Psychology Essays

This is because the 21st Century is full of technology and social media where children spend all their time in whether in school or at home. This affects their sensorimotor as well as cognitive development, not to forget the negative effects on their health. The contemporary society is all digitalized and the children have also not been left behind either despite their age.

Accident causation revolves around human error but an understanding of accidents in complex systems requires a clear definition of error forms and types. To begin with, errors in complex systems have to be understood as normal cognitive processes. That is, evaluation of current errors has indicated systems have had origins in fundamentally essential psychological processes.

A key element is the literature review of credible journals and is crucial as a method for highlighting the true impact of having homosexual parents on the psychological, intellectual, and social well-being of a child.

I have also considered it a significant aspect of the study to adhere to the critical principles for the social science inquiries including participation, elimination of harm, dishonesty, secrecy, and political considerations (Bryman, 2012; p. 76). In fact, the code of conduct espouses these principles to the latter.

The paper 'The Issue of Bipolar Disorder' is a wonderful example of a psychology report. In Julianne’s case, I would most certainly be worried about her withdrawal from the groups that she had been attending and her loss of interest in the extra activities that she had been enjoying doing with others in the center.

The paper "How Persuasion Informs Public Communication: Theory And Practice" is a great example of a report on psychology. Persuasion is the changing of attitudes by presenting information about another attitude (social psychological factors underlying the impact of advertising). This paper underlines the effects of psychology in public communication.

Experimenting with new ideas and business opportunities provides me an opportunity to move ahead of others. This is something that is inculcated in me since childhood and has helped me take new ways to ensure my development of myself. My love and desire towards being something different from the world have helped me excel and brought about widespread changes in how I conduct my business. 

The order of sessions coded was randomized to prevent possible biasing effects related to the order of receipt. Rotating pairs of raters independently coded the 114 sessions by listening to the audiotape and reading the transcript. Each rater coded 38 sessions, completing approximately 2 per week. No rater coded the same client twice.

The members were informed about the general nature of the study, their right not to be deceived unnecessarily and the freedom to withdraw from the study at any point in time. They were assured that their data would be made anonymous and only group data would be reported. They were fully debriefed at the end of the data collection.

The goal of such tests is to determine the underlying conflicts in an individual’s personality. The reliability and validity of the projective tests are however low. This is because the response of the participant will be determined by his or her current mood or the current concerns rather than the real characteristics.

People within a given society believe that people with mental illnesses have a little chance of recovery therefore, developing the stigma. In fact, the majority of the people within a society have the belief that the mentally ill patients are closer to death therefore, disregarding their worthiness and therefore making the stigma stronger and deep-rooted.

Legislations in various countries including Australia and the United States prohibit the use of handheld mobile phones and encourage and allow the use of hands-free mobile phones whilst driving. This is based on the argument that individuals are able to focus on their tasks better when using hands-free mobile devices rather than a handheld cell phone.

Society should work towards improving the state of women not to treat them as second-class citizens. People should take as their personal responsibility that requires a person to acknowledge what one wants to achieve in college, understand the need to manage time effectively and wisely, between the outside and college life (Downing, 2004).

The delayed reaction shown by spectators who saw the first sign of fire proves that people do not always immediately react to fire and smoke while the great number of people rushing into a single exit demonstrates the working of groups, and the tendency to act as a whole and follow others in their escape.

Effective techniques for play therapy are closely related to factors that motivate therapy. In the event that these techniques are mentioned, motivation factors will be the basis for such. Rogers (2000) discusses 15 clinically proven play therapy techniques that have been helpful in reducing children’s social problems.

In as much, the qualitative data and results gathered can be very rich and give a lot of in-depth information on a topic, or answers given may raise new topics or issues that have not been previously considered by the researcher. In short, the process of analysis and interview has been impactful and educative.

In the article written by Miller (2007), it is clear that there are insufficient details regarding how the information in the article was collected and how the researcher came to a conclusion. This is because the conclusion seems as if it has been hurriedly done. There is a lot of primary data that the researcher has presented to the readers.

