The Community and it Development - Research Proposal Example

TOPIC: COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NAME: INSTITUTION NAME: COURSE INSTRUCTOR 24TH April2009 Introduction Community development is the processing allowing the community to take responsibilities and duties for their own expansion. It mainly aims at making communities to have efficient control over their destinies. For the community to take charge of these there is need for identifying controls that are sustainable that consist of sufficient resources, such as income, knowledge and skills. Community development advocates for bottom down decision making. That is participation should start from the grass root level going to the top leaders. In generally these term is the incorporation of the people into projects be it the government, on-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) or private sectors to improve their social, cultural and economical viability (Hirst, 1994) In the 18th century, Community development sought to planning to create a good community was conducive for everyone. For instance in Australia people came together to create communities Practices and work in Community development entails: a non-patronising approach to working with people, which involves facilitation of the self-determination of communities, rather than the development, administration and delivery of community programs by outside 'experts'; Help the community identify their problems, techniques of resolving the problems. Facilitate the development of programs which empower the community to have a joint responsibility of controlling the available resources. Theoretically help the people to understand of social, political, cultural and economic institutions within the community. Clarify to the society their values, ethics and visions. Principles of community development There are many approaches which can be identified as the principles of community development. Community development being normative in nature it involves pursuing the people to participate in social, economic and political aspects that improve their livelihood. Values, objectives and ideologies are other aspects that Community development focuses on to make the communities live in a better world. For instance, community development is concerned with people’s way of life, gender, violence and issues of inequality. Concepts of community development The community This is the association of people who share same values, identity and ethics. Therefore, it can be explained in terms of geographical location, cultural aspects, economic features, social, demographic characteristics and political settings (Seers, D. (1969). Community development takes place in the communities where it calls upon people to participate in all duties and responsibilities for their own improvement in their wellbeing. A community can be normative in the sense that people are sharing close personal relationships. It can also be temporal where the community is based on past forms of relationship such nurturing for one another and living harmoniously. (Marshall, 1950). Community development take place in organizations also commonly called Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) or non-profit making organizations. Community organization vary according to size and formality interest (Kenny, 2006) Data Data is one of the challenges that face community organizations. As most of them lack adequate date necessary for the management and administration of Community organizations or non-governmental organizations. (Spenser, 1994) Development This is a social evolutionary process that aims at ensuring change in differentiation and incorporation of the community. This change encourages sustainable adoptions of social practices in the adjusting social conditions that contributes to resilience of the community (Spenser, 1994) Development can take both social and economic evolutionary processes. However; these aspects have been disapproved as they believe in progressive change. But all in all development aims at meeting the following objectives: Improve the availability of life supporting resources such as food and shelter. improve the living standards including emphasizes on cultural values and more opportunities to increase the available range of economic and social aspects in the community (Hirst, 1994). Community development initiative This paper aims at addressing the society to work in teams. The teams mainly focus on the: Classify and prioritize needs (projects) and initiative in the community. Initiatives. Conduct research to identify the needs of the community and encouraging participation in such interviews. Connect organisations and communities to ensure that the local communities are aware of what resources available. Organize community development training, and information dissemination via the information centres in the community. Give advice to the communities about ways of getting funds for community projects. Collaborate with other organisations to help simplify services and make it easier to see where gaps exist. Improve communications among teams and individuals so that people have as great opportunities of being involved in what is happening in their local community. (Spenser, 1994) Empowerment and community development Community development aims at empowering the community in teams. Here were are going to emphasize on community development strategies. Empowerment mainly is the collective empowering groups who have common interest and values and want to improve their social, economic and political livelihood. The idea of team empowerment in community development is of main concern due to the commitment to the idea individuals ca work together and intelligent to create a better world. The major benefit of empowering the community is that it promotes the community’s ability to determine their own needs, values and priorities to ensure development in the community (Kenny, 2006) Models of community development There are several models in community development; The activist model This implies that people in the community will only change with adjustments in structures set up in the society. That is the concept community development has to come up with structures and process which will be used in the society such that can change the attitude of people especially those at the top to allow the people participate in projects to be started in their areas. For instance, ask the people what is their major need is it water supply or educational facilities. After choosing what they want they can be incorporates in doing duties involved (Thorpe and Petruchenia, 1985) The welfare state industry model This model advocates for the government to provide opportunities to improve the welfare of the community. It emphasizes on equality of all gender (female and male) and distrubition.That is a government that protects the welfare of its citizens irrespective of sexual orientation or location. This model ensures certain standards of living, service