Philosophy Essays

These beings are able to act rationally, and they live according to given maxims. The beings judge themselves from the perspectives given by the maxims. The rational agents are members of the kingdom of ends simply because of the fact that they have the ability to be rational.

Phoenician is mysterious because she signifies the tragedy of youth when they fail to find true love within their immediate environs. On that perspective, it is Pseudolus as Calidorus’ bosom buddy to demystify the lingering doubts of love that affect his age mates particularly if they are unsure of their self-esteem and confidence.

Typically, neuroimaging may not be entirely reliable and effective but it should be used in the courtroom as a source of evidence because the courts sometimes allow forms of evidence that are not entirely reliable like testimony. Therefore, neuroimaging evidence should be allowed in courtrooms as a technique of deception detection.

In emphasizing on how god was everlasting, Xenophanes also provided detailed information as to why he thinks god is an eternal being. According to him, God was there before, and he will continue to be in the future. This is evidenced by his argument that God is immobile. According to him, immobility meant that god has the highest form of existence.

The highest good according to Aristotle is happiness and human flourishing which he refers to as Eudaimonia and it is attained through virtuous life and development of reason.8 These virtues were developed through practical wisdom, no moral standards are used to determine the virtues but are agreed upon by gentlemen.  

The danger is that having killed God, there was nothing that man could come up with that could replace God. In reality, nothing in man’s capacity to create could replace God, and so the madman talks about a kind of dislocation and a kind of uprooting of the human psyche as a result of man-killing God. Having killed God, how was a man supposed to go on instead?

On the most basic level, thrownness is recognized largely as the way in which Da-sein gathers its past, while dropped identity, as well as discourse, is recognized mainly as present-focused. Another aspect of Heidegger's complicated study focuses on the way in which authentic and inauthentic temporalizing are acknowledged as prioritizing various aspects of temporality.

Developing one’s nature is positive- perfectionist since the proper account that can be found in nature is its plausible indicator of value. It is deeply attractive among humans to possess a goal of developing human nature and exercise the essential powers that human posses. This is vividly portrayed in the human’s widespread acceptance.

I am in agreement with what Anselm says, and his arguments on the existence of God. Part of my agreement with Anselm’s argument is his elaborate use of inductive logic. The manner in which he defines God is both plausible and worthy of credence since ideally, there is nothing that should be greater than the Supreme Being.

The crux of the matter is that material possession, per se, does not grant happiness; it is the pleasurable activities that finally count.  A new finding is astonishing in its view that each individual is born with happy or unhappy dispositions; psychologist Jan Fawcett describes it as a biological fixity as one of the restricting factors in humans.

The ultimate goal of Christians is to enter the Kingdom of God. One can enter the Kingdom of God only by understanding and pursuing the life dedicated to selfless Christian love to God. However, love on Earth also encompasses the act of caring for others, meaning love is only made possible when people have other people to interact within a community.

Fish ultimately argues that these are two parallel views that show no signs of ever agreeing with each other. It is also evident through his simulations and his dissecting of these two opinions, that the majority will continue favoring freedom and the consequentialists, favoring the prohibition of corporate interference. 

Decisions made by the elite class of people and leading organizations in any society governments affect the lives of many people though some studies have shown that most of these decisions are usually made to serve their own economic interests and values of which includes the means of production and property ownership.

Kant is considered as a deontologist, and Kant's Deontology explains that people are obliged to give reasons for their actions while Aristotle's Virtue Ethics or Care Ethics portrays the role of a character in moral philosophy rather than making it consequential regarding the connection between actions and their consequences.

Postcolonial theories entail featuring approaches of intellectual discourse that explain, respond and analyze the cultural implications of imperialism and colonialism; to the human aspects of controlling the country and implementing settlements for economic exploitation for the land and its native populace (Sadiki 2004).

Resolutely, utilitarianism is one of the consequentialists’ ethical theories used to judge actions according to their anticipated results, hence making it partially a teleological theory; moreover, utilitarians evaluate acts by means of the utilitarian principles that link the rightness and wrongness of acts to the balance of positive utility over negative utility.

The concept of "individual freedom" in the interpretation of Mill and Marx is different. So the first one believes that an individual's freedom is the freedom of each individual in everything including managing their lives. Marx, in turn, believes that this concept can be considered only within the state - a person is free only if they voluntarily work for the good of society, and in cooperation with it.