In February the year 2013, a teenager in Australia faced an arrest after allegedly impersonating a doctor for several months (Ollie 2013). This teen, at that time 17 years of age, was spotted while roaming the wards at Royal Adelaide Hospital, and on him were scrubs and a name badge, with a stethoscope hanging comfortably around his neck (Gutman 2012).

The environmental nature of the aviation industry is generally surrounded by both external and internal sources of noise. Pilots are usually subjected to a lot of noise in the course of their duty. High-level pitched noise that emanates from the cockpit and propeller can lead to both long-term and short-term effects for the pilots.

Welch (2003) expands his study into cases of hypertension among older adults in the UK. Welch (2003) acknowledges that just like the United States, the older adults in the UK also suffer from this problem. He argues that there exists a common trend of hypertension among older adults, due to lifestyle challenges.

Lindqvist uses the theory of evolution to imply that there are weaker and stronger races hence the stronger races should be exterminated. He argues that colonization is an example of natural selection that will reduce the number of lower races and inferior countries and foster civilization. He focuses on the paradigm of superiority scale of countries.

In the understanding of the social constructionists, there is a need to examine words and that people use to communicate and how the people understand the world (Muehelenhard, 1999). The three areas that have continued to be controversial include the decision of whether the sexual or domestic violence has occurred, the gender and role of the defining of the domestic violence, and the final controversial is what to count in the domestic violence.

The past decade has witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of people who have directly or indirectly participated in nonviolent action, particularly of political nature. For some of these activists, nonviolent action is precisely an expedient approach to dealing with conflict and fostering social change; while for others, nonviolence is simply a moral imperative or a way of life.

In life, people make statements based on the overall rules and results from the experiences and lessons in life to an extent of involving items not under the known rule. Different theories show overgeneralization application in linguistics in the process of child language acquisition. Overgeneralization in linguistics is whereby the child extends the use of a grammatical rule to language items excluded from the rule application.

60 participants were tested and this included 31 males and 29 females aged between 18 and 70 years. The participants were told to respond by giving a rating of the emotions they would feel according to certain scenarios presented to them. A self-report questionnaire with 40 questions was used with a scoring sheet, consent form, and a debriefing form.

The paper "The Big Five Personality Traits" is a great example of a report on psychology. Personality traits may be defined as enduring and monitoring a person’s characteristics, thoughts, a prototype of behavior, and emotions that are unique in every individual. A personality trait can be used to determine a person’s behavior and explains the core difference between different individuals.

The nursing practitioners should be nurtured to be familiar with a ‘population health’ approach intended to support mental health and preclusion with early on the intrusion of setbacks and disorders (Heinonen & Metteri, 2005). This will present them with skills in whichever place they work from, such skills take account of.

The first section of the report, ‘Research Background’, provides a detailed analysis of the past literature on the subject matter. It focuses on what experts have stated about customer behavior in a concert or performance. The study of past literature would help in understanding the present case in a better manner.

Jean Piaget was an educational psychologist whose work was extremely important in the 1960s (Gardner, 2008). Through many hours of observing babies and children, he developed a theory of cognitive development, which posits that a child’s mental ability does not develop seamlessly but rather goes through four distinct and predictable stages.

The results of the study support the learned helplessness theory and suggest that a significant decrement in performance may tend to follow failure. The hypothesis for the study was that the performance of any Australian football league team would decline in subsequent matches after experience a significant loss in the first game.

Working memory plays a major role in supporting children’s learning and it is vitally needed to store information whilst other material is being mentally manipulated during classroom learning activities which form the basis for the acquisition of complex knowledge and skills. The schema theory of learning views organized knowledge and a sophisticated network.

Persons with a secure attachment style have no problem with expressing their feelings. When it comes to happiness, they genuinely show is why they do the same to anger. On the other hand, insecurely attached persons may hold back from doing so. The securely attached persons have confidence in their ability to forge relationships and high esteem of themselves.

The order of stimulus presentation on different trials was balanced across trials. There were 90 test trials in total, divided into two blocks of 45 trials. Within each block, there were 23 trials of each type. After each block, participants were free to rest their eyes if they wished. To analyze the data, we conducted an analysis of variance with a set of planned contrasts.

