Philosophy Essays

That is, Berkeley argues that such material objects have no existence in the physical world beyond being perceived. He expresses this philosophical view clearly when he cites the examples of the sun, moon, stars, and other objects, referring to them as "only so many sensations in [people's] minds, which have no other existence but barely being perceived".

His father Heinrich Marx was a lawyer by profession and the descendant of a long line of Rabbis. His mother, Henriette Presburg Marx, had a very similar genealogy as well. Heinrich Marx had to convert to Lutheranism just before Karl was born because Jews were not allowed to practice law at the time.

However, the motivation behind determinism is to apply that model to even mental phenomena, beyond the physical interactions in the visible universe. Human thoughts and actions as determined by outside events points to a nonexistent free will for human beings.

President Obama’s years of public services have seen immense achievements. He mentioned numerous pointers or tasks to be completed, in his Inaugural Speech on 20th January 2009. These included reviving the economy by creating jobs for people, developing renewable energy resources, increasing the educational standards, economic and infrastructure development, scientific research.

In his theory, Bacon apprehended and anticipated the psychology that was supposed to get implemented in the years to come. These idols or their explanations were never treated as symbols or dealt with any perceptions that are supposed to get operated in the paradigm of dual meaning.

This paper examines the primary arguments of these two philosophers in relation to what they think about substances and the content of substances and matter. It compares the two schools of philosophical thought of Descartes and Spinoza and how it relates to the content of items and objects.

The powerful governments, according to Thrasymachus, strive to implement their policies by dint of the force they enjoy in comparison with the weaker states; consequently, the policy is expected to be observed and followed by all the weak nations.

There are quite a number of theories that explain what proper elements a principled leader should possess. As much as these theories are true, it also agreeable that great leaders are born and self made. This explains why even leaders who have gone through governance institutions of higher learning do not necessarily make the greatest or most successful leaders.

It also includes the thoughts and opinions about life and death, life after death, significance of faith, and the powers of the Creator etc. In simple words, worldview concentrates upon exploring the ontology, explanation, prediction, axiology, praxeology and epistemology about the origin and history of the universe and all the objects existing in it as well as related to it (Vidal, 2008:4).

As he described in The Republic, the ideal city, or polis, was one based on justice and human virtue. It was a form of social and political organization that allowed individuals to maximize their potentialities, serve their fellow citizens, and live in accordance with universal laws and truths.

According to the Hudson Valley Parent Magazine (2012), children steal either to address a need like lack of attention, affection, or love from parents or because they have gained approval for stealing directly or indirectly or the children want to attack the parents by causing them embarrassment with their behavior.

Name Course Tutor Date of submission QUESTION 1: Defend or criticize the view that propositions are pictures of states of affairs. Explain Wittgenstein’s picture theory of meaning and how the theory applies to what Wittgenstein calls propositions or propositional signs.

He founded the philosophical and theological school known as Thomistic whose pillar was the study of natural theology during this period when scholasticism was at the peak in Europe. He studied the philosophy of the Greek at The Reason Temple with the assistance of Albertus Magnus in Paris.

Firstly, the experience of Author Donald relevant to emotional design has been given in reference to his co-workers. The dichotomy of objective and subjective approaches of Donald say that design or experience design needs a mental attitude, which is commonly known as subjective. Secondly, the concept of philosophy shows the reflection of the experience.

Different scholars have argued about the role of corporations in complying with host country laws and promoting their human rights. While others feel the corporations have failed, others feel that corporations are doing all they can to fulfill their social responsibility. To prove themselves right and cover up their flaws in living up to their social responsibility, a few multinational companies have taken different steps.

This is a completely new psychoanalytical phenomenon, where the individual adapts several different aspects that define his or her personality, at one point in time. The chat room users often experiment with their own identity. There are several risks and complications attached to this identity experimentation.

Charles Darwin argues that only those with the ability to transform and change with society will be the individuals to survive. In this case, as culture has transformed, only those who were able to adjust will be the ones to survive and continue to live. As behavior changes to be skewed to culture’s values, humans’ beliefs on morals, laws, and ethics transform to fit these values.