Aristotle’s Poetics is one of the best discussions in the history of philosophy and literary criticism; in it, Aristotle counters Plato’s critique of art and drama by presenting an account of the nature and function of literary art. Aristotle’s Poetics responds to Plato’s argument in The Republic that poetry represents mere appearances.

The Greek term “catharsis” has often been translated to mean “purgation”, “purification” or “clarification”; Aristotle uses this term in describing the function of tragedy when he says that tragedy arouses pity and fear thereby achieving the catharsis of these emotions. Aristotle understood tragedy to be an imitation of serious action.

A good life is one that achieves happiness. Our lives are full of activities that try to pursue happiness. Happiness forms the basis of what it means to live a good life. There are people who do find the world corrupt and evil. According to them, it means nothing to live a good life because at the end of the day the world is a cruel place.

Both theories - Hermeneutics and Critical Inquiry - have differences and similarities, which have been discussed in the study. Both methods are pivotal in the domain of inquiry and their objectivity is more or less similar. However, they differ in the domain of principles that are implemented while analyzing texts or situations.

The purpose of this paper is to critique John Stuart Mill’s theory of authority thoroughly discussed in his essay The Spirit of the Age. It is widely known in the field of political philosophy that the concept of authority is debatable. It is important to stress in the beginning that Mill was interested in authority in a very particular way.

Eastern Asia is an eastern subregion of Asia accommodating a population of approximately 1.5 billion people. Historically, societies found in eastern Asia have been part of the Chinese cultural sphere; this is implied by the sheer fact that many Eastern Asian scripts and vocabulary were often driven from Chinese.

The author wrote this book based on his real-life experiences as a prisoner during World War II. He was an Auschwitz concentrated camp inmate during one of the most traumatizing times in the history of the world; the Holocaust. Most of his family members including his wife passed away during this time in the concentration camps.

Stephen conceptualizes the ideals of understanding social norms that include picturesque of conflicts in human beings. To him, moral fabric forms an integral part of self-discipline that determines the moral conduct of an individual’s social life.  He offers the best comprehension of human beings, a social engagement that captures the human situation.

The constant aim of perfect virtue and happiness will bring out the good in every person. It is a constant training that the individual goes through aiming for their targets. However, Aristotle also highlighted that it isn’t only important to think about doing right, but it’s also important to actually do the right thing.

Indeed, while there are some aspects that come to mind rather easily, such as the ability to generate verbal interaction, they mostly describe the differences on a superficial level. In reality, the highly developed spiritual world is what really differs the humans from other inhabitants of this planet.

A worldview can also be seen as a framework of ideas and other beliefs that help to form a global description in which human beings and the culture at the large watch and embraces and interacts with it. Prussian was a philologist who was the founder of the idea that the worldview and the language are inextricable.

American politics have undergone various revolutions with each phase of change implementing democratic elements. It has had a lot of critics, especially from activists and scholars. It is in this breadth that some writers in the 18th century took into action their views of the then American politics.  

The value of the death penalty can be seen in the fact that it points to the existence in society both severe and just forms of punishment for murder. The existence of this practice suggests that society seeks to create equal and fair opportunities for all people, where the right to life is regarded as an inalienable human right.

Other philosophers like the pre-Socratics have talked about philosophies that can easily relate to them. So what does it imply to have a mind? If one argues that the mind is being conscious, one must also admit that most animals do have minds. Is having a mind being conscious of an individual's consciousness? One can pose an individual with a mind when he or she is sound asleep and unconscious?

According to Plunkett from The Richest, the USA is ranked 10th globally among the nations with the highest divorce rates at 53%, with Belgium being at the top of the list with 71%. Over the years, marriage has shifted from being a union between a man and a woman to include same-sex marriages that have also had their fair share of success and failures.

The allegory acts as a symbolic representation in full contrast with how human beings perceive and believe in what reality is. Exactly what is reality? What one may be seeing may other people not see it? The answer to these questions is ne: Ignorance. Ignorance is what is holding humans back from seeing the bigger picture of reality.

The approach requires a situation that calls for the suffering or joy of one person to result in the suffering or joy of all the other people within the best state. Like the same way when a person’s finger is in pain, and the whole body reacts to the pain of a single finger, all society members need to work in the same manner with one another.

