Philosophy Essays

One of the primary markers of the Jewish faith is that they were prepared “from the day of . . . birth” to die for God and his decrees. Wherever they were geographically located, they considered themselves one people in culture and religion.

This was during the Autumn and Spring as well as a period of warring states characterized by an era of intellectual and cultural expansion in Ancient China. Though the period also experienced a number of bloody battles and chaos, it is still appreciated as Chinese philosophy golden age due to its remarkable range of ideas and thoughts that were discussed and developed freely1.

Justice and mercy are two virtuous qualities every leader should embrace, but when considered they raise the question: Are Justice and Mercy compatible or a contradiction? If one is objectively institutes justice it seems that one cannot show mercy, yet if one shows mercy, justice is not upheld in its purest form.

In the modern global context it is very important to be aware of philosophical ideas of the leading philosophers. Many ideas of famous philosophers are the basic for many modern scholars’ theories. Different analyses are made through the prism of these ideas.

610, the angel Gabriel appeared to Prophet Muhammad and revealed to him the Quran, the Islamic holy book. That revelation, Laylat Al-Qadar—or the “Night of Power”—is believed to have occurred during Ramadan. Muslims fast during that month as a way to commemorate the revelation of the Quran.

He also decided that he had an implied contract with Athens. Finally, he also argued that staying in prison was better since he could not find any happiness easily in any other part of Greece. Therefore, he decided to take up his punishment and not attempt to escape.

Government warning concerning the danger of cigarettes to human health is remarkable. Cigarettes have also addictive components that those who tried smoking for quite a long time find hard to put to a halt (Doweiko, 2010, p.217). Concerning this, even if the government raises taxes for cigarettes, the consumption or demand for them is still higher.

Plato did not defend democracy as the better form of establishing a government and preferred a number of incarnations such as the monarchical governments. This anti-democratic perception or view as held by some canonical writers seems to be at odds, compared to view by current political philosophers (Michels 518).  

The neuro-chemical and hormonal issues that are a part of puberty can be the source of the behavioral problems and family issues that many teens experience as a normal part of social maturation.

Assumptions are generalized statements that are accepted by people and are understood as conforming to the needs and wishes of society members. Theoretical assumptions would include assuming facts that have been stated by philosophers and sociologists in books whereas methodological assumptions would include experiments that have been carried out and understood by people on a first hand basis with respect to the way people conform to each other and form groups within a society.

Why do we do the things we do? Do we do these things for a reason or do we do this because of a principle on which we believe our actions and decisions must be based? The 20th-century French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre believed that these a priori principles did not exist and that, in whatever situation man is in, he is left alone to make a choice and that this is his freedom.

Theory of Ethical Egoism. The theory of ethical egoism implicates that the moral agents always tend to act in their own self-interests. This reaction is quite voluntary and well thought of when it comes to facing a situation that needs to make prompt decisions.

Twenty two million American citizens who would love to work permanently cannot get employment. Nearly half of those who are jobless have been without a job on long term basis. Earnings are declining the real earnings of a usual American citizen is now lower than the level it was back in 1997.

Principles that are sacrosanct to the dispensation of justice, law, and order, then they are punishment and justification. While punishment is the deliberate and strategic meting out of suffering on an individual who has been found guilty of a criminal offense, justification refers to the declaration of an individual’s actions as reasonable or necessary in the court of law and thereby extricating the individual of any legal liability.

A thing that exists in both our mind and reality is way greater than that which exists in our mind alone. If God as a being exists in our mind, then can we imagine a being that is greater than God? we cannot, therefore God exists. In this argument God is a perfect being.

On the definitions of terrorism, offer an example of a terrorist act- real or hypothetical- that has the best chance at moral justifiability. Make your case with reference to Khatchadhourian’s arguments and the Walzer’s post 9/11 discussion. Terrorism is defined as those activities which incorporate mass destruction and innocent killing on the national level.

World View Essay. Human being is the crown of creation Humans is a term used to refer to those individuals who either belong to or are similar to the human race recognized as homo sapiens and these individuals are the products of other individuals and they have qualities that are unmatched if compared to other living things.