She chose to pursue nursing as a profession due to her desire to help those in need. In fact, I have been longing of becoming a nurse since her childhood, something that finally prompted her to pursue nursing as a career. Nursing is an honorable career that ought not to be treated as a job meant to make someone rich, but rather as a calling to serve humanity.

Unfortunately, many of these ideas are not remotely in agreement and some downright contradict one another. Each one claiming to have the answer as to the nature of mankind, why human beings behave as they do, and how best for them to live within and perceive society.

The extent of dependence of people on cyberspace has led them to replace the most valuable things in their lives with the virtual world. The level of realistic simulation presented by cyberspace is commendable but also extremely harmful to society. It is pivotal for the millennial generation to stay connected to their ancient forms of art.

Name Date Professor’s Name Course Section/# Plato and a More Definitive Understanding of Art and Philosophy Within the Plato’s Republic, many definitions are put forward with regards to what can be defined as virtuous, good, and beneficial forms of art and/or artistic expression.

Early philosophies help to show the similarities and differences between the ancient and current moral and political thoughts. They also show how different concepts have been shifting with time and help people to find new ideas by applying the old ones. There two great philosophers who have contributed a lot of philosophical or political ideologies in history which are applicable in the current world namely; John Stuart Mill's and his philosophy of Utilitarianism and Immanuel Kant who greatly discussed Metaphysics of Morals.

Theories relating to just war have always tried distinguish between the right and wrong in these power games. The terminological conclusions of this distinction are the terms ‘just war’ and ‘terrorism’. “Terrorism is the random killing of innocent people, in the hope of creating pervasive fear” (Walzer, 2006).

In addition, the practice of any war in its military and political dimension would not be possible without the accompanying language or discourse. Discourse and practice are interdependent or co-constitutive. Moreover, political discourses possess a clear ideological character; they are the construction and deployment of “meaning in the service of power”(1).

Mimicry and its relation to art present a strong point of contrast between Dewey and Plato. Dewey tends to present that mimicry is neither an inherent quality of art nor a method for creating a work equal to the original. Art invites a unique experience that can not be recreated — the artist reveals an alternative to reality. 

Socrates surmised what the Delphic oracle meant by him being wiser than the other ‘wise men.’ “I am wiser than that other fellow because neither of us knows anything of great value, but he thinks he knows a thing when he doesn’t; whereas I neither know it in fact nor think that I do,” thereby making him wiser in that single respect (21d).

The irreducibly complex argument is found to be tenuous because it is unsupported and uncorroborated by other established theories and the specified complexity argument resting on inferences to the best explanation rather than a verifiable proof pointing to the impossibility that other competing explanations are impossible.

Immortality can thus be said to be the continued survival of the human soul after death. Throughout time, different views and beliefs have emerged about the concept of death, immortality and the afterlife. The belief of life after death or an afterlife is universal.

Charlie Sheen is a distinguished philosopher in modern times. He has fashioned a niche for himself in the Film and Television trade. Charlie Sheen was born in 1965 in New York, his original name being Carlos Irwin Estevez. His father Martin Sheen was an actor, while his mother Janet Templeton was an Artist.

Unquenchable inquisitiveness and vast observation of natural phenomena, the great philosopher laid the foundation of a school of his philosophical thought, which not only inspired millions of people belonging to divergent societies, cultures, regions, and religions of the world but left indelible imprints of his tremendous knowledge and outstanding intellect for the next generations to come.

What more should there be that JTB is still being doubted as knowledge? Yet this century old philosophical question remains controversial until today. It seems a question with thousand answers, as it is perceived from different perspectives. In fact, understanding contending philosophical viewpoints on JTB is simply amusing and without holding on to basics of truth, one would most likely end-up confused rather than enlightened.

Commonsense intuitions are partly concrete and partly abstract since it can only be admitted as useful by an individual who has encountered tangibility of a case or matter on a regular basis, yet, because there emerges quite a number of uncertainties over time, making such case or matter seem to acquire properties.

The fact is not actually that they do not believe in God; the fact is that they do not want to because that would probably have very far-reaching implications on their lives and that scares them. Then there is the idea of faith. Where there is the matter of faith there is no requirement of any kind of evidence. Faith is all about trust and belief.

