Philosophy Essays

The author wants to convince the reader that the reason why body parts are being sold illegally is that the government does not coordinate with the various offices and organizations involved in the handling and management of these body parts. Moreover, the author wants to emphasize that it is this lack of coordination and communication between the government and these various agencies that has eventually allowed the illegal trade in human bodies to proliferate.

Plato’s Euthyphro is set as a dialogue between Socrates and Euthyphro, the play's namesake. So begins a dialogue between Socrates and Euthyphro discussing mainly the topic of holiness. Euthyphro is a dogmatic man who insists on following the set rules. He has come to court because he is pressing charges against his father on accounts of murder.

Thus, according to Utilitarian view, the correct course of action is one that maximizes the net benefit to the society. This is done when the costs are minimized and the benefits are maximized. The term Utilitarianism is derived from the word “Utility” which refers to the net benefits of any action on the society (Mill 4).

It should be noted that the book also focuses on religion and links this to the “Pure Existence” of man.  On a comparative approach, a major theme that can be retrieved from these books is the aspect of Buddhism as a religion as well as the incorporation of what Kitaro Nishida term as “Pure Existence”.This paper will seek to make a comparative study approach to compare and contrast in detail the following physiological texts.  

According to Locke, one of the primary definitions of what defines the property and what does not is with regards to what he terms as “natural rights” (Locke 89). Within this natural right, Locke advances in theory that once labor is mixed with the nature of a given entity/property, a derivation of right exists (Locke 90).

According to the paper, the perspective of eminent scholars states that “happiness can’t be felt unless we know what sadness is.” However, the modern-day philosophies state that people today, tend to relate happiness with material possession. It is true that wealth brings happiness, but for a moment.

Aristotle was born in 384 BCE on the “coast of Thrace” in Macedonia. His father was a doctor in the king’s court, so Aristotle had a privileged life from the beginning. He was educated in court and at the age of 17, he went to Athens to continue his education. There he learned from Plato, Socrates’ famous student.

Technology has made this more efficient and facilitated some of the discoveries that have been made. In particular, one of the fields, which have been called into question due to a combination of religion, ethics, and politics, is in the field of biological engineering and manipulation.

In assessing the rage of the people when it comes to the legal basis, it is valid since they are after the right to be safeguarded and protected by the government. However, even the government cannot really intervene since its powers have been limited by the establishment of globalization wherein it is one of the conditions that must be fulfilled to maximize the benefits derived from it.

According to Zarathustra’s teachings, the contemporary society is one that is in chaos, and the political systems best serve as an example of this chaos. Zarathustra blames all this chaos on the death of God. Because of this “death of God”, Zarathustra views the nationalistic state as ‘the new idol.’ He teaches that the nationalistic state is the “new idol” and “the coldest of all monsters” because it was informed by the death of God (Nietzsche 30).

The ethical framework used by the company is derived from its mission statement, which is endurance in the face of business (Coca Cola, 2011). A breakdown of the company’s mission indicates that it is focused on three factors, refreshing the world, inspiring optimism and success, and creating value in the world (Coca Cola, 2011).

The most celebrated of these philosophers include Socrates, Plato and Aristotle who were related to each other as teacher and student. However, the majority of ideas presented by each philosopher tend to disagree with each other and instead present alternative points of views of looking at philosophical issues.

Feelings and emotions are reflex actions - they just come. The ability to form judgments is a rational process as seen in mathematics and science. Human reason allows one to exercise his/her democratic rights, following the laid down laws while avoiding a violation. It is through reason that human beings avoid breaking laws.

Due to his constant criticism of the political and pious life of the Athenians, Socrates was put to trial and then executed in 399 B.C. One of the reasons put forward for the execution of Socrates was that he had corrupted the youth into being high headed and disobedient.

As argued by Hegel, “Self-consciousness exists in itself and for itself, in that, and by the fact that it exists for another self-consciousness; that is to say, it is only by being acknowledged or ‘recognized’” (Hegel 60). Hegel, in his Philosophy of Right, explains freedom through its particular social perspectives of civil society and family life.

Social services and various social programs, which are carried out through different agencies, institutions, and markets, both public and non-government, are becoming harder to describe among societies across the country with any exactness. As communities become more complicated, concentrated, and interlocked with complexities, the scheme of setting up a social welfare has likewise becoming more complicated and systematized (Titmuss 28).