delivery by the professionals who guarantees social freedom and provides programmes when needed (Marshall, T. 1950) Market model The market model believes that out and efficiency are not possible if the government is in control of the resources available. When the state is in control of resources some communities will be left out. This models also emphases that programmes and approaches provided by the private sector should not be more than those provided by the public sector (Thorpe, R. and Petruchenia, J. 1985). The community organisation in a competitive environment Community development operates in situations where it is expected to use a pro-active approach in the development of socioeconomic aspects. Unfortunately the available resources are inadequate to ensure cohesion between the society and economic aspects. As a result competition comes in. But since community development involves community associations which are non profit making organization normally faces financial related problem. Therefore to avoid such community organizations go for goal determination (Seers, D. 1969) Since communities consist of people who are like minded for them to pursue competition situations it would perfect for them to go for goal determination. This requires regular and open negotiation in order to come up with a single goal beneficial to all. To achieve this they must consider the following participants: The resource controllers also called resource controlling institutions; it is essential to identify people who have overall clarification of the available resources. Generally, these are; Financial providers such as the government, private non-profit, or business; labour or service donors like volunteer labour or professional services goods delivery donors such as computing equipment or food gifts and infrastructural facilities providers such as thecommunity buildings and facilities. (Hirst, P. 1994) Community organisation participants;Despite the structure of the community organizations all the views of the participants should be brought on board otherwise this can contribute to the rejection of the project or even the community organization it self Target community sector:This is the community that the client seeks to assist. The community association must be accountable for to ensure the organisation's effectiveness is promoted. This requirement entails clearly specifying the organizations goal, vision and mission statements (Hirst, P. 1994). Let take the case of community participation in the ` environmental health. The main area of concern is Eastern Azerbaijan Healthy Villages project in Iran. World wide many people are living in the rural/village areas. This calls for including these people in the conservation of these places. The concept health village was proposed by the world health organization (WHO) IN 1989.It is a holistic approach that intends to tackle health issues in the rural areas. A health village project promotes the participation of the local community through mobilizing human resources and funds to ensure healthy surroundings. (Seers, D. 1969) East Azerbaijan Province in Iran covers a total of with an area of 45 162 km2.It has a population of 3.5 million people 40 percent of which live in rural areas. The objectives of health village are to: Institute a village committee consisting of the all the residents in the village, mobilize them and ensure their participation. Create awareness among the community and health workers Ensure high standards of hygiene through proper solid waste disposal, improved water supply system and food safety. Enable the community to the main partner in the improvement of rural health. Ensure coordination among various pubic agencies. Implementation of the health village project The Healthy Villages project in East Azerbaijan province was executed in 10 Stages from 1992 to 2000.These stage included; 1. Determining the health status of each stage while considering the availability of services such as waste disposal, water supply and infrastructure. 2. Come up with policies to that will improve and create awareness as far as health issues are concerned. 3. Partner with other sectors interested in the promotion of health in rural areas. 4. Establishing committees in the village 5. Implementing the project with the incorporation of village residents. 6. Training the village residents on ways of improving sanitation. (Arendt, H. 1958) Evaluation of the health village project After the implementation a research was conducted and information gathered mainly from the people in Azerbaijan area. They proposed for: Staff training: training of health providers in this village was conducted starting with the senior management to the junior staff .This was necessary because they are people who deal with health and need to be adequately trained on health matters so that they are updated on any new problem related to health. Community training: The community was also trained using various techniques such as face to face, the media, songs and poetry. The main agenda here was to create awareness about problems associated with living in a dirty environment. Institutionalizing of women’s and men’s health committees from the village: so that incase where women cannot convince men there is someone to take up and vice versa. It also ensured that there is equal representation of both genders. (Arendt, H. 1958) From the above scenario participation of the community into the programme ensured that they accepted the results and even they were on the fore front to help the long term performance the programme. References Hirst, P. (1994) Associative Democracy. New Forms of Economic and Social Governance. Polity Press, Cambridge Arendt, H. (1958) The Human Condition. University of Chicago Press, Chicago Seers, D. (1969) 'The meaning of development', presented at the Eleventh World Conference of the Society for International Development, New Delhi. Marshall, ,T. (1950) Citizenship and Social Class . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Spencer, H. (1964) 'The Evolution of Societies' in Etzioni, A. and Etzioni, E., eds. Social Change: Sources, Patterns and Consequences. Basic Books, New York Kenny, S. (2006) Developing Communities for the Future. 3rd ed, Thomson, South. Melbourne. Thorpe, R. and Petruchenia, J. eds. (1985) Community Work or Social Change? 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(Marshall, 1950). Community development take place in organizations also commonly called Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) or non-profit making organizations. Community organization vary according to size and formality interest (Kenny, 2006) Data Data is one of the challenges that face community organizations. As most of them lack adequate date necessary for the management and administration of Community organizations or non-governmental organizations. (Spenser, 1994) Development This is a social evolutionary process that aims at ensuring change in differentiation and incorporation of the community.