The research applied the ex-post factor approach. This is because there was a systematic experimental inquiry in which the variables were already in existence and were not perfectly manipulative. The design was geared towards testing the theories, identifying behavioral phenomena, satisfying the existing effect of the issue in which these phenomena do occur.

The burden of mental disorders is very high globally. Most patients with mental illness are managed in a community setting. A review carried out by the World Health Organization (WHO) revealed that mental disorders can best be treated using a combination of psychosocial and pharmacological approaches.

Several limitations need to be noted to provide a basic direction for future research. The testing could have been grouped, that is, males and females. This could have provided accurate information on how the three variables are related. In addition, the testing could have involved different age groups and health occupations to give a clear relation to the variables.

Nick feels that a high-stress environment does not impact him negatively which shows that his productivity is not reduced but boosted. This company has incorporated its workers in all levels of decision making in such a way that the stress related to work is addressed at early stages, prevented and minimized from higher to lower levels within the company.

Depression is associated with decreasing positive illusions. People who have low self-esteem or are to some extent depressed have more balanced illusions. Similarly, slightly depressed people are found not to be prone to overestimations of their control of events and to evaluate future situations in the prejudiced manner (Coyne and Gotlib, 1983).

The best way to deal with procrastination is to ensure that you only procrastinate when it is completely necessary. In some cases though, procrastination can be considered good especially when one avoids errands to do real work. Procrastination is not a good idea and therefore should not be encouraged.

Hypothesis 1 was supported by the text's coverage of Gender and emotional expression. However, the findings from the Emotional Expressivity Scale developed in the experiment supported this view. This is because of the responses from the 17-item questionnaire, in which the female and male students outwardly expressed their emotions.

The intervention program is expected to be effective based on the theoretical justification provided by Schwartz’s norm activation theory. According to this theory, pro-environmental or environmentally responsible behaviour is activated through personal norms via six activators- four situational activators and two personality trait activators.

A strong positive correlation was shown between the attitude towards complaining and the likelihood of complaining. This shows that the attitude which a person has in relation to complaining is more likely to influence his chances of complaining. At the same time, there was a moderate correlation between age and the likelihood of complaining.

Liked faces educed powerful activation in the fusiform gyrus as compared to neutral and disliked faces. These untimely influences of the emotion may represent rapid coarse categorizations in perceptual pathways, which run in parallel to structural encoding, eliciting a primary affective response as well as offering quick response to the visual cortex.

A focal point of conflict in the group was language use. This current group comprises two international students whose level of proficiency in the English language cannot match that of Australian students. Consequently, the members had relative trouble expressing themselves. One of the members was insensitive in the way he addressed one of the members for stammering.

The inclusionary delimitations associated with instrumentation define the measurement and instrumentation that has been designed for the proposed study (De Neys & Glumicic, 2008). On the other hand, exclusionary delimitations in instrumentations define those questions that are approved by an appropriate panel that would be included in the survey instrument.

In the study of patients with mental health, 90 percent of the clients suggested that they found counseling very helpful, while 69 percent claimed that they felt better about their problems, based on aspects of the client-centered therapy such as therapists who commit to listening without interrupting.

The study has positive feedback and received good response from participants from both control and licensed parts. It was conducted within a proper time frame ensuring proper and accurate collection of information from those who took part. It was also comprehensive and involved a lot of data thus ensuring all the dimensions of the study were taken care of.

The results from the responses on the questionnaires were then standardized using a number of psychological measures. These measures include the self-compassion scale, which was a 5 point rating scale. The subscales in this measure included self-kindness, common humanity, self-judgment, mindfulness, over-identification, and isolation.

Howarth (2011) suggests taking the clients through the reconciliation process in order to recover from the grief. Reconciliation is the process through which an individual who is grieving attempts to adopt a new reality of moving on in life without the physical presence of the person he is emotionally attached to.

Positive Impression Management (PIM) validity scale, the key measure of defensiveness, is particularly vital since evaluators need to reflect on the amount to which patients are struggling to present themselves in the most excellent way, and such clients have been established to manifest moderately elevated levels on the PIM validity scales.