Philosophy is all about what truth is and how we gain knowledge of anything. Exercise of free will is important in attaining knowledge beyond what is given in perception. Deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, and concept formation have to be adhered to to attain knowledge. All knowledge is based on perception.

Sigmund Freud is well-remembered by history not for coming up with the right answers—his theories have not stood the test of time well—but for asking the right questions. His conception of mental illness as something that could be understood, engaged with, and treated transformed our conception of the mentally ill or mentally disabled, and led to gradual improvements in the treatment of sufferers, both of emotional disturbance and cognitive disability.

In the case that is going to be presented, which is disturbing as they come, an elderly woman by the name of Ruth Symond is left to her own devices and is neglected both inside and outside of her own home.  Having to go to court to file for four different torts, some definitions will be made here in an effort to clearly speak to the injustices she suffered at the hands of incompetent people.

According to Socrates, a commitment to moral reasoning is an essential condition of a well-lived life. An individual should base his actions upon the outcomes of such internal dialogues.

Hempel, however, finds this use of the induction ridiculous and untenable in a scientific situation. One of the major problems is that using induction to form the basis of a scientific experiment inherently involves the assumptions that it is supposed to remove, and is thus completely self-defeating. 

While some people expect that the process of learning can only take place in the classroom setting, it is important to realize that the learning process can take place in any given place and time. Learning does not have to take place in a formal setting.

He was usually too busy to have leisure time until he met Socrates, who introduced him to leisure. Leisure does not mean idleness, and an individual can work and still have leisure time. Having little leisure is going against the rule of leisure. Leisure is an act of worship to God.

According to Fromm Erich, freedom has both a negative and positive outlook. These sides can be established by looking at the circumstance in which the term is used. For instance, when people speak of freedom from something, this is said to be negative freedom.

We can pity the blind man who should instead be envied because he has a more accurate view of life. The narrator passed judgment on the blind man before meeting him, and his “high” seemed to come from substance abuse rather than from his wife. His view of life stems from a biased and ignorant point of view.

Despite the good intentions of such government programs in alleviating poverty, many scholars have expressed their reservations on the issue, citing people who toil only for the fruits of their labor to be channeled to unproductive citizens and other sectors of the economy (Guzman, Pirog, & Seefeldt, 2013).

The fact remains that better Rand has oftentimes been misunderstood and her works have been interpreted to denote any form of selflessness or altruism as a weakness at best and a tragic flaw that reduces the effectiveness and worth of an individual at worst. Yet, the fact of the matter is that Rand it did not specifically see selflessness as wrong in and of itself.

Freud believed that personality is unconscious, hidden and unknown and that it is shaped by sexual drives thus the much focus on sex as a determinant of personality. His work is rooted in the nineteenth-century culture, science and philosophy more so because he was raised in Europe at a time when sexual repression was rampant and hysteria in women was common place.

Abortion Generally, human pregnancy has been divided into three trimesters, each lasting three months. Issues such as miscarriage, preterm birth and genetic abnormality and trauma could cause the termination of pregnancy. The debate on abortion, however, has been on the induced abortion, carried out at any gestational stage for a given purpose.

Religious philosophy dates back during the early church era and promoted during the 1920’s. It involves historical reality and nature in which relationship between faith and reason is tackled. Looking closely, it deals with the nature of human logic and its limitations when it comes to faith and religion and more importantly in the historical context of religious practice and development (Howell).

For a long time, mental handicaps were seen as completely insurmountable, just something that nobody could engage with or do anything about. In the 20th century, though, that began to change.

Technique evolves through the experience of working with a medium. One learns through the educational venue, through working with materials, and through exploring with the raw substances that will go into creating the piece of work. One of the surprises in working with the materials that I have chosen for my body of work is that it takes so much longer to assemble a work than I had ever imagined.

Machiavelli has been called "the spiritual father of modem democratic revolution" (Arendt 21). In the eighteenth century, his writings were used to inspire a belief in the inevitability of radical change among revolutionaries (Baker 204-207). Following this revolutionary trend, Leon Trotsky said that Machiavelli was the political philosopher who generalized "the experience of democratic revolutions" (Trotsky 850).