Plato also illustrates that he has a very profound appreciation for the process of outlining. Rather than merely throwing something together in a rush and missing out on the nuances of rhetoric and interpretation that might exist, Plato discusses the fact that outlining a proper rhetorical response is a core component of seeking to create a superior product.

He presents the idea that if all of one's material needs were satisfied, if poverty and disease had been met, there are still some things for which one looks. These things are 'goods of the mind' and they are reached by the 'self' that is not limited to the prison of materiality

One of the most important philosophical views presented by Descartes is the Method of Doubt, which part of his views. Descartes’ Method of Doubt began with his view that knowledge is private and that everything is constantly in doubt. With this, he expressed that there is a continuous quest for disproving doubts about knowledge.

In addition, Africa seems to be in a constant state of turmoil going from one bad government to another. Then, there are tensions in Afghanistan and in Asia, with China being more assertive. In the background is the constant threat of terrorism. The adage that ‘everything changes to remain the same’ could certainly be true in the current state of international affair, as the same themes have been present for millennium-power, instability and the ‘appropriate’ action.

According to the theory under-discussion, unequal and unjust distribution of wealth, resources and opportunities creates anarchy and chaos in a social set up, and the deprived stratum appears to be striving against its exploitation at the hands of the elite stratum.

Abortion: How the act of abortion is defined and the morality that is associated with the decision to abort a foetus. The definition of abortion is defined by social, political, and cultural parameters from which the act takes on issues of morality. Whether or not the act of abortion is morally permissible is a complicated question that can only be defined by individual belief systems on what is moral.

Thomas Hobbes and Thrasymachus share a nearly common insight whereby Hobbes proposes via “Leviathan” that man, by nature, is free the logic of which is based upon natural rights whereas Thrasymachus confers to defend the opposite side of justice and takes man’s freedom to agree with matters that are only advantageous to men regardless of whether or not justice is at work.

Rationalists like Socrates and Immanuel Kant, argue that intellect should prevail in differentiating right and wrong. However, Sentimentalists like David Hume, argue that emotions should prevail in making moral decisions. Greene on the other hand combines reason and emotion in making a moral decision (Saalfield, Web). However, it is factual that reasoning does not amount to an absolute decision on whether an act is right or wrong.

Condition policies were formed by the heritage of ancient poems and its brave ethos and by the spiritual cults which involved, together with pan-Hellenic and genetic rituals, essential methods unique to each city-state. This was a polytheistic, rather than monotheistic, establishing in which belief was at least operate of social identification.   

However, there exists no real evidence to prove their origin. This is because their traditions vary from one group to another and have an unsatisfying conjecture. This community has unity, and they have physical features that run throughout the entire race.

That is combining all that is known to attain what individual’s value. Therefore, philosophy comprises activities involved in human growth, hence making it an integral and essential component of the education process. Philosophy is decisive and broad thought and this makes it to be the most essential and complete manner of thinking by humans.

Interests are compounded out of desires and aims, both of which presuppose something like belief, or cognitive awareness” (as cited in Varner, 1998, 55). Therefore, the definition implies that domestic species, which are unthinking living things, have no innate biological interest.

This appears as quite a subjective opinion due to the lack of consideration of the problems and headaches children bring to their parents’ lives. Hence, a debate arises as to the role of children in being the bundle of joys they are known to be to their parents.

Since the periods in history when Greek philosophers like Plato and Socrates made bold moves to question the understanding of their world, man has made significant strides in understanding the world he lives in. A man has literally attempted to make his world more comfortable through philosophy and science.

Mill responded to the claim that ethical hedonism is degrading to human beings by setting forth that everybody should live by the end that pleasure is the only thing that is ultimately good. However, people should not seek pleasures on their own or for themselves.

In the process, men have further cultivated themselves by intelligence and sought-after discoveries that naturally make them proud of their intellectual capacities. Their evolving intellects have become inevitably accustomed to the pride of science in this matter, and thus, to the pride of proofs on justifying the existence of things.

The importance of understanding the different aspects of this problem for the concept of freedom is paramount. The disruption of peace in the Kashmir leads to many a consequence, one of them being the lack of freedom that people of Kashmir face as a result of the movement of the troops through the valley.

Limiting the Use of Technology is Actually Better It would seem to be a strange preposition if I would say that we should limit our consumption and dependency towards technology. This may sound preposterous as this would seem to look as if I am advocating backwardness and denial of technology or even a manifestation of technophobia.

