avoided because it would not give the right inference about whether the response of the bird is based on stimuli-governed conditioning or by its conceptual representation.

Whether employers can eliminate workers based on other criteria such as obesity and cigarette smoking is quite a gray concern. What employers may or may not do to nurture a “reasonably healthy” workforce falls into a lawfully disconcerted area. If an employer concludes to hire job applicants by depending on perceptions that they are old or unhealthy, to cut on healthcare insurance costs, is a critical violation of state and federal stipulations from my I/O psychological viewpoint..

The advantage of both of these terms to an individual is that they allow an individual to focus on one thing probably the thing that makes the person calm and distressed (Rosen, 2006). The primary difference between meditation and hypnosis is the way they are portrayed.

Role of Parents in helping young people to negotiate the period of adolescence Adolescence is perhaps one of the most sensitive periods in the life of any individual when the rivalries of mind reach the highest pinnacle. There are different ways in which psychologists interpret this period or the changes in attributes that affect the life of a person and those in the surroundings than others.

The above analysis indicates that various cases require a passable analysis in order to arrive at a significant conclusion. The analysis indicates that investigation of various events should be supported by psychological assessment. According to Casey, this can help in identifying a possible perpetrator of a certain crime.

Center of discussion in this paper is cultural shock as the trauma one experiences when one moves into a culture that is different from ones own home culture. There are various factors that lead to cultural shock. Some of them are differences in food, difficulty in communication, differences in customs and values, unacceptable standards of cleanliness, fear for personal safety, and so on and on.

Flynn (2007) describes the Flynn effect, as the rise in ability scores based on the three IQ points that researchers have observed over generations. More so, the research results indicated that IQ scores of populations have undergone linear and interrupted change over time, as individuals experience an increase in the average human capabilities.

This article informs us that facial attractiveness has enormously focused mainly on factors such as symmetry, sex-typical characters and averageness evolved under the influence of sex steroids. They authors have also provided information with regard to skin pigmentation and skin surface topography cues, specifically in women.

 This paper will discuss the need for greater attention to cultural influences and minority cultures in the field of therapeutic techniques such as Narrative therapy, Reality therapy, Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy and Brief Therapy.

It uses research to discuss the utility of picture inventories in comparison to the verbal tests, and also the scope for using adaptations of GPIIs for different sections of society to suit their needs better.

The author states that it is difficult to standardize the reasons for psychological disorders because of the different abilities people possess in dealing with difficult situations. Some people may have good mental power so that they may not be easily agitated when they face some problem in their life.

Social Psychologists have delved into this and have conducted experiments, the results of which have been astonishing. The aim of this research paper is to try and answer whether obedience really is a desirable thing or is the cost of being obedient, much too great to pay.

The healthy behavior of an infant purely depends on the attachment it has with the mother or the caregiver. A constant communication or attachment with the infant ensures that the child does not get affected by any of the external factors ensuring a sense of security for the child. The article focused on certain aspects like mother-child interaction.

The subject of interest for this researcher is family conflict. This issue is further narrowed down to domestic violence. The interest stems from a curiosity in regard to conflict and violence within personal relationships. Domestic violence involved conflicts and violence perpetrated on family members such as spousal violence, parents physically abusing children, or children abusing the elderly.

Stress and Illness. Life is full of hurdles, issues and problems. At all stages of life, there are issues that affect an individual intellectually, emotionally, and even physically. When we have health problems, our first instinct is to rush to a doctor and request for medication.

As the discussion stresses sexual intercourse between sexual partners is not just a physical act but something more, and related to many emotional and psychological aspects of a love relationship. The positive factors desired in a sexual relationship include a healthy acceptance of sexuality, effective ways of relating to and bonding with each other.

The phrase ‘health promoting prison’ covers the prisons in which; “the risks to health are reduced to a minimum; essential prison duties such as the maintenance of security are undertaken in a caring atmosphere that recognizes the inherent dignity of every prisoner and their human rights; health services are provided to the level, and in a professional manner, equivalent to what is provided in the country as a whole; and where a whole-prison approach to promoting health and welfare is the norm.”

Various studies have been carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of such trials with varying results. In most cases, three methods are used to assess the relationship between psychopathology and competence determinations. Normally, the absence of psychotic disorder would mean one is ready to stand trial.

She was methodical about her actions, waiting until her husband left for work and taking an advantage of a spare hour between his departure and the arrival of her mother-in-law to lock up the dog and commit her murderous act. The problem with the case is that the legal definition of insanity is in direct conflict with the actions and diagnosis.

Additionally, humans can manage to take a broad view through observation of collections of objects that are not familiar. These objects are often identified from different views or vantage points, sizes, and locations. These objects can also be distinguished in cases where they have been partly blocked from view.

Human Resources or HR departments exist in most organizations. Even in smaller and non-profit organizations, there is at least one individual who is responsible for activities involved with maintaining the workforce of the organization. A Human Resources employee may be concerned with activities related to hiring, training and managing employees (Ryan, & Ford, 2010).

From a psychological perspective, it just gives us another approach to viewing the subject. It entails the uncontroversial assumption that all behavior is controlled by one’s brain. Its application at a very basic level begins with the basic instincts that a child needs immediate fulfillment for when he is an infant. A baby would hence cry when hungry, sick or when needs attention.