GM crops are mostly used in large quantities to consign sufficient amount of crop plants for the rapidly increasing human consumptions. Through the use of a complex scientific method, these plants are developed in the medical laboratories to increase the production capacity or the nutritional contents of such crops through the inclusion or the exclusion of genes (Whitman, 2000).

This law is what people claim as justice for them and hence the interest of stronger i.e. government is the justice that people claim for themselves. Socrates however at first didn’t agree with the term ‘of the stronger’ since it appeared to create ambiguity. In Socrates' discussion with Thrasymachus that followed, he first cleared that people needed to abide by rulers.

 Adults have the habit of telling these younger, less experienced people that what they feel cannot possibly be love. However, even though adults claim that it does not love that they may feel, teenagers and children are still capable of having their own feelings of romantic love. They have their own version of what love should be.

Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill mention dignity as an important part of their systems. Mill describes a system of utilitarianism. Mill advocates for utilitarianism. Utilitarianism promotes happiness for the entire society and requires that all people act to promote this ‘happy state’.

Hardin says that metaphors help to describe issues and problems with more ambiguity and thereby provide people with opportunities to resolve the problem by creating new ones and the cycle goes on. In short, problems and solutions are unending cycles and each issue needs to be solved with lifeboat ethics.

Apart from universally recognized pros and cons for legally permitting abortion, there are also localized cultural sensibilities to contend with. For example, regions of the country with a large religious demographic tend to oppose abortion even when it is practically unreasonable.

Knowledge can be acquired through rationalism or empiricism. Rationalism uses innate ideas and deductive reasoning to generate knowledge. On the other hand, empiricism uses experiences and observations to generate knowledge. Both scientific theories and religious beliefs are still popular in the 21st century. 

Euthanasia can be the choice of the individual and may be unassisted or assisted, by physicians, family, or friends. However, it should be clear that all variations of euthanasia have been deemed illegal in most locations. Suicide has always been a controversial issue. The moral beliefs of certain popular ideologies deem suicide a great sin.

Bertrand Russell argues that knowledge is a form of union of self and inner self and he disagrees with the notion of what is unknown, created by human mind is not part of us, and does not require neglect. In this regard, Russell argues that the definition of philosophy loses its meaning since it is not inclusive of not self.

Abortion Abortion is the process of termination of the pregnancy taking place inside a woman’s body in order to remove the foetus or the embryo from the uterus and stop it from growing into a baby. Abortion may take place by itself in the form of a miscarriage or induced on purpose to stop a woman from having a child.Today, there are many safe procedures developed for the purpose of conducting abortion unlike the olden days where unsafe medicines and tools were used to remove the foetus, which also tended to result in a large number of maternal deaths.

There have been three conflicting views of the essence of numbers over the course of history. The oldest and probably still the most commonly held view is the Platonic one, which states that numbers are real, but non-physical things that exist outside of space and time, in the “Platonic Realm” (Papineau 36).

Justice is offers to makes people who had been unjustly treated to feel contented and at peace both in mind and soul. In entrepreneurship, activities or events require justice if certain individuals within the business world carry out unjust activities. Unjust activities in business may mean neglect of business ethics while conducting business and fraudulent business undertakings just to mention a few.

5 Do they support or contradict each other? 6 How do these two authors regard technology and why? 7 Is either one right? 8 References: 9 Put a pacifist to work in a bomb factory and in two weeks he will be designing a new type of a bomb. A pacifist is a person with a strong aversion towards war.

In the philosopher’s sense, induction concerns the process of reasoning on which people base their inferences about observations they make. The problem of induction relates to the philosophical inquiry into the possibility of inductive reasoning leading to an understanding of classical philosophical logic. Induction is basically a process of reasoning in which an individual makes inferences from a more specific to the general.

Jeremy Bentham and Immanuel Kant on Suicide According to the World Health Organization, the highest is 71 people for every 100,000 who kill themselves annually in Lituania, 57 in Belarus, 51 in Kazakhstan, 48 in Latvia, and so on (“Suicide rates per 100,000 by country, year and sex”).

The main characters of Sula and Nel are featured in their bounding and search for the sense of life. However, it is vital to scope out the episodes when the symbol of water takes place in order to justify the author’s position in her discourse on the most striking themes of the American society.