I will further on argue that Hylas and Philonous are representatives of materialism and immaterialism, respectively. They discuss a representation of a materialistic and sensual perspective on the same matter. To my mind Hylas ideas are closer to the essence of identity of the object that immaterialistic and sensual wonderings of Philonous.

Abortion Is abortion right or wrong? Abortion is the termination of the embryo or fetus from the uterus before it is viable in order to end pregnancy. Additionally, it is the situation where the pregnancy is terminated intentionally after conception so that it does not lead to the birth of the baby.

Such thinking is not influenced by any outside factors. Human beings are free to determine their nature and act accordingly. They are also free to determine their values. In a nutshell, according to existentialism, human beings are not influenced by external factors in determining their choices and actions.

Philosophy - An Introduction. The word 'philosophy' is one often heard in everyday life, at times misused or attributed to something else entirely. For instance, there are those who take it to refer to a way of life, while others understand it as a way to their own set of beliefs.

Notably, people have different perceptions concerning various situations. It is the interpretation of things that determines how a person responds and thus the basis of morality in society. Friedrich Nietzsche poses the idea that our present morality evolved from ancient times. According to him, they were a dominant class that he calls “masters” who created a moral code that the subordinates in the society had to follow (Danto, 1994).

For one, the self-righteous attitude and dominant state of mind by the US government and its citizens blinded them in the human lives and rights that were being violated during their instigation of wars in the Middle East, especially in Iraq and Afghanistan. The resistance in these areas can be attributed to the rebel groups retaliating to the violence and the unfair treatment that their governments get from the US.

And in deciding what to do in a given controversial, ethical issue, the ethicists apply the theories of ethics, depending on the theory that one has adopted as the tool for analysing ethical issues , to the particular controversial issue.

The riots brought about the destruction of property and many other constraints. This event brought to light level of ethnic differences for the country’s minority communities and a level of racism that prevailed throughout the land. There was so much racism that getting a job was a mighty problem.

Halpern has referred to the fact that even though there are various studies showing cognitive differences in males and females, there are also various studies that show no differences. According to Halpern, there are various “tests of verbal, visual-spatial and quantitative abilities that show consistent sex differences.

However, there are people, who dared to try to find out the truth. They are famous philosophers, who played an important role in the life of all of us. The philosophers devoted their lives to science in order to create the arguments, which attempt to explain the origin of humanity.

Aristotle successfully demonstrates that friendships based on utility or pleasure are not enduring since they do not regard the other person. The friendships will cease to be useful when utility does not exist between the persons since friendships between young people are based on shared activities that end with time.

Savalescu justifies killing of embryos in order to provide body organs to adults during transplantation process (Oakley, 190). In addition, Savalescu justifies human cloning as a way of providing tissues and organs to adults during transplantation. According to him, cloning raises no new ethical questions because if the society accepts the killing of embryos, then society should allow killing of clones.

Buddhism, along with Western Christianity and Islam, represents one of the major world religions. In considering the nature of this ancient religion, there are a complex and diverse variety of philosophical elements related to its internal religious tenants. Buddhism is unique in that it indicates a path of personal development.

The author will explore three figures: the Socrates of Plato's Crito, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Albert Camus. While Socrates felt duty bound to die in service of the state and fulfillment of his sentence, he believes the other two figures would react far differently was they shuttled back in time and forced to join Socrates in his cell.

Concluding all what is said above, bluffing in business has become so common that many have started to interpret it as an essential business strategy without which, one can not conduct business in a profitable manner. Businessmen have established their own criteria of ethics which may or may not come as a compromise upon the concerns of the society.

It has used two celebrities to endorse their brand so that it can attract the audience. The audience that the brand has tried to attract through its advertisement are the people who are looking to get refreshed. This can be witnessed from the ad when Sofia Vergara is seen to be exhausted from the heat in the very beginning.

The first and foremost role of positivism is objectivity. In spite of numerous interpretations of positivism, it is very important to realize a crucial component of this philosophical methodology. August Comte, a developer, a founder and a father of Positivism claimed that “positive” knowledge means “scientific” knowledge (Comte, 2003).