Generally, observing the psychological mechanisms and consequences underlying theories presented by both philosophers, Marx and Plato, adds a lot to our understanding of many fundamental social and political notions like alienation, depression, suffering, freedom, justice, equality, and political authority.

Like other philosophers, Plato's thoughts and ideas were greatly influenced by some people with whom he interacted and by the life events. The first major event that influenced Plato's thoughts was his meeting with Socrates, the Greek Philosopher. Jayapalan noted that Plato was so impressed with the way Socrates debated issues to the extent that he decided to become a close associate of Socrates.

Baertschi (2008) argues that glass is brittle, and it tends to break off when it falls on the ground. Precisely, the glass often breaks because of its possession of the molecular structure. So, the molecular structure of identity is what makes it what it is in the present form. Likewise, a full human is not any different from what a fetus is because of that where life begins. 

Individuals find themselves in a moral dilemma. Moral dilemmas are challenging and tactical events in life. In the incident, an individual faces a challenge in the choice of actions that places him or her in a moral dilemma regarding the best choice. Each action presents a test of morality and each is justified based on a moral reason.

On the other hand, an artificial virtue is a disposition for which none of the above assertions hold true (Hume, 1978). Thus, it is clear that natural virtues are those that naturally elicit a spectator’s approval while artificial virtues do not evoke such approval. When looked at from another perspective, it seems that the spectator’s approval for artificial virtues is similar to that of natural virtues.

Faith and reason are the main sources of justification of religious beliefs since they can both perform this particular epistemic role. They are sources of authority forming foundations of beliefs. Many philosophers and theologians have conflicting reasoning about these two aspects and are worried about how rational beings should treat claims arising from them.

David Hume rejects the idea of self - which is existing in the long run. There are only sensations or perceptions that change every moment they are being perceived. The basic claims by him would be provided below. 1. All thoughts are eventually gotten from impressions. 2. Along these lines, the thought of a continuing "self" is, at last, got from impressions.

However, according to scholars, the threat is really serious as income inequality prevents the American dream from being realized.  The issue is worth-discussing thus, the given paper will provide the opinions of different scholars and prove that in order to save the American dream it is essential to struggle with income inequality. 

Just men do not always try to run away from the law. If one wants to run away from the law, they need not make an agreement with the authority by abiding by it for such a long time and only thinks of running away at the last minute when they are now facing great trouble. One is a choice to disagree with the way a state is governed.

There is the challenge of choosing between two careers based on the benefits that the two employers provide. I am committed to choosing the best option before the new job window period of two weeks expires. An optional solution is necessary since it determines my future prosperity, financial position, and higher education level potentiality.

In as much as some of these policies have been associated with positive outcomes, certain aspects of these policies have been rejected by the general public because they do not meet the real needs of the public members. The general public's participation in the formulation of resource allocation policies will be undertaken through referendums, where the public votes for or against a certain public resource allocation policy.

What is the value of morality? This is the central question that Nietzsche deals with. To a layman, morality is having good behavior or acting in a way that does not cause harm to others. For example, being compassionate or honest is taken naturally as being good, and acting contrary to this is bad. Moral values are given virtues which men should possess.

Owing to this fact, the proponents of pro-life and the proponents of pro-choice have sharply differed on whether or not abortion is morally justifiable: the advocates of pro-life contend that intentional abortion is not morally justifiable, while the proponents of pro-choice argue that women have an inalienable right to decide whether to abort not, i.e., women have a right of choice in matters of abortion.

the professor points out that it is extremely difficult to put a price tag on the life of a person, but still, the contemporary companies have entire departments the main function of which is to do this. In addition to that, the issue of quality of pleasure, namely division into higher and lower one is discussed, suggesting examples that not all entertainment is equal.

However, Plato's Great Myth of the Cycles shows that. In contrast, the Divine Shepherd in the Myth is higher than the king; the mortal statesman seems to be on a level of other subjects in his character, breeding, and education. Being that there are innumerable rivals, therefore, how could we distinguish who the true statesman should be? 

A person is someone who has the ability to decide on what actions to take, as well as being able to reflect on the effects of deciding to or not deciding to take on such actions, or simply just the ability to have a will that is able to retrospectively create insights on possible outcomes of acting either thoughtfully or thoughtlessly.