This change encourages sustainable adoptions of social practices in the adjusting social conditions that contributes to resilience of the community (Spenser, 1994) Development can take both social and economic evolutionary processes. However; these aspects have been disapproved as they believe in progressive change. But all in all development aims at meeting the following objectives: Improve the availability of life supporting resources such as food and shelter. improve the living standards including emphasizes on cultural values and more opportunities to increase the available range of economic and social aspects in the community (Hirst, 1994).

Community development initiative This paper aims at addressing the society to work in teams. The teams mainly focus on the: Classify and prioritize needs (projects) and initiative in the community. Initiatives. Conduct research to identify the needs of the community and encouraging participation in such interviews. Connect organisations and communities to ensure that the local communities are aware of what resources available. Organize community development training, and information dissemination via the information centres in the community.

Give advice to the communities about ways of getting funds for community projects. Collaborate with other organisations to help simplify services and make it easier to see where gaps exist. Improve communications among teams and individuals so that people have as great opportunities of being involved in what is happening in their local community. (Spenser, 1994) Empowerment and community development Community development aims at empowering the community in teams. Here were are going to emphasize on community development strategies.

Empowerment mainly is the collective empowering groups who have common interest and values and want to improve their social, economic and political livelihood. The idea of team empowerment in community development is of main concern due to the commitment to the idea individuals ca work together and intelligent to create a better world. The major benefit of empowering the community is that it promotes the community’s ability to determine their own needs, values and priorities to ensure development in the community (Kenny, 2006) Models of community development There are several models in community development; The activist model This implies that people in the community will only change with adjustments in structures set up in the society.

That is the concept community development has to come up with structures and process which will be used in the society such that can change the attitude of people especially those at the top to allow the people participate in projects to be started in their areas. For instance, ask the people what is their major need is it water supply or educational facilities. After choosing what they want they can be incorporates in doing duties involved (Thorpe and Petruchenia, 1985) The welfare state industry model This model advocates for the government to provide opportunities to improve the welfare of the community.

It emphasizes on equality of all gender (female and male) and distrubition.That is a government that protects the welfare of its citizens irrespective of sexual orientation or location. This model ensures certain standards of living, service delivery by the professionals who guarantees social freedom and provides programmes when needed (Marshall, T.

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