When this happens, the fittest organisms will transmit additional elements of their genes to subsequent generations of species than other organisms which are not fit. It has been evident that over a period of time, an organism builds up features that enhance its capability to exist and give rise to young ones in its surrounding.

However, it has become apparent that instead of data collection companies to go to the field and collect information which they need, they are collecting information of people from their profiles on social networks (Solove 2011). This issue has led to heated debate on whether it is legal or illegal to collect and sell data obtained from profiles created on social media.

Some argue that the international law is obligatory for countries to adhere to and there must be a consistent approach applied by the countries. The philosophy which constitutes international law has no defined boundaries or ways to implement it. It is quoted to refer to many different laws, rules and customs which are brought to bear in dealing with legal relations and contacts with different counties and organization to protect their legitimate rights and responsibilities in their interactions.

Peter Unger presents us with two solutions regarding how humans are able to govern their moral responses in light of these situations (Nadelhoffer et al 33). Unger presents his first possible model as the preservationist model. This moral judgment and problem solution is directly based on one’s initial responses and instincts.

The author states that one of the dominant ways in which the human condition could be altered is through the enhancement of fundamental human capacities. If one of the partners carries a version of a gene that could prejudice the offspring to inherit conditions that they want to avert, then gene manipulation may appear a viable way.

The answer is simple and straightforward. As long as it is necessary! This five letter phrase ‘the ethic of equal opportunity’ makes a simple reading, but it has engulfed the nation in an avalanche of arguments and counter-arguments and has divided it into two contending camps that will not see eye to eye with each other.

In the utilitarian approach, an action “with the greatest good for the greatest number” is ethical (Velasquez, Andre, Shanks, & Meyer, 1996). From this stance, the pros can be associated to the possibility that the patient is categorised as one with an incremental feedback out of such an act, but the cons can be associated to inverse notion of the aforementioned stance, and the possibility that the patient can be one of those who do not appreciate the act can receive negative feeling (Clark, 2012).

Soren Kierkegaard has been regarded as one of the most influential and philosophical writers; so much so that he is known by a number of names including the Danish Socrates, Master of Irony, and even Father of Existentialism. All these names have over the years attached themselves to him because of the credibility.

The three theorists and theories included are: Plato’s Divided Line Theory, Descartes Method of Doubt, and Freud’s Psychoanalysis. The similarities and differences are demonstrated, as well as the reasoning that was used in creating each theory. Plato, Descartes, and Freud’s Take on the Posture of Reason Philosophy was birthed out of the innate longing of human nature to understand the interworking of human thought, action, and purpose.

The differences of belief between two persons would either lead for one to be true while the other is at the wrong, or at times both being correct since they view the same thing differently. The two theories of truth that can be considered here would be Empiricism and Pragmatism.

What is the Divine Command Theory and How Might Socrates' Dilemma Be Supposes to Undermine it? - Essay The Divine Command Theory (DCT) comprises the claim that ethics are ultimately based on the orders or nature of God, and that the morally right act is the one that God commands.

The story revolves around a legendary jewel encrusted statuette of a falcon that is constantly changing hands as a private detective follows it around. A number of parties are involved in the chase for the falcon for different reasons. Throughout the movie, it is interesting to notice that these pursuers use any possible means to lay their hands on the statuette including violence, deceit, betrayal and seduction.

The fundamental message of the book is Descartes’ unique brand of critical thinking. He does not accept any claim if its truth is not obvious to him. Moreover, he does not start any new part of the book without declaring the existence of God and proving it with his arguments, which always comes as a surprise to readers.

Socrates is most revered by people although he does not have the beauty of other thinkers. He uses this to his advantage as he comes up with humor to poke fun at his external appearance while enticing people to think deeply about his ideas.  Socrates uses himself as an example when he teaches that beauty does not guarantee happiness.  

American Indian philosophy is an association whose members are professional philosophers and students studying philosophy. Their main aim is to promote and further the study of all issues of philosophy that affect the indigenous people and the community.

The power to choose what is most satisfactory over other forms, without preconditions from other provisions or restrictions entails a free choice of will. This power to choose the most suitable decision is dependent on the level of liberty granted to an individual (Cahn 375). Most certainly, free will is practical, and the independence of choice by people to embrace virtue is a factor reliant on the exercise of free choice of the will.